74
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Multiple roles and therapeutic implications of Akt signaling in cancer

, &
Pages 135-150 | Published online: 05 Jun 2009

References

  • VivancoISawyersCLThe phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Akt pathway in human cancerNat Rev Cancer2002248950112094235
  • SarbassovDDGuertinDAAliSMSabatiniDMPhosphorylation and regulation of Akt/PKB by the rictor-mTOR complexScience20053071098110115718470
  • OsakiMOshimuraMItoHPI3K-Akt pathway: its functions and alterations in human cancerApoptosis2004966767615505410
  • ManningBDCantleyLCAkt/PKB signaling: navigating downstreamCell20071291261127417604717
  • LuoJManningBDCantleyLCTargeting the PI3K-Akt pathway in human cancer: rationale and promiseCancer Cell2003425726214585353
  • LiYDowbenkoDLaskyLAAkt/PKB phosphorylation of p21Cip/WAF1 enhances protein stability of p21Cip/WAF1 and promotes cell survivalJ Biol Chem2002277113521136111756412
  • WullschlegerSLoewithRHallMNTOR signaling in growth and metabolismCell200612447148416469695
  • MamaneYPetroulakisELeBacquerOSonenbergNmTOR, translation initiation and cancerOncogene200625486416642217041626
  • MartinDEHallMNThe expanding TOR signaling networkCurr Opin Cell Biol200517215816615780592
  • JacintoELoewithRSchmidtAMammalian TOR complex 2 controls the actin cytoskeleton and is rapamycin insensitiveNat Cell Biol20046111122112815467718
  • WanXHarkavyBShenNGroharPHelmanLJRapamycin induces feedback activation of Akt signaling through an IGF-1R-dependent mechanismOncogene2007261932194017001314
  • O’ReillyKERojoFSheQBmTOR inhibition induces upstream receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and activates AktCancer Res2006661500150816452206
  • Di CosimoSScaltritiMValDPI3-K/Akt/mTOR pathway as a target for breast cancer therapy2007 ASCO Annual Meeting. Abstract No. 3511
  • BjornstiMAHoughtonPJThe TOR pathway: a target for cancer therapyNat Rev Cancer2004433534815122205
  • SeeligerHGubaMKleespiesAJauchKWBrunsCJRole of mTOR in solid tumor systems: a therapeutical target against primary tumor growth, metastases, and angiogenesisCancer Metastasis Rev20072661162117713840
  • PantuckAJSeligsonDBKlatteTPrognostic relevance of the mTOR pathway in renal cell carcinoma: implications for molecular patient selection for targeted therapyCancer2007109112257226717440983
  • ChanTORittenhouseSETsichlisPNAkt/PKB and other D3 phosphoinositide-regulated kinases: kinase activation by phosphoinositide-dependent phosphorylationAnnu Rev Biochem199968965101410872470
  • HillMMClarkSFTuckerDFBirnbaumMJJamesDEMacaulaySLA role for protein kinase Bbeta/Akt2 in insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in adipocytesMol Cell Biol1999197771778110523666
  • SummersSAWhitemanELChoHLipfertLBirnbaumMJDifferentiation-dependent suppression of platelet-derived growth factor signaling in cultured adipocytesJ Biol Chem1999274238582386710446150
  • CaleraMRMartinezCLiuHJackAKBirnbaumMJPilchPFInsulin increases the association of Akt-2 with Glut4-containing vesiclesJ Biol Chem1998273720172049516411
  • KupriyanovaTAKandrorKVAkt-2 binds to Glut4-containing vesicles and phosphorylates their component proteins in response to insulinJ Biol Chem1999274145814649880520
  • HunterSJGarveyWTInsulin action and insulin resistance: diseases involving defects in insulin receptors, signal transduction, and the glucose transport effector systemAm J Med19981053313459809695
  • ChoHMuJKimJKInsulin resistance and a diabetes mellitus-like syndrome in mice lacking the protein kinase Akt2 (PKB beta)Science20012921728173111387480
  • ChenWSXuPZGottlobKGrowth retardation and increased apoptosis in mice with homozygous disruption of the Akt1 geneGenes Dev20012203220811544177
  • ChoHThorvaldsenJLChuQFengFBirnbaumMJAkt1/PKBalpha is required for normal growth but dispensable for maintenance of glucose homeostasis in miceJ Biol Chem2001276383493835211533044
  • SerginaNVRauschMWangDEscape from HER-family tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy by the kinase-inactive HER3Nature200744543744117206155
  • BellacosaAKumarCCDi CristofanoATestaJRActivation of Akt kinases in cancer: implications for therapeutic targetingAdv Cancer Res200594298616095999
  • SamuelsYDiazLAJrSchmidt-KittlerOMutant PIK3CA promotes cell growth and invasion of human cancer cellsCancer Cell20057656157315950905
  • Rodriguez-VicianaPWarnePHDhandRPhosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase as a direct target of RasNature19943705275328052307
  • MaruYMolecular biology of chronic myeloid leukemiaInt J Hematol20017330832211345196
  • CicenasJThe potential role of Akt phosphorylation in human cancersInt J Biol Markers20082311918409144
  • EngelmanJALuoJCantleyLCThe evolution of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases as regulators of growth and metabolismNat Rev Genet2006760661916847462
  • NagataYLanKHZhouXPTEN activation contributes to tumor inhibition by trastuzumab, and loss of PTEN predicts trastuzumab resistance in patientsCancer Cell2004611712715324695
  • FukudaRHayashiAUtsunomiyaAAlteration of phosphati-dylinositol 3-kinase cascade in the multilobulated nuclear formation of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2005102152131521816217039
  • KnobbeCBReifenbergerJBlaschkeBReifenbergerGHypermethylation and transcriptional downregulation of the carboxyl-terminal modulator protein gene in glioblastomasJ Natl Cancer Inst20049648348615026474
  • CohenHTMcGovernFJRenal-cell carcinomaN Engl J Med20053532477249016339096
  • HaaseVHThe VHL/HIF oxygen-sensing pathway and its relevance to kidney diseaseKidney Int2006691302130716531988
  • SemenzaGLTargeting HIF-1 for cancer therapyNat Rev Cancer2003372173213130303
  • HudesGCarducciMTomczakPA phase III, randomized, 3-arm study of Temsirolimus (TEMSR) or interferon-α (IFN) or the combination of TEMSR + IFN in the treatment of first-line, poor-risk patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. ASCO Annual Meeting ProceedingsJ Clin Oncol200624Abstract LBA4.
  • HollandWSPreclinical rationale for combination targeted therapy in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC): Abrogation of rapamycin-mediated induction of Akt phosphorylation by perifosine2008 ASCO Annual Meeting. Abstract-No. 16083
  • ChoDSignorettiSReganMMierJWAtkinsMBThe role of mamma lian target of rapamycin inhibitors in the treatment of advanced renal cancerClin Cancer Res200713(2 Pt 2):758s763s17255306
  • ThomasGVTranCMellinghoffIKHypoxia-inducible factor determines sensitivity to inhibitors of mTOR in kidney cancerNat Med20061212212716341243
  • ShiYGeraJHuLEnhanced sensitivity of multiple myeloma cells containing PTEN mutations to CCI-779Cancer Res2002625027503412208757
  • HudesGCarducciMTomczakPGlobal ARCC TrialTemsirolimus, interferon alfa, or both for advanced renal-cell carcinomaN Engl J Med2007356222271228117538086
  • MotzerJRAD001 vs placebo in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after progression on VEGFr-TKI therapy: Results from a randomized, double-blind, multicenter Phase-III study R2008 ASCO Annual Meeting. Abstract No. LBA5026.
  • CleatorSHellerWCoombesRCTriple-negative breast cancer: therapeutic optionsLancet Oncol2007823524417329194
  • Gonzalez-AnguloAMHennessyBTMeric-BernstamFActivation of the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway is inversely associated with estrogen receptor levels and correlates with survival in hormone receptor-positive Her2/neu-negative breast cancerJ Clin Oncol20072518SAbstract No. 10588
  • Stemke-HaleKGonzalez-AnguloAMLluchAAn integrative genomic and proteomic analysis of PIK3CA, PTEN, and Akt mutations in breast cancerCancer Res200868156084609118676830
  • Alaoui-JamaliMAPatersonJAl MoustafaAEYenLThe role of ErbB-2 tyrosine kinase receptor in cellular intrinsic chemoresistance: mechanisms and implicationsBiochem Cell Biol1997753153259493954
  • KurokawaHArteagaCLInhibition of erbB receptor (HER) tyrosine kinases as a strategy to abrogate antiestrogen resistance in human breast cancerClin Cancer Res20017Suppl4436s4442sdiscussion 4411s–4412s11916237
  • OlayioyeMANeveRMLaneHAHynesNEThe ErbB signaling network: receptor heterodimerization in development and cancerEMBO J2000193159316710880430
  • ZhouXTanMStone HawthorneVActivation of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin/4EBP-1 pathway by ErbB2 overexpression predicts tumor progression in breast cancersClin Cancer Res2004106779678815501954
  • NahtaRYuanLXDuYEstevaFJLapatinib induces apoptosis in trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cells: effects on insulin-like growth factor I signalingMol Cancer Ther2007666767417308062
  • ClarkASWestKStreicherSDennisPAConstitutive and inducible Akt activity promotes resistance to chemotherapy, trastuzumab, or tamoxifen in breast cancer cellsMol Cancer Ther2002170771712479367
  • SheQBSolitDBassoAMoasserMMResistance to gefitinib in PTEN-null HER-overexpressing tumor cells can be overcome through restoration of PTEN function or pharmacologic modulation of constitutive phosphatidylinositol 3’-kinase/Akt pathway signalingClin Cancer Res200394340434614555504
  • BiancoRShinIRitterCALoss of PTEN/MMAC1/TEP in EGF receptor-expressing tumor cells counteracts the antitumor action of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitorsOncogene2003222812282212743604
  • MoasserMMBassoAAverbuchSDRosenNThe tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZD1839 (“Iressa”) inhibits HER2-driven signaling and suppresses the growth of HER2-overexpressing tumor cellsCancer Res2001617184718811585753
  • BrognardJClarkASNiYDennisPAAkt/protein kinase B is constitutively active in non-small cell lung cancer cells and promotes cellular survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiationCancer Res2001613986399711358816
  • TokunagaEKataokaAKimuraYThe association between Akt activation and resistance to hormone therapy in metastatic breast cancerEur J Cancer20064262963516464571
  • CarpenterJTRocheHCamponeMRandomized 3-arm, phase 2 study of temsirolimus (CCI-779) in combination with letrozole in postmenopausal women with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer [abstract]Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol200523564
  • TaberneroJRojoFBurrisHA phase I study with tumor molecular pharmacodynamic (MPD) evaluation of dose and schedule of the oral mTOR-inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors [abstract]Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol2005233007
  • BaselgaJSemiglazovVvan DamPPhase II double-blind randomized trial of daily oral RAD001 (everolimus) plus letrozole (LET) or placebo (P) plus LET as neoadjuvant therapy for ER+ breast cancer [abstract]San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium20072066
  • TsurutaniJFukuokaJTsurutaniHEvaluation of two phosphorylation sites improves the prognostic significance of Akt activation in non-small-cell lung cancer tumorsJ Clin Oncol20062430631416330671
  • TsurutaniJSteinbergSMBallasMPrognostic significance of clinical factors and Akt activation in patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinomaLung Cancer20075511512117097759
  • TangJMHeQYGuoRXChangXJPhosphorylated Akt 1 and loss of PTEN expression in non-small cell lung cancer confers poor prognosisLung Cancer20065118119116324768
  • SordellaRBellDWHaberDASettlemanJGefitinib-sensitizing EGFR mutations in lung cancer activate anti-apoptotic pathwaysScience20043051163116715284455
  • CappuzzoFHirschFRRossiEEpidermal growth factor receptor gene and protein and gefitinib sensitivity in non-small-cell lung cancerJ Natl Cancer Inst20059764365515870435
  • HanSWHwangPGChungDHEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) downstream molecules as response predictive markers for gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839) in chemotherapy-resistant non-small cell lung cancerInt J Cancer200511310911515386420
  • TracySMukoharaTHansenMMeyersonMJohnsonBEJännePAGefitinib induces apoptosis in the EGFRL858R non-small-cell lung cancer cell line H3255Cancer Res2004647241724415492241
  • VideticGMStittLWDarARContinued cigarette smoking by patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer is associated with decreased survivalJ Clin Oncol2003211544154912697879
  • CarlisleDLLiuXHopkinsTMSwickMCDhirRSiegfriedJMNicotine activates cell-signaling pathways through muscle-type and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in non-small cell lung cancer cellsPulm Pharmacol Ther20072062964117015027
  • TsurutaniJCastilloSSBrognardJTobacco components stimulate Akt-dependent proliferation and NFkappaB-dependent survival in lung cancer cellsCarcinogenesis2005261182119515790591
  • JimenoAHidalgoMMolecular biomarkers: their increasing role in the diagnosis, characterization, and therapy guidance in pancreatic cancerMol Cancer Ther2006578779616648548
  • ZhangYBanerjeeSWangZAntitumor activity of epidermal growth factor receptor-related protein is mediated by inactivation of ErbB receptors and nuclear factor-kappaB in pancreatic cancerCancer Res2006661025103216424038
  • WangZSenguptaRBanerjeeSEpidermal growth factor receptor-related protein inhibits cell growth and invasion in pancreatic cancerCancer Res2006667653766016885366
  • BuckEEyzaguirreABrownERapamycin synergizes with the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor erlotinib in non-small-cell lung, pancreatic, colon, and breast tumorsMol Cancer Ther200652676268417121914
  • NelsonECEvansCPMackPCDevere-WhiteRWLaraPNInhibition of Akt pathways in the treatment of prostate cancerProstate Cancer Prostatic Dis20071033133917471291
  • WangYKreisbergJIGhoshPMCross-talk between the androgen receptor and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway in prostate cancerCurr Cancer Drug Targets2007759160417896924
  • XuRQiuMHanBThe prognostic impact of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and p-Akt expressions in gastric adenocarcinoma [abstract]J Clin Oncol200826suppl4560
  • OkiEBabaHTokunagaEAkt phosphorylation associates with LOH of PTEN and leads to chemoresistance for gastric cancerInt J Cancer200511737638015900596
  • OkiEKakejiYTokunagaEAkt-mediated YB-1 phosphorylation induces resistance for chemotherapy of gastric cancer [abstract]. ASCO Annual Meeting ProceedingsJ Clin Oncol20074554
  • MurakamiDTsujitaniSOsakiTExpression of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) in gastric carcinoma predicts prognosis and efficacy of chemotherapyGastric Cancer200710455117334718
  • D‘ErricoAFiorentinoMPonzettoALiver hepatocyte growth factor does not always correlate with hepatocellular proliferation in human liver lesions: its specific receptor c-met doesHepatology19962460648707284
  • SuzukiAHayashidaMKawanoHSugimotoKNakanoTShirakiKHepatocyte growth factor promotes cell survival from Fas-mediated cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via Akt activation and Fas-death–inducing signaling complex suppressionHepatology200032(4 Pt 1):79680211003625
  • NakamuraMNaganoHSakonMRole of the Fas/FasL pathway in combination therapy with interferon-alpha and fluorouracil against hepatocellular carcinoma in vitroJ Hepatol200746778817045692
  • SchifferEHoussetCCacheuxWGefitinib, an EGFR inhibitor, prevents hepatocellular carcinoma development in the rat liver with cirrhosisHepatology20054130731415660382
  • LundPSchubertDNiketeghadFSchirmacherPAutocrine inhibition of chemotherapy response in human liver tumor cells by insulin-like growth factor-IICancer Lett2004206859615019164
  • Desbois-MouthonCCacheuxWBlivet-Van EggelpoëlMJImpact of IGF-1R/EGFR cross-talks on hepatoma cell sensitivity to gefitinibInt J Cancer20061192557256616988945
  • HjelmelandABLattimoreKPFeeBEThe combination of novel low molecular weight inhibitors of RAF (LBT613) and target of rapamycin (RAD001) decreases glioma proliferation and invasionMol Cancer Ther200762449245717766837
  • SarteletHCastainMFabreMActivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in neuroblastoma2007 ASCO Annual Meeting. Abstract No. 9523
  • JiangBHLiuLZRole of mTOR in anticancer drug resistance: perspectives for improved drug treatmentDrug Resist Updat2008113637618440854
  • JohnstonSRLearyAMartinLASmithIEDowsettMEnhancing endocrine response with novel targeted therapies: why have the clinical trials to date failed to deliver on the preclinical promise?Cancer20081123 Suppl71071718072235
  • KolasaIKRembiszewskaAFelisiakAPIK3CA amplification associates with resistance to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patientsCancer Biol Ther200911781[Epub ahead of print].
  • GuerreiroASFattetSFischerBTargeting the PI3K p110alpha isoform inhibits medulloblastoma proliferation, chemoresistance, and migrationClin Cancer Res200814216761676918980969
  • WolpinBMHezelAFAbramsTOral mTOR inhibitor everolimus in patients with gemcitabine-refractory metastatic pancreatic cancerJ Clin Oncol200927219319819047305
  • GhayadSEBiecheIVendrellJAmTOR inhibition reverses acquired endocrine therapy resistance of breast cancer cells at the cell proliferation and gene-expression levelsCancer Sci200899101992200319016759
  • StaufferFGarcia-EcheverirriaCFuretPBiochemical, cellular, and in vivo profiling of a new PI3K inhibitor from the imidazoquinoline seriesLos Angeles, CAAmerican Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2007Apr 14–18, 2007
  • HutsonTEFiglinRAExperimental therapy for advanced renal cell carcinomaExpert Opin Investig Drugs2008171116931702
  • YaoJPhanAChangDPhase II study of RAD001 (everolimus) and depot octreotide (Sandostatin LAR) in patients with advanced low grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (LGNET) [abstract]. ASCO 2006 Annual Meeting ProceedingsJ Clin Oncol20062418 Suppl404216921066
  • LoPiccoloJGranvilleCAGillsJJDennisPATargeting Akt in cancer therapyAnticancer Drugs20071886187417667591
  • QunLiRecent progress in the discovery of Akt inhibitors as anticancer agentsExpert Opin Ther Patents20071710771130
  • MollinedoFAntitumour ether lipids: proapoptotic agents with multiple therapeutic indicationsExpert Opin Ther Patents200717385405
  • AllertonJPEbrahimiBSchreederMTPhase I report from a multicenter trial of perifosine (PERI) + sunitinib (SUT) in patients with advanced cancers including renal cell carcinoma (RCC)2008 ASCO Annual Meeting Abstract No. 14565.
  • MohapatraSChuBZhaoXCombination inhibition of Cdk9 and Akt induces apoptosis of metastatic prostate cancer cells [abstract]Los Angeles, CAAnnual Meeting of American Association for Cancer Research20075399
  • KumarRRhodesNKnickVBGSK690693, a pan-Akt kinase inhibitor has potent anti-tumor activity and shows additive effect with lapatinib [abstract]Los Angeles, CAAnnual Meeting of American Association for Cancer Research2007279
  • RhodesNKnickVBMcConnellRGSK690693, a pan-Akt kinase inhibitor with potent pharmacodynamic and antitumor activity in vivo [abstract]Los Angeles, CAAnnual Meeting of American Association for Cancer Research2007277
  • DummlerBHemmingsBAPhysiological roles of PKB/Akt isoforms in development and diseaseBiochem Soc Trans20073523123517371246
  • DonaldAMcHardyTRowlandsMGRapid evolution of 6-phenylpurine inhibitors of protein kinase B through structure-based designJ Med Chem2007502289229217451235
  • SunSYRosenbergLMWangXActivation of Akt and eIF4E survival pathways by rapamycin-mediated mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitionCancer Res2005657052705816103051
  • ShiYYanHFrostPMammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors activate the Akt kinase in multiple myeloma cells by up-regulating the insulin-like growth factor receptor/insulin receptor substrate-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascadeMol Cancer Ther200541533154016227402
  • LuoYSmithRAGuanRPseudosubstrate peptides inhibit Akt and induce cell growth inhibitionBiochemistry2004431254126314756561
  • ZhuGDGandhiVBGongJSyntheses of potent, selective, and orally bioavailable indazole-pyridine series of protein kinase B/Akt inhibitors with reduced hypotensionJ Med Chem2007502990300317523610
  • MarshallJPoseyJHwangSA phase I trial of RX-0201 (Akt anti-sense) in patients with an advanced cancer2007 ASCO Annual Meeting. Abstract No. 3564.
  • DavidOJettJLeBeauHDyGHughesJFriedmanMBrodyARPhospho-Akt overexpression in non-small cell lung cancer confers significant stage-independent survival disadvantageClin Cancer Res20041510(20)6865687115501963
  • SoriaJCLeeHYLeeJIWangLIssaJPKempBLLack of PTEN expression in non-small cell lung cancer could be related to promoter methylationClin Cancer Res20025851178118412006535
  • SteelmanLSStadelmanKMChappellWHHornSBäseckeJCervelloMAkt as a therapeutic target in cancerExpert Opin Ther Targets200812911391165Review.18694380
  • HoriguchiAOyaMUchidaAMarumoKMuraiMElevated Akt activation and its impact on clinicopathological features of renal cell carcinomaJ Urol200316971071312544348
  • Shin LeeJSeok KimHBok KimYCheol LeeMSoo ParkCExpression of PTEN in renal cell carcinoma and its relation to tumor behavior and growthJ Surg Oncol20038416617214598361
  • BjornssonJShortMPKwiatkowskiDJHenskeEPTuberous sclerosis-associated renal cell carcinoma. Clinical, pathological, and genetic featuresAm J Pathol1996149120112088863669
  • ZhouXActivation of the Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin/4E-BP1 Pathway by ErbB2 Overexpression Predicts Tumor Progression in Breast CancersClin Cancer Res2004106779678815501954
  • BacusSSAltomareDALyassLChinDMFarrellMPGurovaKAkt2 is frequently upregulated in HER-2/neu-positive breast cancers and may contribute to tumor aggressiveness by enhancing cell survivalOncogene200251621223532354012032855
  • LiJYenCLiawDPodsypaninaKBoseSWangSIPucJPTEN, a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase gene mutated in human brain, breast, and prostate cancerScience199728,275(5308)194319479072974
  • SaalLHHolmKMaurerMMemeoLSuTWangXPIK3CA mutations correlate with hormone receptors, node metastasis, and ERBB2, and are mutually exclusive with PTEN loss in human breast carcinomaCancer Res2005652554255915805248
  • FrancalanciPDiomedi-CamasseiFPurificatoCSantorelliFMGiannottiADominiciCMalignant pancreatic endocrine tumor in a child with tuberous sclerosisAm J Surg Pathol20031027101386138914508401
  • SteelmanLSStadelmanKMChappellWHHornSBäseckeJCervelloMAkt as a therapeutic target in cancerExpert Opin Ther Targets200812911391165Review.18694380
  • McCallPWittonCJGrimsleySNielsenKVEdwardsJIs PTEN loss associated with clinical outcome measures in human prostate cancer?Br J Cancer20089981296130118854827
  • ItohNSembaSItoMTakedaHKawataSYamakawaMPhosphorylation of Akt/PKB is required for suppression of cancer cell apoptosis and tumor progression in human colorectal carcinomaCancer200261594123127313412115344
  • FrattiniMSignoroniSPilottiSBertarioLBenvenutiSZanonCPhosphatase protein homologue to tensin expression and phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphate kinase mutations in colorectal cancerCancer Res200565231122716322273
  • SamuelsYVelculescuVEOncogenic mutations of PIK3CA in human cancersCell Cycle2004103101221122415467468
  • TaberneroJRojoFBurrisHA phase I study with tumor molecular pharmacodynamic (MPD) evaluation of dose and schedule of the oral mTOR-inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors –lsqb;Abstr]Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol200523Abstr 3007.
  • CappuzzoFHirschFRRossiEEpidermal growth factor receptor gene and protein and gefitinib sensitivity in non-small-cell lung cancerJ Natl Cancer Inst20059764365515870435
  • HanSWHwangPGChungDHEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) downstream molecules as response predictive markers for gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839) in chemotherapy-resistant non-small cell lung cancerInt J Cancer200511310911515386420
  • TracySMukoharaTHansenMMeyersonMJohnsonBEJännePAGefitinib induces apoptosis in the EGFRL858R non-small-cell lung cancer cell line H3255Cancer Res2004647241724415492241
  • WangYKreisbergJIGhoshPMCross-talk between the androgen receptor and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway in prostate cancerCurr Cancer Drug Targets20077591604Review.17896924
  • NelsonECEvansCPMackPCDevere-WhiteRWLaraPNInhibition of Akt pathways in the treatment of prostate cancerProstate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases200719