Vascular dementia: prevention and treatment

References

• BlackSRomanGCGeldmacherDSDonepezil 307 Vascular Dementia Study Group2003Efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in vascular dementia: positive results of a 24-week, multicenter, international, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trialStroke3423233012970516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BotsMLvan SwietenJCBretelerMM1993Cerebral white matter lesions and atherosclerosis in the Rotterdam StudyLancet341123278098390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BretelerMMvan AmerongenNMvan SwietenJC1994Cognitive correlates of ventricular enlargement and cerebral white matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. The Rotterdam StudyStroke251109158202966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BretelerMMvan SwietenJCBotsML1994Cerebral white matter lesions, vascular risk factors, and cognitive function in a population-based study: the Rotterdam StudyNeurology441246528035924
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CacciatoreFAbetePFerraraN1998Congestive heart failure and cognitive impairment in an older population. Osservatorio Geriatrico Campano Study GroupJ Am Geriatr Soc46134389809754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CourtJAPerryEKKalariaRN2002Neurotransmitter control of the cerebral vasculature and abnormalities in vascular dementiaErkinjunttiTGauthierSVascular cognitive impairmentLondonMartin Duniz Ltd16785
   Google Scholar
• CummingsJLMegaMGrayK1994The neuropsychiatric inventory: comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementiaNeurology442308147991117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DesmondDWErkinjunttiTSanoM1999The cognitive syndrome of vascular dementia: implications for clinical trialsAlzheimer Dis Assoc Disord13Suppl 3S21910609678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DesmondDWMoroneyJTPaikMC2000Frequency and clinical determinants of dementia after ischemic strokeNeurology5411243110720286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DesmondDWTatemichiTKPaikMC1993Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease as correlates of cognitive function in a stroke-free cohortArch Neurol5016268431135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di BariMPahorMFranseLV2001Dementia and disability outcomes in large hypertension trials: lessons learned from the systolic hypertension in the elderly program (SHEP) trialAm J Epidemiol15372811159149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DufouilCChalmersJCoskunOPROGRESS MRI Substudy Investigators2005Effects of blood pressure lowering on cerebral white matter hyperintensities in patients with stroke: the PROGRESS (Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study) Magnetic Resonance Imaging SubstudyCirculation11216445016145004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DufouilCde Kersaint-GillyABesanconV2001Longitudinal study of blood pressure and white matter hyperintensities: the EVA MRI CohortNeurology56921611294930
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ErkinjunttiT1999Cerebrovascular dementia: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatmentCNS Drugs123548
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ErkinjunttiTKurzAGauthierS2002Efficacy of galantamine in probable vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease combined with cerebrovascular disease: a randomised trialLancet35912839011965273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FeldmanHLevyARHsiungGYACCORD Study Group2003A Canadian cohort study of cognitive impairment and related dementias (ACCORD): study methods and baseline resultsNeuroepidemiology222657412902621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FitzpatrickALKullerLHLopezOL2005Survival following dementia onset: Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementiaJ Neurol Sci22930439
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GearingMMirraSSHedreenJC1995The consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer’s disease (CERAD). Part X. Neuropathology confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s diseaseNeurology4546167898697
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GortelmeyerRErblerH1992Memantine in the treatment of mild to moderate dementia syndrome. A double-blind placebo-controlled studyArzneimittel-Forschung42904131418054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GottfriesCGBlennowKKarlssonI1994The neurochemistry of vascular dementiaDementia (Basel, Switzerland)51637
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• [HPSCG] Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group2002MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trialLancet36072212114036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HebertRBrayneC1995Epidemiology of vascular dementiaNeuroepidemiology14240577477666
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HeymanAFillenbaumGGWelsh-BohmerKA1998Cerebral infarcts in patients with autopsy-proven Alzheimer’s disease: CERAD, part XVIII. Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s DiseaseNeurology51159629674796
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HofmanARoccaWABrayneC1991The prevalence of dementia in Europe: a collaborative study of 1980–1990 findings. Eurodem Prevalence Research GroupInt J Epidemiol20736481955260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• in’t VeldBARuitenbergAHofmanA2001Antihypertensive drugs and incidence of dementia: the Rotterdam StudyNeurobiol Aging224071211378246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• InzitariD2003Leukoaraiosis: an independent risk factor for stroke?Stroke3420677112829859
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JickHZornbergGLJickSS2000Statins and the risk of dementiaLancet35616273111089820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JormAF1991Cross-national comparisons of the occurrence of Alzheimer’s and vascular dementiasEur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci240218221828995
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JuanDZhouDHLiJ2004A 2-year follow-up study of cigarette smoking and risk of dementiaEur J Neurol112778215061830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KimuraSSaitoHMinamiM2000Pathogenesis of vascular dementia in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive ratsToxicology1531677811090955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KittnerBRossnerMRotherM1997Clinical trials in dementia with propentofyllineAnn N Y Acad Sci826307169329701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KivipeltoMHelkalaELLaaksoMP2001Midlife vascular risk factors and Alzheimer’s disease in later life: longitudinal, population based studyBMJ32214475111408299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LindgrenARoijerARudlingO1994Cerebral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, heart disease, and vascular risk factors in subjects without stroke. A population-based studyStroke25929348165686
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiuCKMillerBLCummingsJL1992A quantitative MRI study of vascular dementia”Neurology42138431734295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LongstrethWTJrManolioTAArnoldA1996Clinical correlates of white matter findings on cranial magnetic resonance imaging of 3301 elderly people. The Cardiovascular Health StudyStroke271274828711786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LuchsingerJATangMXSternY2001Diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with stroke in a multiethnic cohortAm J Epidemiol1546354111581097
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaloufRBirksJ2004Donepezil for vascular cognitive impairmentCochrane Database Syst Rev1CD00439514974068
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MeyerJSRauchGMCrawfordK1999Risk factors accelerating cerebral degenerative changes, cognitive decline and dementiaInt J Geriatr Psychiatry1410506110607973
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MielkeRMollerHJErkinjunttiT1998Propentofylline in the treatment of vascular dementia and Alzheimer-type dementia: overview of phase I and phase II clinical trialsAlzheimer Dis Assoc Disord12Suppl 2S29359769027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MiyaoSTakanoATeramotoJ1992Leukoaraiosis in relation to prognosis for patients with lacunar infarctionStroke23143481412580
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MobiusHJStofflerA2002New approaches to clinical trials in vascular dementia: memantine in small vessel diseaseCerebrovasc Dis13Suppl 261611901246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MorettiRTorrePAntonelloRM2003Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia: a randomized, controlled, open 12-month study in 208 patientsAm J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen182657214569643
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• [MRC] Medical Research Council Working Party1985MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principal resultsBr Med J (Clin Res Ed)29197104
   Google Scholar
• [MRCCFAS] Neuropathology Group. Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Aging Study2001Pathological correlates of late-onset dementia in a multicentre, community-based population in England and Wales. Neuropathology Group of the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (MRC CFAS)Lancet3571697511213093
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’BrienJTErkinjunttiTReisbergB2003Vascular cognitive impairmentLancet Neurol2899812849265
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’BrienMD1994How does cerebrovascular disease cause dementia?Dementia513368087167
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• PahorMSomesGWFranseLV1999Prevention of dementia: Syst-Eur trialLancet353235author reply 236–79923896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PantoniLBianchiCBenekeM2000The Scandinavian Multi-Infarct Dementia Trial: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on nimodipine in multi-infarct dementiaJ Neurol Sci1751162310831772
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PohjasvaaraTErkinjunttiTVatajaR1997Dementia three months after stroke. Baseline frequency and effect of different definitions of dementia in the Helsinki Stroke Aging Memory Study (SAM) cohortStroke28785929099197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [PROGRESS] PROGRESS Collaborative Group2001Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6,105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attackLancet35810334111589932
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ReitzCTangMXLuchsingerJ2004Relation of plasma lipids to Alzheimer disease and vascular dementiaArch Neurol617051415148148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RockwoodK1997Lessons from mixed dementiaInt Psychogeriatr924599513026
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RockwoodKKirklandSHoganDB2002Use of lipid-lowering agents, indication bias, and the risk of dementia in community-dwelling elderly peopleArch Neurol59223711843693
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RomanG2000Perspectives in the treatment of vascular dementiaDrugs Today366415312847569
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RomanGCRoyallDR1999Executive control function: a rational basis for the diagnosis of vascular dementiaAlzheimer Dis Assoc Disord13Suppl 3S698010609685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RossGWPetrovitchHWhiteLR1999Characterization of risk factors for vascular dementia: the Honolulu-Asia Aging StudyNeurology533374310430423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RoyterVM BornsteinNRussellD2005Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and cognitive decline: a reviewJ Neurol Sci2292306567
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RuitenbergAOttAvan SwietenJC2001Incidence of dementia: does gender make a difference?Neurobiol Aging225758011445258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SachdevPSBrodatyHLooiJC1999Vascular dementia: diagnosis, management and possible preventionMed J Aust17081510026690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [SHEP] SHEP Cooperative Research Group1991Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP)JAMA2653255642046107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShepherdJBlauwGJMurphyMBPROSPER study group. PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk2002Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomised controlled trialLancet36016233012457784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SnowdonDAGreinerLHMortimerJA1997Brain infarction and the clinical expression of Alzheimer disease. The Nun StudyJAMA277813179052711
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TatemichiTKDesmondDWSternY1994Cognitive impairment after stroke: frequency, patterns, and relationship to functional abilitiesJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry5720278126506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ThomasNJMorrisCMScaravilliF2000Hereditary vascular dementia linked to notch 3 mutations. CADASIL in British familiesAnn N Y Acad Sci903293810818518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UedaKKawanoHHasuoY1992Prevalence and etiology of dementia in a Japanese communityStroke237988031595095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van ZagtenMBoitenJKesselsF1996Significant progression of white matter lesions and small deep (lacunar) infarcts in patients with strokeArch Neurol5365058929172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VermeerSEPrinsNDden HeijerT2003Silent brain infarcts and the risk of dementia and cognitive declineNew Engl J Med34812152212660385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilcockGMobiusHJStofflerAMMM 500 Group2002A double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study of memantine in mild to moderate vascular dementia (MMM500)Int Clin Psychopharmacol1729730512409683
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilkinsonDDoodyRHelmeRDonepezil 308 Study Group2003Donepezil in vascular dementia: a randomized, placebo-controlled studyNeurology614798612939421
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZekryDHauwJJGoldG2002Mixed dementia: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatmentJ Am Geriatr Soc501431812165002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangM1990Prevalence study on dementia and Alzheimer diseaseZhonghua yi xue za zhi704248302174278
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ZhangZXZahnerGERomanGC2005Dementia subtypes in China: prevalence in Beijing, Xian, Shanghai, and ChengduArch Neurol624475315767510
   PubMedGoogle Scholar