References
- BonetTSepultrechretum sive anatomica pructica ex Cadaveribus Morbo denatis, proponens Histoa’s Observations omnium pene humani corporis affectuum, ipsarcomoue Causas recordatis revelansGeneva1679
- PettyTLThe history of COPDInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2006131418046898
- LaennecRTHA treatise on the diseases of the chest (English translsation for the French). Preface and notes by Forbes JLondon T and G Underwood1837
- TiffeneauRPinelliAFAire circulant et air captif dans l’exploration de la function ventilatrice pulmonaiteParis Med194713362462818909782
- FletcherCMJonesNLBurrowsBNidenAHAmerican emphysema and British bronchitis: A standardized comparative studyAm Rev Resp Dis19649011314178623
- BurrowsBFletcherCMHeardBEThe emphysematous and bronchial types of chronic airway obstruction: a clinopathological study of patients in London and ChicagoLancet196618308354159957
- JonesNLBurrowsBFletcherCMSerial studies of 100 patients with chronic airway obstruction in London and ChicagoThorax1967223273356035796
- BriscoeWANashESThe slow space in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasesAnn N Y Acad Sci196512170672214309579
- SukumalchantraYWilliamsMHSerial studies of pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Med1965399419455853045
- HoggJCMacklemPTThurlbeckWMSite and nature of airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseN Engl J Med1968278135513605650164
- CosioMGhezzoHHoggJCThe relations between structural changes in small airwayys and pulmonaryfunction testsN Engl J Med197829812771281651978
- PettyTLSilversGWStanfordRESmall airway disease is associated with elastic recoil changes in excised human lungsAm Rev Respir Dis198413042456742609
- American Thoracic Society. Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Am J Respir Crit Care Med1995152S77S1207582322
- ERS Consensus Statement. Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Eur Respir J19958139814207489808
- BTSGuidelinesFor the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseBMJ199752S2S15
- ManninoDMDohertyDESonia BuistAGlobal Initiative on Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification of lung disease and mortality: findings from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) studyRespir Med2006100111512215893923
- FletcherCPetoRThe natural history of chronic airflow obstructionBMJ1977116451648871704
- AnthonisenNRWrightECHodgkinJEPrognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm Rev Respir Dis198613314203510578
- AnthonisenNRConnettJEKileyJPEffects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1. The Lung Health StudyJAMA19941615391541
- AnthonisenNRSmoking, lung function, and mortalityThorax20005572973410950888
- HoleDJWattGCMDaveySmithGHartCLGillisCRHawthorneVMImpaired lung function and mortality risk in men and women:findings from the Renfew and Paisley prospective population studyBMJ19963137117158819439
- ThomasonMJStrachanDPWhich spirometric indices best predict death from chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax20005578578810950899
- AïtKhaledNEnarsonDAOttmaniSEl SonyAEltiganiMSepulvedaRChronic airflow limitation in developing countries: burden and prioritiesInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2007214115018044686
- BuistASMcBurnieMAVollmerWMBOLD Collaborative Research Group. International variation in the prevalence of COPD (the BOLD Study): a population-based prevalence studyLancet200737074175017765523
- MurrayCJLopezADAlternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 19902020: Global Burden of Disease StudyLancet1997349149815049167458
- SeemungalTHarrinarineRRiosMObstructive Lung Disease in Acute Medical PatientsWest Indian Med J2008577174
- LiuSZhouYWangXBiomass fuels are the probable risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural South ChinaThorax2007628389
- DriscollTNelsonDISteenlandKThe global burden of non-malignant respiratory disease due to occupational airborne exposuresAm J Ind Med20054843244516299701
- TakahashiTIchinoseMInoueHShiratoKHattoriTTakishimaTUnderdiagnosis and undertreatment of COPD in primary care settingsRespirology2003850450814629656
- JindalSKAggarwalANGuptaDA review of population studies from India to estimate national burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its association with smokingIndian J Chest Dis Allied Sci20014313914711529432
- GroenewaldPVosTNormanR2000S Afr Med J20077(8 Pt 2)674681
- ChanYeungMAïtKhaledNWhiteNIpMSTanWCThe burden and impact of COPD in Asia and AfricaInt J Tuberc Lung Dis200482124
- FeenstraTLvan GenugtenMLHoogenveenRTWoutersEFRuttenvan MölkenMPThe impact of aging and smoking on the future burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a model analysis in the NetherlandsAm J Respir Crit Care Med200116459059611520721
- ManninoDMHomaDMAkinbamiLJFordESReddSCChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Surveillance – United States, 19712000MMWR200251S6116
- VarkeyABChronic obstructive pulmonary disease in women: exploring gender differencesCurr Opin Pulm Med2004109810315021178
- HalbertRJNatoliJLGanoABadamgaravEBuistASManninoDMGlobal burden of COPD: systematic review and metaanalysisEur Respir J20062852353216611654
- SorianoJBMaierWEggerPRecent trends in physician diagnosed COPD in women and men in the UKThorax20005578979410950900
- SchirnhoferLLamprechtBVollmerWMCOPD prevalence in Salzburg, Austria: results from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) studyChest2007131293617218553
- HanMKPostmaDManninoDM2007Gender and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: why it mattersAm J Respir Crit Care Med2007176121179118417673696
- ManninoDMBuistoASGlobal burden of COPD: risk factors, prevalence, and future trendsLancet2007370958976577317765526
- TagerISpeizerFERole of infection in chronic bronchitisN Engl J Med197529211563571802896
- JefferyPKStructural and inflammatory changes in COPD: a comparison with AsthmaThorax1998531291369624299
- MontoASHigginsMWRossHWThe Tecumseh study of respiratory illness. Acute infection in chronic respiratory disease and comparison groupsAm Rev Infect Dis1975112736
- KannerRERenzettiADJrKlauberMRSmithCBGoldenCAVariables associated with changes in spirometry in patients with obstructive lung diseasesAm J Med1979674450313706
- AnthonisenNRManfredaJWarrenCPHeshfordEWHardingGKMNelsonNAAntibiotic therapy in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAnn Intern Med19871061962043492164
- SeemungalTARDonaldsonGCBhowmikAJeffriesDJWedzichaJATime course and recovery of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med20001611608161810806163
- WedzichaJACalverleyPMSeemungalTAHaganGAnsariZStockleyRAINSPIRE InvestigatorsThe prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations by salmeterol/fluticasone propionate or tiotropium bromideAm J Respir Crit Care Med2008177192617916806
- SeemungalTARDonaldsonGCPaulEABestallJCJeffriesDJWedzichaJAEffect of exacerbation on quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med1998157141814229603117
- JohnstonAKManninoDMEpidemiology of COPD exacerbationsWedzichaJAMartinezFExacerbations Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)New YorkInforma Healthcare2008
- BurgePSCalverleyPMAJonesPWSpencerSAndersonJAMaslenTKRandomised, double blind, placebo controlled study of fluticasone propionate in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the ISOLDE trialBMJ20003201297130310807619
- SeemungalTStockleyRCalverleyPHaganGWedzichaJAInvestigating New Standards for Prophylaxis In Reduction of Exacerbations The INSPIRE Study MethodologyCOPD2007417718317729060
- WilkinsonTMADonaldsonGCHurstJRSeemungalTARWedzichaJAEarly therapy improves outcomes of exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med20041691298130314990395
- LangsetmoLPlattRWErnstPBourbeauJUnderreporting exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a longitudinal cohortAm J Respir Crit Care Med200817739640118048806
- VijaysarathaKStockleyRAReported and unreported exacerbations of COPD: analysis by diary cardsChest2008133344117989153
- McCormickAFlemingDCharltonJMorbidity statistics from general practice: Fourth national study 19912: Office of Population Census and LondonSurveys; 1995
- NiewoehnerDEErblandMLDeupreeRHEffect of systemic glucocorticoids on exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study GroupN Engl J Med19993401941194710379017
- GoldacreMJFergusonJAInpatient workload in medical specialities: demographic studies and time trends from linked statisticsQ J Med199588649660
- VestboJSorensenTLangePBrixATorrePViskumKLongterm effect of inhaled budesonide in mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:a randomised controlled trialLancet19993531819182310359405
- ForemanMGDeMeoDLHershCPReillyJJSilvermanEKClinical determinants of exacerbations in severe, earlyonset COPDEur Respir J20073061124113017715170
- PatelISSeemungalTARWilksMLloyd OwenSDonaldsonGCWedzichaJARelationship between bacterial colonisation and the frequency, character and severity of COPD exacerbationsThorax20025775976412200518
- BhowmikASeemungalTASapsfordRJWedzichaJARelation of sputum inflammatory markers to symptoms and lung function changes in COPD exacerbationsThorax20005511412010639527
- SeemungalTARHarperOwenRBhowmikARespiratory viruses and symptoms, inflammatory markers in acute exacerbations of COPDAm J Respir Crit Care Med20011618162311719299
- SpencerSCalverleyPMABurgePSJonesPWon behalf of the Isolde Study GroupHealth status deterioration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med200116312212811208636
- KannerREAnthonisenNRConnettJfor the Lung Health StudyLower respiratory illnesses promote FEV1 decline in smokers but not exsmokers with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from the Lung Health StudyAm J Respir Crit Care Med200116435836411500333
- DonaldsonGCSeemungalTARBhowmikAWedzichaJARelationship between exacerbation frequency and lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax20025784785212324669
- SolerCatalunaJJMartínezGarcíaMARomán SánchezPSalcedoENavarroMOchandoRSevere acute exacerbations and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax20056092593116055622
- JaradNAWedzichaJABurgePSCalverleyPMAn observational study of inhaled corticosteroid withdrawal in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ISOLDE Study GroupRespir Med19999316116610464871
- SuissaSErnstPVandemheenKLAaronSDMethodological issues in therapeutic trials of COPDEur Respir J20083192793318216056
- KeeneONCalverleyPMAJonesPWVestboJAndersonJAStatistical analysis of exacerbation rates in COPD: TRISTAN and ISOLDE revisitedEur Respir J200832172418591336
- SuissaSExacerbations and intent-to-treat analyses in randomised trialsEur Respir J2008321117111818827158
- JonesPWQuirkFHBaveystockCMThe St. Georges Respiratory QuestionnaireRespir Med199185Suppl B25311759018
- JonesPWHealth status measurement in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax20015688088711641515
- OkubadejoAAJonesPWWedzichaJAQuality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe hypoxaemiaThorax19965144478658368
- SchrierADekkerFWKapteinAADijkmanJHQuality of life in elderly patients with chronic nonspecific lung disease seen in family practiceChest1990988948992209145
- JonesPWBoshTKQuality of life changes in COPD patients with SalmeterolAm J Respir Crit Care Med1997155128312899105068
- BorsonSMcDonaldGJGayleTDeffebachMLakshminarayanSVanTuinenCImprovement in mood, physical symptoms, and function with nortriptyline for depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePsychosomatics1992331902011557484
- Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing Trial Group (IPPB Trial Group). Intermittent positive pressure breathing of COPDAnn Intern Med1983996126206357018
- MeechamJonesDJPaulEAJonesPWWedzichaJANasal pressure support ventilation plus oxygen compared with oxygen therapy alone in hypercapnoeic COPDAm J Respir Crit Care Med19951525385447633704
- GarrodRMikelsonsCPaulEAWedzichaJARandomized controlled trial of domiciliary noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and physical training in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med2000162(4 Pt 1)133541
- WijkstraPJAltenaRVKraanJOttenVPostmeDSKoeterGHQuality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease improves after rehabilitation at homeEur Resp J19947269273
- GoldsteinRSGortEDHStubbingDAvendanoMAGuyattGHRandomised controlled trial of respiratory rehabilitationLancet1994344139413977968075
- WedzichaJABestallJCGarrodRGarnhamRPaulEAJonesPWRandomised controlled trial of pulmonary rehabilitation in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, stratified with the MRC dyspnoea scaleEur Respir J1998123633699727786
- OsmanLMGoddenDJFriendJARLeggeJSDouglasJGQuality of life and hospital readmission in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax19975267719039248
- SpencerSJonesPWfor the GLOBE Study GroupTime course of recovery of health status following an infective exacerbation of chronic bronchitisThorax20035858959312832673
- GuyattGHBermanLBTowensendMPugsleySOChambersLWA measure of quality of life for clinical trials in chronic lung diseaseThorax1987427737783321537
- JonesPWQuirkFHBaveystockCMLittlejohnsPA self-complete measure for chronic airflow limitation the St. George’s Respiratory QuestionnaireAm Rev Respir Dis1992145132113271595997
- WilliamsJESinghSJSewellLGuyattGHMorganMDDevelopment of a self-reported Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQSR)Thorax2001561295495911713359
- JaeschkeRSingerJGuyattGHMeasurement of health status. Ascertaining the minimal clinically important differenceControl Clin Trials19891044074152691207
- JonesPWLassersonDRelationship between change in the St. Georges Respiratory Questionnaire score and the patient’s perception of treatment efficacy after one years therapy with nedocromil sodiumAm J Respir Crit Care Med1994149A211
- JonesPLInterpreting thresholds for a clinically significant change in health status in asthma and COPDEur Respir J20021939840411936514
- BroekhuizenRWoutersEFCreutzbergECScholsAMRaised CRP levels mark metabolic and functional impairment in advanced COPDThorax200661172216055618
- GarrodRMarshallJBarleyEFredericksSHaganGThe relationship between inflammatory markers and disability in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Prim Care Respir J20071623624017665081
- SeemungalTARCho Fook LunJDavisGPlasma homocysteine is elevated in COPD patients and is related to COPD severityInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis20072331332118229569
- LopezADMathersCDEzzatiMJamisonDTMurrayCJGlobal and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health dataLancet2006367174757
- OliveiraAFValenteJGLeiteICThe disease burden attributable to smoking in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2000Clinics20086321522218438576
- SahaRNathASharmaNBadhanSKIngleGKChanging profile of disease contributing to mortality in a resettlement colony of DelhiNatl Med J India20072012512717867616
- The Office of National Statistics of the United Kingdom Available at: www.statistics.gov.uk/
- The National Health Executive of the United Kingdom Available at: www.nationalhealthexecutive.com
- ManninoDMBramanSThe epidemiology and economics of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseProc Am Thorac Soc2007450252617878461
- FosterTSMillerJDMartonJPCaloyerasJPRussellMWMenzinJAssessment of the Economic Burden of COPD in the USA Review and Synthesis of the LiteratureCOPD2006321121817361502
- NurmagambetovTAtherlyAWilliamsSHolguinFManninoDMReddSCWhat is the cost to employers of direct medical care for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCOPD200632039
- TraverGAMeasures of symptoms and life quality to predict emergent use of institutional health care resources in chronic obstructive airways diseaseHeart Lung1998176896973192415
- HurdSThe impact of COPD on lung health worldwide: epidemiology and incidenceChest20001171S5S10673465
- CalverleyPMAndersonJACelliBTORCH investigatorsSalmeterol and fluticasone propionate and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseN Engl J Med200735677578917314337
- PostmaDSPetersISteenhuisEJSluiterHJModerately severe chronic airflow obstruction. Can corticosteroids slow down obstructionEur Respir J1988122263366234
- DompelingEvan SchayckCPvan GrunsvenPMvan HerwaardenCLAkkermansRMolemaJSlowing the deterioration of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease observed during bronchodilator therapy by adding inhaled corticosteroids. A 4 year prospective studyAnn Intern Med19931187707788470851
- CallahanCMDittusRSKatzBPOral corticosteroid therapy for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A metaanalysisAnn Intern Med19911142162231824614
- Jan GrunsvenPMvan SchayckCPDerenneJPKerstjensHARenkemaTEPostmaDSLong term effects of inhaled corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a metaanalysisThorax19995471410343624
- PauwelsRALofdahlCGLaitinenLASchoutenJPPostmaDSPrideNBLongterm treatment with inhaled budesonide in persons with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who continue smokingN Engl J Med19993401948195310379018
- SpencerSCalverleyPMABurgePSJonesPWImpact of preventing exacerbations on deterioration of health status in COPDEur Respir J2004231518431851
- CalverleyPPauwelsRVestboJTRial of Inhaled STeroids ANd longacting beta2 agonists study groupCombined salmeterol and fluticasone in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trialLancet200336144945612583942
- SzafranskiWCukierARamirezAEfficacy and safety of budesonide/formoterol in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseEur Respir J200321748751
- CalverleyPMBoonsawatWCsekeZZhongNPetersonSOlssonHMaintenance therapy with budesonide and formoterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseEur Respir J20032291291914680078
- Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease Update Available from http://www.goldcopd.com/Guidelineitem.asp?l1=2&l2=1&intId=989.2007
- BoydGMoriceAHPounsfordJCSiebertMPeslisNCrawfordCAn evaluation of salmeterol in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Eur Respir J1997108158219150318
- MahlerDADonohueJFBarbeeRAEfficacy of salmeterol xinafoate in the treatment of COPDChest199911595796510208192
- DahlRGreefhorstLANowakDFormoterol in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I Study GroupInhaled formoterol dry powder versus ipratropium bromide in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med200116477878411549532
- RennardSIAndersonWZuWallackRUse of a longacting inhaled beta2adrenergic agonist, salmeterol xinafoate, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med20011631087109211316640
- SalpeterSRBuckleyNSSalpeterEEMetaanalysis: anticholinergics, but not βagonists, reduce severe exacerbations and respiratory mortality in COPDJ Gen Intern Med2006211011101916970553
- GudmundssonGGislasonTLindbergEMortality in COPD patients discharged from hospital: the role of treatment and comorbidityRespir Res2006710916914029
- SiafakasNMVermeirePPrideNBOptimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The European Respiratory Society Task ForceEur Respir J19958139814207489808
- GrossNJSkorodinMSRole of the parasympathetic system in airway obstruction due to emphysemaN Engl J Med19843114214256749189
- GrossNJCoESkorodinMSCholinergic bronchomotor tone in COPD. Estimates of its amount in comparison with that in normal subjectsChest1989969847
- IncorvaiaCRiarioSforzaGGPravettoniCYacoubMRFratiFImpairment of small airways in COPD patients with frequent exacerbations and effects of treatment with tiotropiumInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2008312312618488435
- SinghDTiotropium more knowledge leads to more questionsInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis20083iii
- KawayamaTHoshinoTIchikiMKurume COPD Study Group Effect of addon therapy of tiotropium in COPD treated with theophyllineInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2008313714718488437
- KestenSCassaburiRKukafkaDCooperCBImprovement in selfreported exercise participation with the combination of tiotropium and rehabilitative training in COPD patientsInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2008312713618488436
- JohanssonGLindbergARombergKNordströmLGerkenFRoquetABronchodilator efficacy of tiotropium in patients with mild to moderate COPDPrim Care Respir J20081716917518536860
- AndòFRuggeriPGirbinoGCazzolaMTiotropium and salmeterol/fluticasone combination do not cause oxygen desaturation in COPDRespir Med200810281581818343646
- HaagSMatthiesenSJuergensURRackéKMuscarinic receptors mediate stimulation of collagen synthesis in human lung fibroblastsEur Respir J20083255556218480105
- CasaburiRMahlerDAJonesPWWannerASanPGZuWallackRLA longterm evaluation of oncedaily inhaled tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseEur Respir J20021921722411866001
- VinckenWvan NoordJAGreefhorstAPDutch/Belgian Tiotropium Study Group. Improved health outcomes in patients with COPD during 1 yr’s treatment with tiotropiumEur Respir J20021920921611871363
- NiewoehnerDERiceKCoteCPrevention of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with tiotropium, a once daily inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilatorAnn Intern Med200514331732616144890
- DonohueJFvan NoordJABatemanEDA 6 month, placebocontrolled study comparing lung function and health status changes in COPD patients treated with tiotropium or salmeterolChest2002122475512114338
- DecramerMCelliBTashkinDPClinical trial design considerations in assessing long-term functional impacts of tiotropium in COPD: the UPLIFT trialCOPD2004130331217136995
- TashkinDPCelliBSennSUPLIFT Study InvestigatorsA 4 year trial of tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseN Engl J Med20083591543155418836213
- AaronSDVandemheenKLFergussonDCanadian Thoracic Society/Canadian Respiratory Clinical Research Consortium. Tiotropium in combination with placebo, salmeterol, or fluticasonesalmeterol for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trialAnn Intern Med200714654555517310045
- SinghDBrooksJHaganGCahnAO’ConnorBJSuperiority of “triple” therapy with salmeterol/fluticasone propionate and tiotropium bromide versus individual components in moderate to severe COPDThorax20086359259818245142
- RabeKFTimmerWSagkriotisAVielKComparison of a combination of tiotropium and formoterol to salmeterol and fluticasone in moderate COPDChest200813425526218403672
- NajafzadehMMarraCASadatsafaviMCostEffectiveness of Therapy with Combinations of LongActing Bronchodilators and Inhaled Steroids for Treatment of COPDThorax20086396296718621985
- KudohSAzumaAYamamotoMIzumiTAndoMImprovement of survival in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis treated with low dose erythromycinAm J Respir Cri Care Med199815718291832
- TakedaHMiuraHKawahiraMLongterm administration study on TE031 (A56268) in the treatment of diffuse panbronchiolitisKansenshogaku Zasshi19896371782526188
- YamamotoMKondoATamuraMIzumiTInaYNodaMLongterm therapeutic effects of erythromycin and new quinolone antibacterial agents on diffuse panbronchiolitisNihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi199028130513132273658
- WolterJSeeneySBellSEffect of long term treatment with azithromycin on disease parameters in cystic fibrosis:a randomized trialThorax2002572126
- EquiABalfourLynnIMBushARosenthalMLong term azithromycin in children with cystic fibrosis:a randomised, placebocontrolled crossover trialLancet200236097898412383667
- SaimanLMarshallBCMayerHamblettNMacrolide Study GroupAzithromycin in patients with cystic fibrosis chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a randomized controlled trialJAMA20032901749175614519709
- ClementATamaletALerouxERavillySFaurouxBJaisJPLong term effects of azithromycin in patients with cystic fibrosis: a double blind, placebo controlled TrialThorax20066189590216809416
- SuzukiTYanaiMYamayaMErythromycin and Common Cold in COPDChest 1202001730733
- SeemungalTWilkinsonTMAHurstJRPereraWSapsfordRJWedzichaJALong term macrolide therapy is associated with decreased COPD exacerbation frequencyAm J Respir Crit Care Med20081781139114718723437
- RossiAKristufekPLevineBEFormoterol in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (FICOPD) II Study GroupComparison of the efficacy, tolerability and safety of formoterol dry powder and oral slow-release theophylline in treatment of COPDChest20021211058106911948033
- ZhouYWangXZengXPositive benefits of theophylline in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study of low-dose, slow-release theophylline in the treatment of COPD for 1 yearRespirology20061160361016916334
- RennardSISchachterNStrekMRickardKAmitOCilomilast for COPD: results of a 6 month, placebocontrolled study of a potent, selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4Chest2006129566616424413
- Fan ChungKPhosphodiesterase inhibitors in airways diseaseEur J Pharmacol200653311011716458289
- NicholKLBakenLNelsonARelation between influenza vaccination and out patient visits, hospitalisation and mortality in elderly patients with chronic lung diseaseAnn Intern Med199913039740310068413
- GrangerRWaltersJPoolePJInjectable vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCochrane Database Syst Rev20064CD00139017054135
- AlfagemeIVazquezRReyesNClinical efficacy of antipneumococcal vaccination in patients with COPDThorax20066118919516227328
- ColletJPDucruetTHaiderSEffect of an immunostimulating agent on acute exacerbations and hospitalization in COPD patientsAm J Respir Crit Care Med1997156171917249412546
- SprenkleMDNiewoehnerDEMacDonaldRRutksIWiltTJClinical efficacy of OM85 BV in COPD and chronic bronchitis:a systematic reviewCOPD2005216717517136978
- PoolePJBlackPNOral mucolytic drugs for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic reviewBMJ2001322127174 [Updated at Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006 Jul 19;3:CD001287]
- DecramerMRuttenvan MölkenMDekhuijzenPNEffects of Nacetyl cysteine on outcomes in COPD (BRONCHUS trial)Lancet2005365155260
- ZhengJPKangJHuangSGEffect of carbocisteine on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PEACE Study): a randomised placebocontrolled studyLancet20083712013201818555912
- GriffithsTLBurrMLCampbellIAResults at 1 year of outpatient multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitationLancet20003553626810665556
- BoxallAMBarclayLSayersACaplanGAManaging chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the community. A randomized controlled trial of homebased pulmonary rehabilitation for elderly housebound patientsJ Cardiopulm Rehabil20052537838516327534
- FoglioKBianchiLAmbrosinoNIs it really useful to repeat outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation programs in patients with chronic airway obstruction? A 2 year controlled studyChest20011191696170411399693
- RingbaekTJBrøndumEBoltonSMartinezGLangeP[Rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Effect of a 7 week programme after 12 months]Ugeskr Laeger20071691572157617484828
- PuhanMAScharplatzMTroostersTSteurerJRespiratory rehabilitation after acute exacerbation of COPD may reduce risk for readmission and mortality a systematic reviewRespir Res200565415943867
- FoglioKBianchiLBrulettiGSeven year time course of lung function, symptoms, healthrelated quality of life, and exercise tolerance in COPD patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation programsRespir Med20071011961197017531455
- Di MeoFPedoneCLubichSPizzoliCTraballesiMIncalziRAAge does not hamper the response to pulmonary rehabilitation of COPD patientsAge Ageing20083753053518565981
- GarciaAymerichJFarreroEFélezMAIzquierdoJMarradesRMAntóJMfor the Estudi del Factors de Risc d’Agudització de la MPOC investigatorsRisk factors of readmission to hospital for a COPD exacerbation: a prospective studyThorax20035810010512554887
- GarciaAymerichJLangePBenetMSchnohrPAntóJMRegular physical activity reduces hospital admission and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population based cohort studyThorax20066177277816738033
- LightowlerJVWedzichaJAElliottMWRamFSNoninvasive positive pressure ventilation to treat respiratory failure resulting from exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:Cochrane systematic review and metaanalysisBMJ200332618512543832
- TuggeyJMPlantPKElliottMWDomiciliary noninvasive ventilation for recurrent acidotic exacerbations of COPD: an economic analysisThorax20035886787114514940
- CliniESturaniCRossiAThe Italian multicentre study on noninvasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patientsEur Respir J20022052953812358325
- BudweiserSHitzlAPJörresRAImpact of noninvasive home ventilation on longterm survival in chronic hypercapnic COPD: a prospective observational studyInt J Clin Pract2007611516152217686094
- XiangPCZhangXYangJNThe efficacy and safety of long term home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in patients with stable severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseZhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi20073074675018218204
- WedzichaJAOutcome of longterm noninvasive positivepressure ventilationRespir Care Clin N Am2002855957312602415
- Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group (NOTT)Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease:a clinical trialAnn Intern Med1980933913986776858
- 178Medical Research Council Working Party (MRC)Long term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysema: report of the Medical Research Council Working PartyLancet198116816866162061
- KimVBendittJOWiseRASharafkhanehAOxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseProc Am Thorac Soc2008551351818453364
- ChaouatAWeitzenblumEKesslerRA randomized trial of nocturnal oxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patientsEur Respir J1999141002100810596681
- TanniSEValeSALopesPSGuiotokoMMGodoyIGodoyIInfluence of the oxygen delivery system on the quality of life of patients with chronic hypoxemiaJ Bras Pneumol20073316116717724535
- Breekveldt-PostmaNSKoerselmanJErkensJALammersJWHeringsRMEnhanced persistence with tiotropium compared with other respiratory drugs in COPDRespir Med20071011398140517368011
- BlaisLBourbeauJSheehyOLeLorierJInhaled corticosteroids in COPD: determinants of use and trends in patient persistence with treatmentCan Respir J200411273215010729
- FergusonGTFunckBrentanoCFischerTDarkenPReisnerCCardiovascular safety of salmeterol in COPDChest20031231817182412796155
- RodrigoGJNanniniLJRodríguezRoisinRSafety of longacting betaagonists in stable COPD: a systematic reviewChest2008133107987
- BarrRGBourbeauJCamargoCARamFSTiotropium for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysisThorax200661854862 Erratum in: Thorax. 2006;62:19116844726
- SinghSLokeYKFurbergCDInhaled anticholinergics and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and metaanalysisJAMA20083001439145018812535
- AlsaeediASinDDMcAlisterFAThe effects of inhaled corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:a systematic review of randomized placebocontrolled trialsAm J Med2002113596512106623
- GarbeESuissaSLeLorierAssociation of inhaled corticosteroid use with cataract extraction in elderly patentsJAMA19982805395439707144
- CummingRGMitchellPLeederSRUse of inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of cataractsN Engl J Med19973378149203425
- WongCAWalshLJSmithCJInhaled corticosteroid use and bonemineral density in patients with asthmaLancet20003551399140310791523
- LipworthBJSystemic adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroid therapy: A systematic review and metaanalysisArch Intern Med199915994195510326936
- GoldkornADiottoPBurgessCThe pulmonary and extrapulmonary effects of highdose formoterol in COPD: a comparison with salbutamolRespirology2004910210814982610
- RosenkranzBRouzierRKruseMSafety and tolerability of highdose formoterol (via Aerolizer) and salbutamol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseRespir Med200610066667216303295
- CampbellSCCrinerGJLevineBECardiac safety of formoterol 12 microg twice daily in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePulm Pharmacol Ther20072057157916911869
- ShethKWassermanRLLincourtWRLocantoreNWCarranzaRosenzweigJCrimCFluticasone propionate/salmeterol hydrofluoroalkane via metereddose inhaler with integrated dose counter: Performance and patient satisfactionInt J Clin Pract2006601218122416981966
- LavoriniFMagnanADubusJCEffect of incorrect use of dry powder inhalers on management of patients with asthma and COPDRespir Med200810259360418083019
- JanssensWVandenBrandePHardemanEInspiratory flow rates at different levels of resistance in elderly COPD patientsEur Respir J200831788317898020
- JarvisSIndPWShinerRJInhaled therapy in elderly COPD patients; time for reevaluation?Age Ageing20073622138
- AlShowairRATarsinWYAssiKHPearsonSBChrystynHCan all patients with COPD use the correct inhalation flow with all inhalers and does training helpRespir Med20071012395240117629471
- BartaSKCrawfordARobertsCMSurvey of patients’ views of domiciliary nebuliser treatment for chronic lung diseaseRespir Med20029637538112117035
- SeemungalTARWedzichaJAIntegrated care: a new model for COPD management?Eur Respir J20062813
- van CampenCSixmaHJKerssensJJPetersLAssessing noninstitutionalized asthma and COPD patients’ priorities and perceptions of quality of health careJ Asthma1997345315389428299
- SixmaHJvan CampenCKerssensJJPetersLQuality of care from the perspective of elderly people: the QUOTEelderly instrumentAge Ageing200029173810690690
- BourbeauJJulienMMaltaisFChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease axis of the Respiratory Network Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec. 2003. Reduction of hospital utilization in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a disease-specific selfmanagement interventionArch Intern Med200316358559112622605
- SridharMTaylorRDawsonSRobertsNJPartridgeMRA nurse led intermediate care package in patients who have been hospitalised with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax20086319420017901162
- TaylorSJCandyBBryarRM2005Effectiveness of nursing and nurse led chronic disease management innovations for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review of evidenceBMJ200533148516093253
- CasasATroostersTGarciaAymerichJmembers of the CHRONIC Project. Integrated care prevents hospitalisations for exacerbations in COPD patientsEur Respir J20062812313016611656
- GarciaAymerichJHernandezCAlonsoAEffects of an integrated care intervention on risk factors of COPD readmissionRespir Med20071011462146917339106
- MonninkhofEvan der ValkPSchermerTvan der PalenJvan HerwaardenCZielhuisGEconomic evaluation of a comprehensive selfmanagement programme in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive diseaseChron Respir Dis2004171616281663
- SteutenLVrijhoefBVan MerodeFWesselingGJSpreeuwenbergCEvaluation of a regional disease management programme for patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseInt J Qual Health Care20061842943617032687
- LacasseYGoldsteinRLassersonTJMartinSPulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCochrane Database Syst Rev20064CD00379317054186