Cardiac Anesthesia Intraoperative Interpretation Accuracy of Transesophageal Echocardiograms: A Review of the Current Literature and Meta-Analysis

References

• Zhitny V, Iftekhar N, Alexander L, Ahsan C. Cardiology fellow diagnostic accuracy and data interpretation outcomes: a review of the current literature. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2020;16:429–435. PMID: 33116553; PMCID: PMC7585513. doi:10.2147/VHRM.S266510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohan LC, Nagarajan V, Millard MA, Loguidice MJ, Fauber NM, Keeley EC. Impact of around-The-clock in-house cardiology fellow coverage on door-to-balloon time in an academic medical center. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2017;13:139–142. PMID: 28458558; PMCID: PMC5403126. doi:10.2147/VHRM.S132405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spahillari A, McCormick I, Yang JX, Quinn GR, Manning WJ. On-call transthoracic echocardiographic interpretation by first year cardiology fellows: comparison with attending cardiologists. BMC Med Educ. 2019;19(1):213. PMID: 31200721; PMCID: PMC6567532. doi:10.1186/s12909-019-1634-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mathew JP, Fontes ML, Garwood S, et al. Transesophageal echocardiography interpretation: a comparative analysis between cardiac anesthesiologists and primary echocardiographers. Anesth Analg. 2002;94(2):302–309. PMID: 11812688. doi:10.1097/00000539-200202000-00013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AAMC. Number of people per active physician by specialty; 2019. Available from: https://www.aamc.org/what-we-do/mission-areas/health-care/workforce-studies/interactive-data/number-people-active-physician-specialty-2019. Accessed: June 13, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Adult cardiac anesthesiology. Careers in medicine; 2022. Available from: https://www.aamc.org/cim/explore-options/specialty-profiles/adult-cardiac-anesthesiology?check_logged_in=1#workforce. Accessed June 19, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Massachusetts General Hospital. Guide to cardiac anesthesia; 2022. Available from: https://www.massgeneral.org/heart-center/treatments-and-services/cardiac-surgery/guide-to-cardiac-anesthesia#:~:text=A%20cardiac%20anesthesiologist%20is%20a,a%20cardiac%20anesthesia%20fellowship%20program. Accessed November 21, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Penn State College of Medicine Residencies and Fellowships. Cardiac anesthesia fellowship; 2022. Available from: https://residency.med.psu.edu/programs/cardiac-anesthesia-fellowship/. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Department of Anesthesiology. Cardiothoracic anesthesiology fellowship; 2022. Available from: https://anesthesiology.weill.cornell.edu/education/fellowships/cardiothoracic-anesthesiology. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Fellowship - Brigham and Women’s Hospital. Adult cardiothoracic anesthesia fellowship; 2022. Available from: https://www.brighamandwomens.org/anesthesiology-and-pain-medicine/clinical-fellowships/cardiothoracic2/cardiothoracic-fellowship-landing#:~:text=The%20fellowship%20is%20either%2012,%2D%20to%2024%2Dmonth%20program. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Fellowship. Anesthesiology; 2022. Available from: https://keck.usc.edu/anesthesiology/training-education/fellowship-programs/cardiothoracic-anesthesiology-fellowship. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine. Adult cardiothoracic anesthesia; 2022. Available from: https://med.stanford.edu/anesthesia/education/fellowships/clinical-fellows/acta.html. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Wdelaney. Adult cardiothoracic anesthesiology fellowship. Medical School - University of Minnesota; 2018. Available from: https://med.umn.edu/anesthesiology/education-training/fellowship-programs/cardiothoracic-anesthesiology-fellowship. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care | The University of Chicago. Adult cardiothoracic fellowship; 2022. Available from: https://anesthesia.uchicago.edu/education/adult-cardiothoracic-fellowship. Accessed November 21, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Johns Hopkins Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine. Cardiac anesthesiology and interventional echocardiography fellowship; 2022. Available from: https://anesthesiology.hopkinsmedicine.org/accm-homepage/cardiac-anesthesia/cardiac-anesthesia-fellowship/. Accessed November 21, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Adult Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology (ACTA) Fellowship. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine. University of Pittsburgh; 2022. Available from: https://www.anesthesiology.pitt.edu/education/clinical-fellowships/adult-cardiothoracic-anesthesiology-acta-fellowship. Accessed November 21, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Stanford Health Care (SHC) - Stanford Medical Center. Types; 2020. Available from: https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-tests/e/echocardiogram/types.html. Accessed June 13, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Phoenix Heart Center. Echocardiograms: transthoracic (TTE) & Transesophageal (TEE); 2017. Available from: http://www.phoenixheartcenter.com/echocardiograms-tte-tee/. Accessed November 10, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• de Bruijn SF, Agema WR, Lammers GJ, et al. Transesophageal echocardiography is superior to transthoracic echocardiography in management of patients of any age with transient ischemic attack or stroke. Stroke. 2006;37(10):2531–2534. PMID: 16946152. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000241064.46659.69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomsen J. To TTE or Tee? European Stroke Organisation; 2021. Available from: https://eso-stroke.org/to-tte-or-tee/#:~:text=TEE%20is%20considered%20more%20sensitive,visualization%20of%20left%20ventricular%20thrombus. Accessed October 24, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Kapral MK, Silver FL. Preventive health care, 1999 update: 2. Echocardiography for the detection of a cardiac source of embolus in patients with stroke. Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. CMAJ. 1999;161(8):989–996. PMID: 10551199; PMCID: PMC1230713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noor A, Suffoletto M. An echocardiogram battle: tte vs tee in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis; 2019. Available from: https://shmabstracts.org/abstract/an-echocardiogram-battle-tte-vs-tee-in-The-diagnosis-of-infective-endocarditis/. Accessed November 10, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Johns Hopkins Medicine. Transesophageal echocardiogram; 2021. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/transesophageal-echocardiogram. Accessed June 19, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• UPMC. Echocardiography - purpose, types, and what to expect: UPMC in central PA. Available from: https://www.upmc.com/services/south-central-pa/heart-vascular/heart/diagnosis/screenings/echo. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE); 2022. Available from: https://www.heartandstroke.ca/heart-disease/tests/transesophageal-echocardiogram-tee. Accessed June 19, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Stanford Health Care (SHC) - Stanford Medical Center. Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE); 2017. Available from: https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-tests/t/transesophageal-echocardiogram.html. Accessed June 19, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE); 2021. Available from: https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/diagnosing-a-heart-attack/transesophageal-echocardiography-tee. Accessed November 10, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. About Your Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE). Available from: https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/patient-education/patient-guide-transesophageal-echocardiogram-tee. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Healthline, Healthline Media. Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE). Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/tee-procedure#reasons. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) or Transesophageal. Available from: https://mountnittany.org/wellness-article/transthoracic-echocardiography-tte-or-transesophageal-echocardiography-tee-when-------your-child-needs. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• American society of Anesthesiologist. Statement on transesophageal echocardiography; 2022. Available from: https://www.asahq.org/standards-and-guidelines/statement-on-transesophageal-echocardiography. Accessed June 19, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Poterack KA. Who uses transesophageal echocardiography in the operating room? Anesth Analg. 1995;80(3):454–458. PMID: 7864407. doi:10.1097/00000539-199503000-00004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson GE, Brickner ME, Reimold SC. Transesophageal echocardiography. Circulation. 2003;107(19):2398–2402. doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000071540.97144.89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DAIC. Advances in transesophageal echo. DAIC; 2021. Available from: https://www.dicardiology.com/article/advances-transesophageal-echo. Accessed June 13, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Chahine J, Montane B, Alzubi J, et al. Improved diagnostic performance of contemporary transesophageal echocardiography with three-dimensional imaging for infective endocarditis. Circulation. 2020;142(Suppl_3):A13434–A13434. doi:10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.13434
   Google Scholar
• Maxwell C, Konoske R, Mark J. Emerging concepts in transesophageal echocardiography. F1000Res. 2016;5:F1000Faculty Rev–340. PMID: 26998250; PMCID: PMC4792209. doi:10.12688/f1000research.7169.1
   Google Scholar
• Fatima H, Sharkey A, Qureshi N, et al. Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography simulator: new learning tool for advanced imaging techniques. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2022;36(7):2090–2097. PMID: 34275733. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2021.05.050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. BMJ. 2009;339:b2535. doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hahn RT, Abraham T, Adams MS, et al. Guidelines for performing a comprehensive transesophageal echocardiographic examination: recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013;26(9):921–964. PMID: 23998692. doi:10.1016/j.echo.2013.07.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafferty T, LaMantia KR, Davis E, et al. Quality assurance for intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography monitoring: a report of 846 procedures. Anesth Analg. 1993;76(2):228–232. PMID: 8424496. doi:10.1213/00000539-199302000-00005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishra M, Chauhan R, Sharma KK, et al. Real-time intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography--how useful? Experience of 5016 cases. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1998;12(6):625–632. PMID: 9854658. doi:10.1016/s1053-0770(98)90232-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiLorenzo MP, Bhatt SM, Mercer-Rosa L. How best to assess right ventricular function by echocardiography. Cardiol Young. 2015;25(8):1473–1481. doi:10.1017/S1047951115002255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller JP, Lambert AS, Shapiro WA, Russell IA, Schiller NB, Cahalan MK. The adequacy of basic intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography performed by experienced anesthesiologists. Anesth Analg. 2001;92(5):1103–1110. PMID: 11323329. doi:10.1097/00000539-200105000-00005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sloth E, Pedersen J, Olsen KH, Wanscher M, Hansen OK, Sørensen KE. Transoesophageal echocardiographic monitoring during paediatric cardiac surgery: obtainable information and feasibility in 532 children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2001;11(6):657–662. PMID: 11696140. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2001.00737.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bick JS, Jr DS, Kennedy JD, et al. Comparison of expert and novice performance of a simulated transesophageal echocardiography examination. Simul Healthc. 2013;8(5):329–334. PMID: 24030477. doi:10.1097/SIH.0b013e31829068df
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sawasdiwipachai P, Thanasriphakdeekul S, Raksamani K, Vacharaksa K, Chaithiraphan V. Learning curve for the acquisition of 20 standard two-dimensional images in advanced perioperative transesophageal echocardiography: a prospective observational study. BMC Med Educ. 2022;22(1):412. PMID: 35637456; PMCID: PMC9153196. doi:10.1186/s12909-022-03280-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konstadt SN, Reich DL, Rafferty T. Validation of a test of competence in transesophageal echocardiography. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1996;10(3):311–313. PMID: 8725408. doi:10.1016/s1053-0770(96)80088-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarrazin JF, Trottier M, Tessier M. Accuracy of PET/CT for detection of infective endocarditis: where are we now? J Nucl Cardiol. 2019;26(3):936–938. PMID: 29143245. doi:10.1007/s12350-017-1126-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prendergast BD. Diagnostic criteria and problems in infective endocarditis. Heart. 2004;90(6):611–613. PMID: 15145855; PMCID: PMC1768277. doi:10.1136/hrt.2003.029850
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pecoraro AJK, Herbst PG, Pienaar C, et al. Modified Duke/European Society of Cardiology 2015 clinical criteria for infective endocarditis: time for an update? Open Heart. 2022;9:e001856. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2021-001856
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahmood M, Kendi AT, Ajmal S, et al. Meta-analysis of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. J Nucl Cardiol. 2019;26(3):922–935. PMID: 29086386. doi:10.1007/s12350-017-1092-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ten HD, Slart RHJA, Sinha B, Glaudemans AWJM, Budde RPJ. 18F-FDG PET/CT in infective endocarditis: indications and approaches for standardization. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2021;23(9):130. PMID: 34363148; PMCID: PMC8346431. doi:10.1007/s11886-021-01542-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouzet F, Iung B, Duval X, et al. 18F-FDG PET/CT in infective endocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;74(8):1041–1043. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.06.049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swart LE, Gomes A, Scholtens AM, et al. Improving the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography in prosthetic heart valve endocarditis. Circulation. 2018;138(14):1412–1427. PMID: 30018167. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang TKM, Sánchez-Nadales A, Igbinomwanhia E, Cremer P, Griffin B, Xu B. Diagnosis of infective endocarditis by subtype using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography: a contemporary meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;13(6):e010600. PMID: 32507019. doi:10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.120.010600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orvin K, Goldberg E, Bernstine H, et al. The role of FDG-PET/CT imaging in early detection of extra-cardiac complications of infective endocarditis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015;21(1):69–76. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2014.08.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar