References
- LublinFDReingoldSCDefining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international surveyNeurology1996469079118780061
- FisnikuLKBrexPAAltmannDRDisability and T2 MRI lesions: a 20-year follow-up of patients with relapse onset multiple sclerosisBrain200813180881718234696
- Bar-OrAOlivieraEMLAndersonDEMolecular pathogenesis of multiple sclerosisJ Neuroimmunol199910025225910695735
- ConlonPOksenbergJRZhangJThe immunobiology of multiple sclerosis: an autoimmune disease of the central nervous systemNeurobiol Dis1999614916610408805
- MartinRStürzebecherCSMcFarlandHFImmunotherapy of multiple sclerosis: Where are we? Where should we go?Nature Immunol2001278578811526386
- YongVWChabotSStüveOInterferon beta in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: mechanisms of actionNeurology199851692689
- NoronhaAToscasAJensenMAInterferon β decreases T-cell activation and interferon γ production in multiple sclerosisJ Neuroimmunol1993461451548360326
- Dhib-JalbutSMechanisms of action of interferons and glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosisNeurology200258S3S911971121
- GraberJJFordDZhanMCytokine changes during interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis: correlations with interferon dose and MRI responseJ Neuroimmunol200718516817417328965
- StüveODooleyNPUhmJHInterferon β-1b decreases the migration of T lymphocytes in vitro: effects on matrix metalloproteinase-9Ann Neurol1996408538639007090
- LeppertDWaubantEBürkMRInterferon beta-1b inhibits gelatinase secretion and in vitro migration of human T cells: a possible mechanism for treatment efficacy in multiple sclerosisAnn Neurol1996408468529007089
- StoneLAFrankJAAlbertPSThe effect of interferon-β on blood-brain barrier disruptions demonstrated by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosisAnn Neurol1995376116197755356
- KrausJLingAKHammSInterferon- β stabilizes barrier characteristics for brain endothelial cells in vitroAnn Neurol20045619220515293271
- CalabresiPATranquillLRDambrosiaJMIncreases in soluble VCAM-1 correlate with a decrease in MRI lesions in multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta-1bAnn Neurol1997416696749153530
- GraberJZhanMFordDInterferonβ-1a induces increases in vascular cell adhesion molecule: implications for its mode of action in multiple sclerosisJ Neuroimmunol200516116917615748956
- YongVWDifferential mechanisms of action of interferon-β and glatiramer acetate in MSNeurology20025980280812349849
- ShariefMKSemraYKSeidiOAInterferon-beta therapy down regulates the anti-apoptosis protein FLIP in T cells from patients with multiple sclerosisJ Neuroimmunol200112110211011730946
- HamamciogluKRederATInterferon-β regulates cytokines and BDNF: greater effect in relapsing than in progressive multiple sclerosisMult Scler20071345947017463069
- BiernackiKAntelAPBlainMInterferon beta promotes nerve growth factor secretion early in the course of multiple sclerosisArch Neurol20056256356815824253
- ByskoshPVRederATInterferon-β effects on cytokine mRNA in peripheral mononuclear cells in multiple sclerosisMult Scler199612622699345428
- RederATVeichkoSYanaguchiKDIFNβ-1b induces transient and variable gene expression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients independent of neutralizing antibodies or changes in IFN receptor RNA expressionJ Interferon Cytokine Res20082831733118547162
- StürzebecherSWandingerKPRosenwaldAExpression profiling identifies responder and non-responder phenotypes to interferon-β in multiple sclerosisBrain20031261419142912764062
- YamaguchiKDRudermanDLCrozeEIFN-β-regulated genes show abnormal expression in therapy-naïve relapsing-remitting MS mononuclear cells: gene expression analysis employing all reported protein-protein interactionsJ Neuroimmunol200819511612018279974
- GoodinDSFrohmanEMGarmanyGPDisease modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis. Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the MS council for Clinical Practice GuidelinesNeurology20025816917811805241
- KnoblerRLGreensteinJLJohnsonKPSystemic recombinant human interferon-β treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Pilot study analysis and six-year follow upJ Interferon Res1993133333408301153
- IFNB Multiple Sclerosis Study GroupInterferon beta-1b is effective in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. I. Clinical results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialNeurology1993436626678469319
- KurtzkeJFRating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS)Neurology198333144414526685237
- PatyDWLiDKBUBC MS/MRI Study GroupInterferon beta-1b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. II. MRI analysis results of a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialNeurology1993436626678469319
- IFNB Multiple Sclerosis Study Group; University of British Columbia MS/MRI Analysis GroupInterferon beta-1b in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: Final outcome of the randomized controlled trialNeurology19964512771285
- European Study Group on Interferon β-1b in Secondary Progressive MSPlacebo-controlled multicenter randomized trial of interferon β-1b in treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosisLancet1998352149114979820296
- North American Study Group on Interferon beta-1b in Secondary Progressive MSInterferon beta-1b in secondary progressive MSNeurology2004631788179515557491
- KapposLWeinshenkerBPozzilliCInterferon beta-1b in secondary progressive MS. A combined analysis of the two trialsNeurology2004631779178715557490
- KapposLPolmanCHFreedmanMSTreatment with interferon beta 1-b delays conversion to clinically definite and McDonald MS in patients with clinically isolated syndromesNeurology2006a671242124916914693
- PoserCMPatyDWScheinbergLNew diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocolsAnn Neurol1983132272316847134
- McDonaldWICompstonAEdanGRecommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosisAnn Neurol20015012112711456302
- KapposLFreedmanMSPolmanCHEffect of early versus delayed interferon beta-1b treatment on disability after a first clinical event suggestive of multiple sclerosis: a 3 year follow-up analysis of the BENEFIT studyLancet200737038939717679016
- JacobsLDCookfairDLRudickRAIntramuscular interferon beta 1-a for disease progression in relapsing multiple sclerosis. The Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group (MSCRG)Ann Neurol1996392852948602746
- RudickRAGoodkinDEJacobsLDImpact of interferon beta-1a on neurologic disability in relapsing multiple sclerosisNeurology1997493583639270562
- FischerJSPrioreRLJacobsLDNeuropsychological effects of interferon β-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosisAnn Neurol20004888589211117545
- FisherERudickRASimonJHEight-year follow-up study of brain atrophy in patients with MSNeurology2002591412142012427893
- ClanetMRadueEWKapposLA randomized, double-blind, dose-comparison study of weekly interferon β-1a in relapsing MSNeurology2002591507151712451189
- ClanetMKapposLHartungHPInterferon β-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosis: four-year extension of the European IFNβ-1a dose-comparison studyMult Scler20041013914415124757
- CohenJACutterGRFischerJSBenefit of interferon β-1a on MSFC progression in secondary progressive MSNeurology20025967968712221157
- FischerJSRudickRACutterGRThe multiple sclerosis functional composite measure (MSFC): an integrated approach to MS clinical outcome assessmentMult Scler1999524425010467383
- JacobsLDBeckRWSimonJHIntramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy initiated during a first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosisN Engl J Med200034389890411006365
- LearySMMillerDHStevensonVLInterferon β-1a in primary progressive MS. An exploratory, randomized, controlled trialNeurology200360445112525716
- PRISMS (Prevention of Relapses and Disability by Interferon β-1a Subcutaneously in Multiple Sclerosis) Study GroupRandomized double-blind placebo controlled study of interferon β-1a in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosisLancet1998352149815049820297
- LiDKBPatyDWUBC MS/MRI Analysis Research Group and PRISMS Study GroupMagnetic resonance imaging results of the PRISMS trial: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon- β1a in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosisAnn Neurol19994619720610443885
- PRISMS Study Group; University of British Columbia MS/MRI Analysis GroupPRISMS-4: Long-term efficacy of interferon-β-1a in relapsing MSNeurology2001561628163611425926
- KapposLTraboulseeAConstantinescuCLong-term subcutaneous interferon beta-1a therapy in patients with relapsing remitting MSNeurology2006b6794495317000959
- Once Weekly Interferon for MS Study Group (OWIMS)Evidence of interferon β-1a dose response in relapsing-remitting MSNeurology19995367968610489026
- Secondary Progressive Efficacy Clinical Trial of Recombinant 1-beta-1a in MS (SPECTRIMS) Study GroupRandomized controlled trial of interferon-beta-1a in secondary progressive MS. Clinical ResultsNeurology2001561496150411402106
- LiDKBZhaoGJPatyDWRandomized controlled trial of interferon-beta-1a in secondary progressive MSNeurology2001561505151311402107
- ComiFFillipiMBarkhofFEffect of early interferon treatment on conversion to definite multiple sclerosis: a randomized trialLancet20013571576158211377645
- EillipiMRovarisMIngleseMInterferon beta-1a for brain tissue loss in patients at presentation with syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trialLancet20043641489149615500893
- DurelliLVerdunEBarberoPEvery other day interferon beta-1b vs once-weekly interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis: results of a 2-year prospective randomized multicenter study (INCOMIN)Lancet20023591453146011988242
- PanitchHSGoodinDSFrancisGRandomized, comparative study of interferon β1-a treatment regimens in MS: the EVIDENCE TrialNeurology2002591496150612451188
- PanitchHGoodinDFrancisGBenefits of high-dose, high-frequency interferon beta-1a in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis are sustained to 16 months: Final comparative results of the EVIDENCE trialJ Neurol Sci2005239677416169561
- SchwidSRThorpeJShariefMEnhanced benefit of increasing interferon beta-1a dose and frequency in relapsing multiple sclerosis: the evidence studyArch Neurol20056278579215883267
- Koch-HenriksenNSφrensenPSChristensenTA randomized study of two interferon-beta treatments in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosisNeurology2006661056106016510769
- WaltherEUHohlfeldRMultiple sclerosis: side effects of interferon beta therapy and their managementNeurology1999531622162710563602
- LublinFDWhitakerJNEidelmanBHManagement of patients receiving interferon beta-1b for multiple sclerosis: report of a consensus conferenceNeurology19964612188559358
- MunschauerFEKinkelRPManaging side effects of interferon-beta in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosisClin Ther1997198838939385477
- BaumKO’LearyCFerrerFCComparison of injection site pain and injection site reactions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon beta-1a or 1bMult Scler2007131153116017967843
- KümpfelTSchwanMPollmächerTTime of interferon-β-1a injection and duration of treatment affect clinical side effects and acute changes of plasma hormone and cytokine levels in multiple sclerosis patientsMult Scler2007131138114517967841
- RiceGPEbersGCLublinFDIbuprofen treatment versus gradual introduction of interferon β1-b in patients with MSNeurology1999521893189510371541
- TremlettHLYoshidaEMOgerJLiver injury associated with the β-interferons for MS: a comparison between three productsNeurology20046262863114981183
- FrancisGSGrumserYAlteriEHepatic reactions during treatment of multiple sclerosis with interferon-β-1a: incidence and clinical significanceDrug Safety20032681582712908850
- YoshidaEMRasmussenSLSteinbrecherUPFulminant liver failure during interferon-beta treatment of multiple sclerosisNeurology200156141611376205
- PeriniPCalabreseMBiasiGThe clinical impact of interferon beta antibodies in relapsing-remitting MSJ Neurol200425130530915015010
- RiceGPPasznerBOgerJThe evolution of neutralizing antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon β-1bNeurology1999521277127910214759
- RiceGThe significance of neutralizing antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with interferon betaArch Neurol2001581297129811493173
- KhanOADhib-JalbutSSNeutralizing antibodies to interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b in MS patients are cross-reactiveNeurology199851169817029855525
- GiovannoniGBarbarashOLJaberAReduced immunogenicity with a new formulation of interferon of interferon-beta-1a (Rebif®): 24-week results of a phase IIIb studyMult Scler200612Suppl 1S192
- GoodinDSFrohmanEMHurwitzBNeutralizing antibodies to interferon beta: assessment of their clinical and radiographic impact: an evidence report. Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of NeurologyNeurology20076897798417389300
- BoskovicRWideRWolpinJThe reproductive effects of beta interferon therapy in pregnancy: a longitudinal cohortNeurology20056580781116186517
- PattiFRussoPPappalardoAPredictors of quality of life among patients with multiple sclerosis: an Italian cross-sectional studyJ Neurol Sci200725212112917188301
- Bayer Schering Pharma AGBEYOND study: results do not support regulatory filing for Betaferon®500 μg Press ReleaseLeverkusen, GermanyBayer Schering Pharma AG2007
- LublinFDReingoldSCNational Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Task Force on Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials in MSPlacebo-controlled clinical trials in multiple sclerosis: ethical considerationsAnn Neurol20014967768111357961