415
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

&
Pages 1153-1163 | Published online: 28 Dec 2022

References

  • AbdelmalekMFAnguloPBetaine, a promising new agent for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a pilot studyAm J Gastroenterol20019627111711569700
  • AbdelmalekMFSandersonSOBetaine for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. AASLD, October, 2006. Final ID:33Hepatology200644Suppl 1200A
  • AdamsLALympJFThe natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort studyGastroenterology20051291132116012941
  • AdamsLAZeinCOA pilot trial of pentoxifylline in nonalcoholic steatohepatitisAm J Gastroenterol2004992365815571584
  • AleffiSPetraiIUpregulation of proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokines by leptin in human hepatic stellate cellsHepatology20054213394816317688
  • AndersenTGluudCHepatic effects of dietary weight loss in morbidly obese subjectsJ Hepatol19911222492051001
  • AnguloPNAFLD, obesity, and bariatric surgeryGastroenterology200613018485216697746
  • AnguloPKeachJCIndependent predictors of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisHepatology19993013566210573511
  • AntonopoulosSMikrosSRosuvastatin as a novel treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in hyperlipidemic patientsAtherosclerosis2006184233416168995
  • ArkanMCHevenerALIKK-beta links inflammation to obesity-induced insulin resistanceNat Med200511191815685170
  • AssyNKaitaKFatty infiltration of liver in hyperlipidemic patientsDig Dis Sci20004519293411117562
  • BaconBRFarahvashMJNonalcoholic steatohepatitis: an expanded clinical entityGastroenterology1994107110397523217
  • BajajMSuraamornkulSDecreased plasma adiponectin concentrations are closely related to hepatic fat content and hepatic insulin resistance in pioglitazone-treated type 2 diabetic patientsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab200489200614715850
  • BarkerKBPalekarNANon-alcoholic steatohepatitis: effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgeryAm J Gastroenterol20061013687316454845
  • BasaranogluMAcbayOA controlled trial of gemfibrozil in the treatment of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisJ Hepatol199931384
  • BatallerRGabeleEProlonged infusion of angiotensin II into normal rats induces stellate cell activation and proinflammatory events in liverAm J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol2003285G6425112773299
  • BatallerRSancho-BruPLiver fibrogenesis: a new role for the renin-angiotensin systemAntioxid Redox Signal2005713465516115040
  • BatallerRSchwabeRFNADPH oxidase signal transduces angiotensin II in hepatic stellate cells and is critical in hepatic fibrosisJ Clin Invest200311213839414597764
  • BegricheKIgoudjilAMitochondrial dysfunction in NASH: causes, consequences and possible means to prevent itMitochondrion2006612816406828
  • BelfortRHarrisonSAA placebo-controlled trial of pioglitazone in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisN Engl J Med2006355229730717135584
  • BellentaniSBedogniGThe epidemiology of fatty liverEur J Gastroenterol Hepatol20041610879315489565
  • BrowningJDSzczepaniakLSPrevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicityHepatology20044013879515565570
  • BugianesiEGentilcoreEA randomized controlled trial of metformin versus vitamin E or prescriptive diet in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseAm J Gastroenterol200510010829015842582
  • BugianesiELeoneNExpanding the natural history of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: from cryptogenic cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinomaGastroenterology20021231344012105842
  • CaiDYuanMLocal and systemic insulin resistance resulting from hepatic activation of IKK-beta and NF-kappaBNat Med2005111839015685173
  • CaldwellSHCrespoDMObesity and hepatocellular carcinomaGastroenterology2004127S9710315508109
  • CaldwellSHHespenheideEEA pilot study of a thiazolidinedione, troglitazone, in nonalcoholic steatohepatitisAm J Gastroenterol2001965192511232700
  • CalleEEThunMJBody-mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of U.S. adultsN Engl J Med1999341109710510511607
  • ChalasaniNAljadheyHPatients with elevated liver enzymes are not at higher risk for statin hepatotoxicityGastroenterology200412612879215131789
  • ChalasaniNGorskiJCHepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 activity in nondiabetic patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisHepatology2003375445012601351
  • ChalasaniNTealEEffect of rosiglitazone on serum liver biochemistries in diabetic patients with normal and elevated baseline liver enzymesAm J Gastroenterol200510013172115929763
  • ClarkJMAlkhuraishiARRoux-en-Y gastric bypass improves liver histology in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseObes Res2005131180616076987
  • ClarkJMBrancatiFLNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseGastroenterology200212216495712016429
  • CusiKConsoliAMetabolic effects of metformin on glucose and lactate metabolism in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitusJ Clin Endocrinol Metab1996814059678923861
  • Dam-LarsenSFranzmannMLong term prognosis of fatty liver: risk of chronic liver disease and deathGut200453750515082596
  • de MarcoRLocatelliFCause-specific mortality in type 2 diabetes. The Verona Diabetes StudyDiabetes Care1999227566110332677
  • DeFronzoRABarzilaiNMechanism of metformin action in obese and lean noninsulin-dependent diabetic subjectsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab19917312943011955512
  • DiehlAMTumor necrosis factor and its potential role in insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseClin Liver Dis2004861938x15331067
  • DixonJBBhathalPSNonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Improvement in liver histological analysis with weight lossHepatology20043916475415185306
  • EspositoKMarfellaREffect of a mediterranean-style diet on endothelial dysfunction and markers of vascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trialJAMA20042921440615383514
  • FeldsteinAECanbayAHepatocyte apoptosis and fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitisGastroenterology2003a1254374312891546
  • FeldsteinAECanbayADiet associated hepatic steatosis sensitizes to Fas mediated liver injury in miceJ Hepatol2003b399788314642615
  • FeldsteinAEWerneburgNWFree fatty acids promote hepatic lipotoxicity by stimulating TNF-alpha expression via a lysosomal pathwayHepatology2004401859415239102
  • FlegalKMCarrollMDOverweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960–1994Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord19982239479481598
  • GalliACrabbDWAntidiabetic thiazolidinediones inhibit collagen synthesis and hepatic stellate cell activation in vivo and in vitroGastroenterology200212219244012055599
  • HarrisonSAFinckeCA pilot study of orlistat treatment in obese, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patientsAliment Pharmacol Ther200420623815352910
  • HarrisonSATorgersonSVitamin E and vitamin C treatment improves fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisAm J Gastroenterol20039824859014638353
  • HasegawaTYonedaMPlasma transforming growth factor-beta1 level and efficacy of alpha-tocopherol in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot studyAliment Pharmacol Ther20011516677211564008
  • HernandezRTeruelTRosiglitazone ameliorates insulin resistance in brown adipocytes of Wistar rats by impairing TNF-alpha induction of p38 and p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinasesDiabetologia20044716152415365619
  • HorlanderJKwoPAtorvastatin for the treatment of NASHGastroenterology20015A-5442767 abstract
  • HuangMAGreensonJKOne-year intense nutritional counseling results in histological improvement in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot studyAm J Gastroenterol200510010728115842581
  • HuiJMKenchJGLong-term outcomes of cirrhosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis compared with hepatitis CHepatology200338420712883486
  • IwataMHarutaTPioglitazone ameliorates tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced insulin resistance by a mechanism independent of adipogenic activity of peroxisome proliferator – activated receptor-gammaDiabetes20015010839211334412
  • JamesPTRigbyNThe obesity epidemic, metabolic syndrome and future prevention strategiesEur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil2004113815167200
  • JiaDMTabaruATroglitazone prevents fatty changes of the liver in obese diabetic ratsJ Gastroenterol Hepatol20001511839111106100
  • JosephAESaverymuttuSHComparison of liver histology with ultrasonography in assessing diffuse parenchymal liver diseaseClin Radiol19914326311999069
  • KangHGreensonJKMetabolic syndrome is associated with greater histologic severity, higher carbohydrate, and lower fat diet in patients with NAFLDAm J Gastroenterol200610122475317032189
  • KharroubiILadriereLFree fatty acids and cytokines induce pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis by different mechanisms: role of nuclear factor-kappaB and endoplasmic reticulum stressEndocrinology200414550879615297438
  • KiyiciMGultenMUrsodeoxycholic acid and atorvastatin in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitisCan J Gastroenterol2003177131814679419
  • KleinSMittendorferBGastric bypass surgery improves metabolic and hepatic abnormalities associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseGastroenterology200613015647216697719
  • KleinerDEBruntEMDesign and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseHepatology20054131321
  • LaurinJLindorKDUrsodeoxycholic acid or clofibrate in the treatment of non-alcohol-induced steatohepatitis: a pilot studyHepatology199623146478675165
  • LavineJEVitamin E treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in children: a pilot studyJ Pediatr2000136734810839868
  • LeeYSutedjaDA randomized controlled double blind study of pentoxifylline in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)Hepatology200644Suppl 1654A
  • LinHZYangSQMetformin reverses fatty liver disease in obese, leptin-deficient miceNat Med20006998100310973319
  • LindorKDKowdleyKVUrsodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a randomized trialHepatology200439770814999696
  • LivingstonBEpidemiology of childhood obesity in EuropeEur J Pediatr2000159Suppl 1S143411011953
  • LoguercioCFedericoABeneficial effects of a probiotic VSL#3 on parameters of liver dysfunction in chronic liver diseasesJ Clin Gastroenterol200539540315942443
  • MarchesiniGBriziMMetformin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitisLancet2001358893411567710
  • MarchesiniGBriziMAssociation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistanceAm J Med1999107450510569299
  • MarchesiniGBugianesiENonalcoholic fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and the metabolic syndromeHepatology2003379172312668987
  • MarubbioATJrBuchwaldHHepatic lesions of central peri-cellular fibrosis in morbid obesity, and after jejunoileal bypassAm J Clin Pathol19766668491970370
  • MathurinPGonzalezFThe evolution of severe steatosis after bariatric surgery is related to insulin resistanceGastroenterology200613016172416697725
  • MattarSGVelcuLMSurgically-induced weight loss significantly improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the metabolic syndromeAnn Surg200524261017 discussion 618–2016192822
  • MatteoniCAYounossiZMNonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severityGastroenterology199911614131910348825
  • McCulloughAJFarrellGCGeorgeJHallPThe epidemiology and risk factors of NASHFatty liver disease: NASH and related disorders2005OxfordBlackwell2337
  • McCulloughAJThiazolidinediones for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis – promising but not ready for prime timeN Engl J Med20063552361317135591
  • MendlerMHKanelGProposal for a histological scoring and grading system for non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseLiver Int20052529430415780053
  • MillerER3rdPastor-BarriusoRMeta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortalityAnn Intern Med2005142374615537682
  • MitchellDGFocal manifestations of diffuse liver disease at MR imagingRadiology19921851111523289
  • MussoGGambinoRDietary habits and their relations to insulin resistance and postprandial lipemia in nonalcoholic steatohepatitisHepatology20033749091612668986
  • Neuschwander-TetriBABruntEMImproved nonalcoholic steatohepatitis after 48 weeks of treatment with the PPAR-gamma ligand rosiglitazoneHepatology20033810081714512888
  • Neuschwander-TetriBACaldwellSHNonalcoholic steatohepatitis: summary of an AASLD Single Topic ConferenceHepatology20033712021912717402
  • NietoNFriedmanSLCytochrome P450 2E1-derived reactive oxygen species mediate paracrine stimulation of collagen I protein synthesis by hepatic stellate cellsJ Biol Chem200227798536411782477
  • NietoNGreenwelPEthanol and arachidonic acid increase alpha 2(I) collagen expression in rat hepatic stellate cells overexpressing cytochrome P450 2E1. Role of H2O2 and cyclooxygenase-2J Biol Chem2000275201364510770928
  • PatelKZekryASteatosis and chronic hepatitis C virus infection: mechanisms and significanceClin Liver Dis20059399410vi16023973
  • Perez-CarrerasMDel HoyoPDefective hepatic mitochondrial respiratory chain in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisHepatology200338999100714512887
  • PetersenKFDufourSReversal of nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis, hepatic insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia by moderate weight reduction in patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetes200554603815734833
  • PowellEECooksleyWGThe natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a follow-up study of forty-two patients for up to 21 yearsHepatology19901174802295475
  • PrasadAQuyyumiAARenin-angiotensin system and angiotensin receptor blockers in the metabolic syndromeCirculation200411015071215364819
  • PromratKLutchmanGA pilot study of pioglitazone treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitisHepatology2004391889614752837
  • RallidisLSDrakoulisCKPravastatin in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a pilot studyAtherosclerosis2004174193615135271
  • RatziuVCharlotteFSampling variability of liver biopsy in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseGastroenterology2005128189890615940625
  • RatziuVCharlotteFA one year randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of rosiglitazone in non alcoholic steatohepatitis: results of the FLIRT pilot trialHepatology2006444 Suppl 1201A
  • ReevesHLBurtADHepatic stellate cell activation occurs in the absence of hepatitis in alcoholic liver disease and correlates with the severity of steatosisJ Hepatol199625677838938545
  • SaadehSYounossiZMThe utility of radiological imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseGastroenterology20021237455012198701
  • SabuncuTNazligulYThe effects of sibutramine and orlistat on the ultrasonographic findings, insulin resistance and liver enzyme levels in obese patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitisRom J Gastroenterol2003121899214502318
  • SamuelVTLiuZXMechanism of hepatic insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseJ Biol Chem2004279323455315166226
  • SanyalAJMofradPSA pilot study of vitamin E versus vitamin E and pioglitazone for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitisClin Gastroenterol Hepatol2004211071515625656
  • SatapathySKGargSBeneficial effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibition by pentoxifylline on clinical, biochemical, and metabolic parameters of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisAm J Gastroenterol20049919465215447754
  • SaxenaNKIkedaKLeptin in hepatic fibrosis: evidence for increased collagen production in stellate cells and lean littermates of ob/ob miceHepatology2002357627111915021
  • SaxenaNKTitusMALeptin as a novel profibrogenic cytokine in hepatic stellate cells: mitogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis mediated by extracellular regulated kinase (Erk) and Akt phosphorylationFaseb J20041816121415319373
  • SchwimmerJBMiddletonMSA phase 2 clinical trial of metformin as a treatment for non-diabetic paediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitisAliment Pharmacol Ther200521871915801922
  • ShadidSJensenMDEffect of pioglitazone on biochemical indices of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in upper body obesityClin Gastroenterol Hepatol20031384715017657
  • ShulmanGICellular mechanisms of insulin resistanceJ Clin Invest2000106171610903330
  • SiegelmanESRosenMAImaging of hepatic steatosisSemin Liver Dis200121718011296698
  • SilvermanJFO’BrienKFLiver pathology in morbidly obese patients with and without diabetesAm J Gastroenterol1990851349552220728
  • SilvermanJFPoriesWJLiver pathology in diabetes mellitus and morbid obesity. Clinical, pathological, and biochemical considerationsPathol Annu198924Pt 12753022654841
  • SolgaSAlkhuraisheARDietary composition and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseDig Dis Sci20044915788315573908
  • SorbiDBoyntonJThe ratio of aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase: potential value in differentiating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from alcoholic liver diseaseAm J Gastroenterol19999410182210201476
  • StrubenVMHespenheideEENonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cryptogenic cirrhosis within kindredsAm J Med200010891311059435
  • StumvollMNurjhanNMetabolic effects of metformin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitusN Engl J Med199533355047623903
  • SuzukiALindorKEffect of changes on body weight and lifestyle in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseJ Hepatol2005431060616140415
  • TeliMRJamesOFThe natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver: a follow-up studyHepatology1995221714197489979
  • TiikkainenMHakkinenAMEffects of rosiglitazone and met-formin on liver fat content, hepatic insulin resistance, insulin clearance, and gene expression in adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetes20045321697615277403
  • TolmanKGChandramouliJHepatotoxicity of the thiazolidinedionesClin Liver Dis2003736979vi12879989
  • UygunAKadayifciAMetformin in the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitisAliment Pharmacol Ther2004195374414987322
  • VajroPFranzeseALack of efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid for the treatment of liver abnormalities in obese childrenJ Pediatr20001367394310839869
  • WanlessIRLentzJSFatty liver hepatitis (steatohepatitis) and obesity: an autopsy study with analysis of risk factorsHepatology1990121106102227807
  • WeltmanMDFarrellGCHepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 is increased in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisHepatology199827128339425928
  • WillnerIRWatersBNinety patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: insulin resistance, familial tendency, and severity of diseaseAm J Gastroenterol20019629576111693332
  • YokohamaSTokusashiYInhibitory effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist on hepatic stellate cell activation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitisWorld J Gastroenterol200612322616482638
  • YokohamaSYonedaMTherapeutic efficacy of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitisHepatology2004401222515382153
  • YouMCrabbDWRecent advances in alcoholic liver disease II. Minireview: molecular mechanisms of alcoholic fatty liverAm J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol2004287G1615194557
  • Zelber-SagiSKesslerAA double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseClin Gastroenterol Hepatol200646394416630771