Overview of guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia: EU perspectives

References

• MurthyLShepperdSClarkeMJInterventions to improve the use of systematic reviews in decision-making by health system managers, policy makers and cliniciansCochrane Database Syst Rev20129CD00940122972142
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AldersonPAbsence of evidence is not evidence of absenceBMJ2004328743847647714988165
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RosenbergWDonaldAEvidence based medicine: an approach to clinical problem-solvingBMJ19953106987112211267742682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SnidermanAFurbergCDTothPPThanassoulisGIs the guideline process replicable and, if not, what does this mean?Prog Cardiovasc Dis20155813925958015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EspositoKCerielloAGenoveseSGiuglianoDCardiovascular guidelines: separate career may help attenuate controversyCardiovasc Diabetol2014136624678917
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FerketBSColkesenEBVisserJJSystematic review of guidelines on cardiovascular risk assessment: which recommendations should clinicians follow for a cardiovascular health check?Arch Intern Med20101701274020065196
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BindslevJBSchrollJGotzschePCLundhAUnderreporting of conflicts of interest in clinical practice guidelines: cross sectional studyBMC Med Ethics2013141923642105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CapdevilaJAGavagnachMMartínezSTorresACritical evaluation of clinical practice guidelinesMed Clin (Barc)20081301037637918381030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuallarELaineCControversy over clinical guidelines: listen to the evidence, not the noiseAnn Intern Med2014160536136224473997
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IsaacsDFitzgeraldDSeven alternatives to evidence based medicineBMJ19993197225161810600968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BarrattAEvidence based medicine and shared decision making: the challenge of getting both evidence and preferences into health carePatient Educ Couns200873340741218845414
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MartinSSSperlingLSBlahaMJClinician-patient risk discussion for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention: importance to implementation of the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelinesJ Am Coll Cardiol201565131361136825835448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MorrisPBMcLainKWhat the guidelines do not say: statin non-benefit groupsCurr Atheroscler Rep201517146825404095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final reportCirculation2002106253143342112485966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StoneNJRobinsonJGLichtensteinAHAmerican College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice GuidelinesCirculation201412925 Suppl 2S1S4524222016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ReinerZCatapanoALDe BackerGEuropean Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) 2008–2010 and 2010–2012 CommitteesESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: the task force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS)Eur Heart J201132141769181821712404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PerkJDe BackerGGohlkeHEuropean Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG)European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical PracticeEur Heart J201233131635170122555213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RabarSHarkerMO’FlynnNWierzbickiASGuideline Development GroupLipid modification and cardiovascular risk assessment for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: summary of updated NICE guidanceBMJ2014349g435625035388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GoffDCJrLloyd-JonesDMBennettG2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelinesCirculation201412925 Suppl 2S49S7324222018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PhillipsESaseenJJCurrent controversies with recent cholesterol treatment guidelinesJ Pharm Pract2016291152526611871
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FinkelJBDuffyD2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol treatment guideline: paradigm shifts in managing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease riskTrends Cardiovasc Med201525434034725435519
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FlinkLUnderbergJANewmanJDGianosEThe recent national lipid association recommendations: how do they compare to other established dyslipidemia guidelines?Curr Atheroscler Rep201517449425690588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SarafSRayKKGuidelines in the USA, a viewpoint contrary to those guidelines in Europe, Canada, Britain and the International Atherosclerosis SocietyCurr Opin Lipidol201425641341725268983
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RayKKKasteleinJJPBoekholdtSMThe ACC/AHA 2013 guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in adults: the good the bad and the uncertain: a comparison with ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias 2011Eur Heart J2014351596096824639424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MartinSSAbdTTJonesSRMichosEDBlumenthalRSBlahaMJ2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol treatment guideline: what was done well and what could be done betterJ Am Coll Cardiol201463242674267824681146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LobosMGalveERoyo-BordonadaMÁSpanish Interdisciplinary Committee for Cardiovascular Disease PreventionSpanish Society of CardiologySpanish Interdisciplinary Committee for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and the Spanish Society of Cardiology position statement on dyslipidemia management. Differences between the European and American guidelinesRev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)2014671191391925443815
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López-JiménezFSimhaVThomasRJA summary and critical assessment of the 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in adults: filling the gapsMayo Clin Proc20148991257127825131697
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SteinbrookRGuidance for guidelinesN Engl J Med2007356433133317251529
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Expert Dyslipidemia Panel of the International Atherosclerosis Society Panel membersAn International Atherosclerosis Society Position Paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia. Full reportJ Clin Lipidol201481296024528685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AdesPAA controversial step forward: a commentary on the 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adultsCoron Artery Dis201425436036324518291
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CannonCPBlazingMAGiuglianoRPIMPROVE-IT InvestigatorsEzetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromesN Engl J Med2015372252387239726039521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martínez-GonzálezMASalas-SalvadóJEstruchRPRE-DIMED investigatorsBenefits of the mediterranean diet: insights from the PREDIMED studyProg Cardiovasc Dis2015581506025940230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuyattGHOxmanADVistGEGRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence strength of recommendationsBMJ2008336765092492618436948
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PreissDKristensenSLThe new pooled cohort equations risk calculatorCan J Cardiol201531561361925843167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’AgostinoRBVasanRSPencinaMJGeneral cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart StudyCirculation2008117674375318212285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ConroyRPyoralaKFitzgeraldAPEstimation of ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease in Europe: the SCORE projectEur Heart J20032411987100312788299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hippisley-CoxJCouplandCVinogradovaYPredicting cardiovascular risk in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QRISK2BMJ200833676591475148218573856
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hippisley-CoxJCouplandCRobsonJBrindlePDerivation, validation, and evaluation of a new QRISK model to estimate lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease: cohort study using QResearch databaseBMJ2010341c662421148212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WoodwardMBrindlePTunstall-PedoeHSIGN group on risk estimationAdding social deprivation and family history to cardiovascular risk assessment: the ASSIGN score from the Scottish Heart Health Extended Cohort (SHHEC)Heart200793217217617090561
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd-JonesDMLeipEPLarsonMGPrediction of lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease by risk factor burden at 50 years of ageCirculation2006113679179816461820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AssmannGCullenPSchulteHSimple scoring scheme for calculating the risk of acute coronary events based on the 10-year follow-up of the Prospective Cardiovascular Munster (PROCAM) studyCirculation2002105331031511804985
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WoodwardMBrindlePTunstall-PedoeHAdding social deprivation and family history to cardiovascular risk assessment: the ASSIGN score from the Scottish Heart Health Extended Cohort (SHHEC)Heart200793217217617090561
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CullenPAssmannGPrimary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. A position paper of the International Task Force for the Prevention of Coronary Heart DiseaseDtsch Med Wochenschr200012528–2988188710943220
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CooneyMTDudinaALGrahamIMValue and limitations of existing scores for the assessment of cardiovascular risk: a review for cliniciansJ Am Coll Cardiol200954141209122719778661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RidkerPMCookNRStatins: new American guidelines for prevention of cardiovascular diseaseLancet201338299071762176524268611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PencinaMJNavar-BogganAMD’AgostinoRBApplication of new cholesterol guidelines to a population-based sampleN Engl J Med20143701422143124645848
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KavousiMLeeningMJNanchenDComparison of application of the ACC/AHA guidelines, Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines, and European Society of Cardiology guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in a European cohortJAMA2014311141416142324681960
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarshallTMNew insights into the statin-cholesterol controversyJ Am Phy Surg20141924246
   Google Scholar
• YeboahJPolonskyTSYoungRUtility of non traditional risk markers in individuals ineligible for statin therapy according to the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Cholesterol GuidelinesCirculation20151321091692226224808
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) CollaborationBaigentCBlackwellLEmbersonJEfficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trialsLancet201037697531670168121067804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) CollaboratorsMihaylovaBEmbersonJBlackwellLThe effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with statin therapy in people at low risk of vascular disease: meta-analysis of individual data from 27 randomised trialsLancet2012380984158159022607822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SmithSCJrGrundySM2013 ACC/AHA guideline recommends fixed-dose strategies instead of targeted goals to lower blood cholesterolJ Am Coll Cardiol201464660161225104531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller-WielandDAssmannGCarmenaRTreat-to-target versus dose-adapted statin treatment of cholesterol to reduce cardiovascular riskEur J Prev Cardiol201623327528125595550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PereraRMcFaddenEMcLellanJOptimal strategies for monitoring lipid levels in patients at risk or with cardiovascular disease. A systematic review with statistical and cost-effectiveness modellingHealth Technol Assess2015191001402
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DavignonJBeneficial cardiovascular pleiotropic effects of statinsCirculation2004109Suppl 1III39III4315198965
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• HaywardRAKrumholzHMThree reasons to abandon low-density lipoprotein targets: an open letter to the Adult Treatment Panel IV of the National Institutes of HealthCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes2012512522253366
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HaywardRAHoferTPVijanSNarrative review: lack of evidence for recommended low-density lipoprotein treatment targets: a solvable problemAnn Intern Med2006145752053017015870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JarchoJAKeaneyJFJrProof that lower is better. LDL Cholesterol and IMPROVE-ITN Engl J Med2015372252448245026039520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heart Protection Study Collaborative GroupMRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20.536 high-risk individuals: a randomized placebo-controlled trialLancet2002360932672212114036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PintóXGarcía-GómezMCNew agents for hypercholesterolemiaMed Cli (Barc)20161464172177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AguiarCAlegríaEBonadonnaRCA review of the evidence on reducing macrovascular risk in patients with atherogenic dyslipidaemia: a report from an expert consensus meeting on the role of fenofibrate statin combination therapyAtheroscler Suppl20151911226315511
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RossebøABPedersenTRBomanKSEAS InvestigatorsIntensive lipid lowering with simvastatin and ezetimibe in aortic stenosisN Engl J Med2008359131343135618765433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BaigentCLandrayMJReithCSHARP InvestigatorsThe effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with simvastatin plus ezetimibe in patients with chronic kidney disease (Study of Heart and Renal Protection): a randomised placebo-controlled trialLancet201137797842181219221663949
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FDA Briefing DocumentEndocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee (EMDAC)12142015 Available from: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/Drugs/EndocrinologicandMetabolicDrugsAdvisoryCommittee/UCM476505.pdfAccessed Dec 10, 2015
   Google Scholar
• KrumholzHMEmphasizing the burden of proof: The American College of Cardiology 2008 Expert Panel Comments on the ENHANCE TrialCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes20103656556721081745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RobinsSJCollinsDWittesJTVA-HIT Study GroupVeterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial. Relation of gemfibrozil treatment and lipid levels with major coronary events: VA-HIT: a randomized controlled trialJAMA2001285121585159111268266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Institute for Health and Clinical ExcellenceEzetimibe for the treatment of primary (heterozygous-familial and non-familial) hypercholesterolaemia. NICE technology appraisal guidance 132LondonNational Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence2007 Available from: http://guidance.nice.org.uk/TA132/Guidance/pdf/EnglishAccessed Dec 10, 2015
   Google Scholar
• KrumholzHMA note to my younger colleagues… be braveCirc Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes20125324524622592750
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JacksonRLawesCMBennettDAMilneRJRodgersATreatment with drugs to lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol based on an individual’s absolute cardiovascular riskLancet2005365945743444115680460
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists’ CollaborationSundströmJArimaHWoodwardMBlood pressure-lowering treatment based on cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of individual patient dataLancet2014384994359159825131978
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RaccahDImportance of blood glucose management in the multifactorial approach of absolute cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes: the lessons from the Steno 2 studyDiabetes Metab200632Spec 22S482S5117375408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WengTCYangYHLinSJTaiSHA systematic review and meta-analysis on the therapeutic equivalence of statinsJ Clin Pharm Ther201035213915120456733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MukhtarRYReidJRecklessJPPitavastatinInt J Clin Pract200559223925215854203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LawMRWaldNJRudnickaARQuantifying effect of statins on low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ischaemic heart disease, and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysisBMJ20033267404142312829554
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKenneyJMDavidsonMHJacobsonTAGuytonJRNational Lipid Association Statin Safety Assessment Task ForceFinal conclusions and recommendations of the National Lipid Association Statin Safety Assessment Task ForceAm J Cardiol2006978A89C95C
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SattarNPreissDMurrayHMStatins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomized statin trialsLancet2010375971673574220167359
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CoodleyGOJorgensenMKirschenbaumJLowering LDL cholesterol in adults: a prospective, community-based practice initiativeAm J Med2008121760461018538295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MendisSPuskaPNorrvingBGlobal Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and ControlGenevaWorld Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization2011
   Google Scholar
• CushmanWCGoffDCMore HOPE for prevention with statinN Engl J Med Epub 2016 Apr 22016374212085208727039666
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar