References
- AbrahamDJVargaJ2005Scleroderma: from cell and molecular mechanisms to disease modelsTrends Immunol265879516168711
- ArnettFCChoMChatterjeeS2001Familial occurrence frequencies and relative risks for systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) in three United States cohortsArthritis Rheum4413596211407695
- ArnettFC2006Is scleroderma an autoantibody mediated disease?Curr Opin Rheum1857981
- AsanoNFujimotoMYazawaN2004B Lymphocyte signaling established by the CD19/CD22 loop regulates autoimmunity in the tight-skin mouseAm J Path1656415015277237
- BaroniSSSantilloMBevilacquaF2006Stimulatory autoantibodies to the PDGF receptor in systemic sclerosisN Eng J Med354266776
- BlankMShoenfeldY2007B cell targeted therapy in autoimmunityJ Autoimmun2862817391915
- BonaCRothfieldN1994Autoantibodies in scleroderma and tightskin miceCurr Opin Immunol693177710717
- BoselloSDe SantisMLamaG2007Clinical improvement in systemic sclerosis patients treated with anti-CD20 [abstract]Arthritis Rheum1223
- BrowningJL2006B cells move to centre stage: novel opportunities for autoimmune disease treatmentNat Rev Drug Discov55647616816838
- CarterRHFearonDT1992CD19: lowering the threshold for antigen receptor stimulation of B lymphocytesScience25610571373518
- ChizzoliniCRaschiERezzonicoR2002Autoantibodies to fibroblasts induce a proadhesive and proinflammatory fibroblast phenotype in patients with systemic sclerosisArthritis Rheum4616021312115192
- ConradFJRiceJSCambierJC2007Multiple paths to loss of anergy and gain of autoimmunityAutoimmunity404182417729035
- DentonCPBlackCM2005Targeted therapy comes of age in sclerodermaTrends Immun26596602
- DoRKHatadaELeeH2000Attenuation of apoptosis underlies B lymphocyte stimulator enhancement of humoral immune responseJ Exp Med1929536411015437
- DuncanMRBermanB1991Stimulation of collagen and glycosaminoglycan production in cultured human adult dermal fibroblasts by recombinant human interleukin 6J Invest Dermatol97686921940439
- FleischmajerRPerlishJSReevesJR1977Cellular infiltrates in scleroderma skinArthritis Rheum2097584861067
- FleischmajerRPerlishJSDuncanM1983Scleroderma. A model for fibrosisArch Dermatol119957626360053
- FujimotoMBradneyAPPoeJC1999Modulation of B lymphocyte antigen receptor signal transduction by a CD19/CD22 regulatory loopImmunity1119120010485654
- FujimotoMHamaguchiYYazawaN2004Autoantibodies to a collagen-specific molecular chaperone, heat-shock protein 47, in systemic sclerosisClin Exp Immunol138534915544633
- FujimotoMSatoS2007B cell signaling and autoimmune diseases: CD19/CD22 loop as a B cell signaling device to regulate the balance of autoimmunityJ Dermatol Sci461917223015
- FuruseSFujiiHKaburagiY2003Serum concentrations of the CXC chemokines interleukin 8 and growth-regulated oncogene-alpha are elevated in patients with systemic sclerosisJ Rheumatol301524812858452
- GershwinMEAbplanalpHCastlesJJ1981Characterization of a spontaneous disease of white leghorn chickens resembling progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)J Exp Med1531640597252423
- GoodnowCC1996Balancing immunity and tolerance: deleting and tuning lymphocyte repertoiresProc Natl Acad Sci USA932264718637861
- GruschwitzMSMoormannSKrömerG1991Phenotypic analysis of skin infiltrates in comparison with peripheral blood lymphocytes, spleen cells and thymocytes in early avian sclerodermaJ Autoimmunity4577931777010
- HasegawaMFujimotoMKikuchiK1997Elevated serum levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-10, and IL-13 in patients with systemic sclerosisJ Rheumatol24328329034992
- HasegawaMHamaguchiYYanabaK2006B-lymphocyte depletion reduces skin fibrosis and autoimmunity in the tight-skin mouse model for systemic sclerosisAm J Pathol1699546616936269
- HuPQFertigNMedsgerTAJr2003Correlation of serum anti-DNA topoisomerase I antibody levels with disease severity and activity in systemic sclerosisArthritis Rheum4813637312746909
- HusseinMRHassanHIHofnyER2005Alterations of mononuclear inflammatory cells, CD4/CD8+ T cells, interleukin 1beta, and tumour necrosis factor alpha in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, peripheral blood, and skin of patients with systemic sclerosisJ Clin Pathol581788415677539
- InaokiMSatoSWeintraubBC1997CD19-regulated signaling thresholds control peripheral tolerance and autoantibody production in B lymphocytesJ Exp Med1861923319382890
- JimenezSADerkCT2004Following the molecular pathways toward an understanding of the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosisAnn Intern Med140375114706971
- KerhlJHRobertsABWakefieldLM1986Transforming growth factor β is an important immunomodulatory protein for human B lymphocytesJ Immunol1373855602878044
- KurasawaKHiroseKSanoH2000Increased interleukin-17 production in patients with systemic sclerosisArthritis Rheum4324556311083268
- KuwanaMOkanoYKaburkiJ1994Racial differences in the distribution of systemic sclerosis-related serum antinuclear antibodiesArthritis Rheum3790268003063
- KuwanaMKaburakiJArnettFC1999Influence of ethnic background on clinical and serologic features in patients with systemic sclerosis and anti-DNA topoisomerase I antibodyArthritis Rheum424657410088769
- KuwanaMKaburakiJMimoriT2000Longitudinal analysis of autoantibody response to topoisomerase 1 in systemic sclerosisArthritis Rheum4310748410817562
- LafyatisRO’HaraCFeghali-BostwickCA2007B cell infiltration in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung diseaseArthritis Rheum563167817763433
- Le HirMMartinMHaasC1999A syndrome resembling human systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) in MRL/lpr mice lacking interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) receptor (MRL/lprgammaR-/-)Clin Exp Immunol11528179933454
- LipskyPE2001Systemic lupus erythematosus: an autoimmune disease of B cell hyperactivityNat Immunol2764611526379
- LooneyRJ2002Treating human autoimmune disease by depleting B cellsAnn Rheum Dis61863612228152
- LunardiCBasonCNavoneR2000Systemic sclerosis immunoglobulin G autoantibodies bind the human cytomegalovirus late protein UL94 and induce apoptosis in human endothelial cellsNat Med61183611017152
- MatsushitaTHasegawaMYanabaK2006Elevated serum BAFF levels in patients with Systemic Sclerosis: enhanced BAFF signaling in systemic sclerosis B lymphocytesArthritis Rheum5419220116385515
- MayesMDLaceyJVJrBeebe-DimmerJ2003Prevalence, incidence, survival, and disease characteristics of systemic sclerosis in a large US populationArthritis Rheum4822465512905479
- MeyerO2006Prognostic markers for systemic sclerosisJoint Bone Spine73490416798048
- O’KeefeTLWilliamsGTBatistaFD1999Deficiency in CD22, a B cell – specific inhibitory receptor, is sufficient to predispose to development of high affinity autoantibodiesJ Exp Med18913071310209047
- PhelpsRGDaianCShibataS1993Induction of skin fibrosis and autoantibodies by infusion of immunocompetent cells from tight skin mice into C57BL/6 Pa/Pa miceJ Autoimmun6701188155252
- ReveilleJDFischbachMMcNearneyT2001Systemic sclerosis in 3 US ethnic groups: a comparison of clinical, sociodemographic, serologic, and immunogenetic determinantsSemin Arthritis Rheum303324611303306
- RuzekMCJhaSLedbetterS2004A modified model of graft-versus-host-induced systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) exhibits all major aspects of the human diseaseArthritis Rheum5013193115077316
- SaitoSNishimuraHPhelpsRG2000Induction of skin fibrosis in mice expressing a mutated fibrillin-1 geneMol Med68253611126198
- SaitoEFujimotoMHasegawaM2002CD19-dependent B lymphocyte signaling thresholds influence skin fibrosis and autoimmunity in the tight-skin mouseJ Clin Invest10914536212045259
- SakkasLI2005New developments in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosisAutoimmunity381131616040330
- SatoSHanakawaHHasegawaM2000aLevels of interleukin 12, a cytokine of type 1 helper T cells, are elevated in sera from patients with systemic sclerosisJ Rheumatol2728384211128673
- SatoSHasegawaMFujimotoM2000bQuantitative genetic variation in CD19 expression correlates with autoimmunityJ Immunol16566354311086109
- SatoSHasegawaMTakeharaK2001Serum levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 correlate with total skin thickness score in patients with systemic sclerosisJ Dermatol Sci27140611532378
- SatoSFujimotoMHasegawaM2004Altered blood B lymphocyte homeostasis in systemic sclerosis: expanded naive B cells and diminished but activated memory B cellsArthritis Rheum5019182715188368
- SchneiderPMacKayFSteinerV1999BAFF, a novel ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates B cell growthJ Exp Med18917475610359578
- SgoncRGruschwitzMSDietrichH1996Endothelial cell apoptosis is a primary pathogenetic event underlying skin lesions in avian and human sclerodermaJ Clin Invest98785928698871
- SiracusaLDMcGrathRMaQ1996A tandem duplication within the fibrillin 1 gene is associated with the mouse tight skin mutationGenom Res630013
- SteenVD2005Autoantibodies in systemic sclerosisSemin Arthritis Rheum35354216084222
- TanEMChanEKLSullivanKF1988Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs): diagnostically specific immune markers and clues toward the understanding of systemic autoimmunityClin Immunol Immupathol4712141
- TedderTFInaokiMSatoS1997The CD19–CD21 complex regulates signal transduction thresholds governing humoral immunity and autoimmunityImmunity6107189047233
- ThienMPhanTGGardamS2004Excess BAFF rescues self-reactive B cells from peripheral deletion and allows them to enter forbidden follicular and marginal zone nichesImmunity207859815189742
- TsuchiyaNKurokiKFujimotoM2004Association of a functional CD19 polymorphism with susceptibility to systemic sclerosisArthritis Rheum504002715593213
- VargaJAbrahamD2007Systemic sclerosis: a prototypic multisystem fibrotic disorderJ Clin Invest1175576717332883
- Van de WaterJHaapanenLBoydR1989Identification of T cells in early dermal lymphocytic infiltrates in avian sclerodermaArthritis Rheum321031402669767
- VerrecchiaFLaboureauJVerolaO2007Skin involvement in scleroderma – where histological and clinical scores meetRheumatology468334117255134
- WhitfieldMLFinlayDRMurrayJI2003Systemic and cell type-specific gene expression patterns in scleroderma skinProc Natl Acad Sci USA100123192414530402
- WynnTA2004Fibrotic disease and the T(H)1/T(H)2 paradigmNat Rev Immunol45839415286725
- YamamotoTTakagawaSKatayamaI1999Animal model of sclerotic skin. I. Local injections of bleomycin induce sclerotic skin mimicking sclerodermaJ Invest Dermatol1124566210201529
- YamamotoT2006The bleomycin-induced scleroderma model: what have we learned for scleroderma pathogenesis?Arch Dermatol Res2973334416402183
- YouinouP2007B cell conducts the lymphocyte orchestraJ Autoimmun281435117363215
- Young-MinSABeetonCLaughtonR2001Serum TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and MMP-1 in patients with systemic sclerosis, primary Raynaud’s phenomenon, and in normal controlsAnn Rheum Dis608465111502611
- ZhouXTanFKMilewiczDM2005Autoantibodies to fibrillin-1 activate normal human fibroblasts in culture through the TGF-β pathway to recapitulate the “Scleroderma phenotype”J Immunol17545556016177099