References
- AhimaRSFlierJSAdipose tissue as an endocrine organTrends Endocrinol Metab2000113273210996528
- AjossaSGuerrieroSPaolettiAMThe treatment of polycystic ovary syndromeMinerva Ginecol200456152614973407
- AlbertiKGZimmetPShawJMetabolic syndrome–a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes FederationDiabet Med2006234698016681555
- AlbertiKGZimmetPZDefinition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultationDiabet Med199815539539686693
- AndersonPJCritchleyJAChanJCFactor analysis of the metabolic syndrome: obesity vs insulin resistance as the central abnormalityInt J Obes Relat Metab Disord2001251782811781758
- AndersenPSeljeflotIAbdelnoorMIncreased insulin sensitivity and fibrinolytic capacity after dietary intervention in obese women with polycystic ovary syndromeMetabolism199544611167752909
- ArnerPHuman fat cell lipolysis: biochemistry, regulation and clinical roleBest Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab2005194718216311212
- AsuncionMCalvoRMSan MillanJLA prospective study of the prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected Caucasian women from SpainJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2000852434810902790
- AtiomoWUBatesSACondonJEThe plasminogen activator system in women with polycystic ovary syndromeFertil Steril199869236419496335
- AtiomoWUFoxRCondonJERaised plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is not an independent risk factor in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)2000524879210762292
- AzzizRWoodsKSReynaRThe prevalence and features of the polycystic ovary syndrome in an unselected populationJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2004892745915181052
- BahceciMTuzcuACanorucNSerum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and insulin resistance in non-obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, and effect of bicalutamide on hirsutism, CRP levels and insulin resistanceHorm Res200462283715542929
- BalenAHConwayGSKaltsasGPolycystic ovary syndrome: the spectrum of the disorder in 1741 patientsHum Reprod1995102107118567849
- BalenAHLavenJSTanSLUltrasound assessment of the polycystic ovary:international consensus definitionsHum Reprod Update200395051414714587
- BasdevantARaisonJGuy-GrandB[Influence of the distribution of body fat on vascular risk]Presse Med198716167702950448
- BhagatKVallancePEffects of cytokines on nitric oxide pathways in human vasculatureCurr Opin Nephrol Hypertens1999889969914865
- BickertonASClarkNMeekingDCardiovascular risk in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)J Clin Pathol200558151415677534
- BirdsallMAFarquharCMWhiteHDAssociation between polycystic ovaries and extent of coronary artery disease in women having cardiac catheterizationAnn Intern Med19971263258992921
- BitarMSWahidSMustafaSNitric oxide dynamics and endothelial dysfunction in type II model of genetic diabetesEur J Pharmacol2005511536415777779
- BrettenthalerNDe GeyterCHuberPREffect of the insulin sensitizer pioglitazone on insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and ovulatory dysfunction in women with polycystic ovary syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20048938354015292314
- CalvarCEIntebiADBengoleaSV[Leptin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Direct correlation with insulin resistance]Medicina (B Aires)2003637041014719312
- CarminaEKoyamaTChangLDoes ethnicity influence the prevalence of adrenal hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome?Am J Obstet Gynecol19921671807121471702
- CarminaEOrioFPalombaSEvidence for altered adipocyte function in polycystic ovary syndromeEur J Endocrinol20051523899415757855
- CarminaEOrioFPalombaSEndothelial dysfunction in PCOS: role of obesity and adipose hormonesAm J Med2006119356 e1616564785
- CarrDBUtzschneiderKMHullRLIntra-abdominal fat is a major determinant of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the metabolic syndromeDiabetes20045320879415277390
- CataldoNAAbbasiFMcLaughlinTLMetabolic and ovarian effects of rosiglitazone treatment for 12 weeks in insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndromeHum Reprod2006211092016155076
- CelermajerDSSorensenKEGoochVMNon-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosisLancet19923401111151359209
- CeliFSShuldinerARThe role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in diabetes and obesityCurr Diab Rep200221798512643137
- ChenYDSheuWHSwislockiALHigh density lipoprotein turnover in patients with hypertensionHypertension199117386931900259
- CibulaDCifkovaRFantaMIncreased risk of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and coronary artery disease in perimenopausal women with a history of the polycystic ovary syndromeHum Reprod200015785910739820
- ConwayGSAgrawalRBetteridgeDJRisk factors for coronary artery disease in lean and obese women with the polycystic ovary syndromeClin Endocrinol (Oxf)199237119251395062
- CrosignaniPGColomboMVegettiWOverweight and obese anovulatory patients with polycystic ovaries:parallel improvements in anthropometric indices, ovarian physiology and fertility rate induced by dietHum Reprod20031819283212923151
- DahlgrenEJansonPOJohanssonSHemostatic and metabolic variables in women with polycystic ovary syndromeFertil Steril199461455608137966
- Diamanti-KandarakisEKouliCRBergieleATA survey of the polycystic ovary syndrome in the Greek island of Lesbos: hormonal and metabolic profileJ Clin Endocrinol Metab19998440061110566641
- DietschyJMBrownMSEffect of alterations of the specific activity of the intracellular acetyl CoA pool on apparent rates of hepatic cholesterogenesisJ Lipid Res197415508164413018
- DunaifAHyperandrogenic anovulation (PCOS): a unique disorder of insulin action associated with an increased risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitusAm J Med19959833S39S7825639
- DunaifAFinegoodDTBeta-cell dysfunction independent of obesity and glucose intolerance in the polycystic ovary syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab19968194278772555
- EhrmannDABarnesRBRosenfieldRLPrevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndromeDiabetes Care199922141610333916
- EhrmannDASchneiderDJSobelBETroglitazone improves defects in insulin action, insulin secretion, ovarian steroidogenesis, and fibrinolysis in women with polycystic ovary syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab1997822108169215280
- EhrmannDASturisJByrneMMInsulin secretory defects in polycystic ovary syndrome. Relationship to insulin sensitivity and family history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitusJ Clin Invest19959652077615824
- EltingMWKorsenTJBezemerPDPrevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiac complaints in a follow-up study of a Dutch PCOS populationHum Reprod2001165566011228228
- EngeliSSchlingPGorzelniakKThe adipose-tissue renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system:role in the metabolic syndrome?Int J Biochem Cell Biol2003358072512676168
- ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored_PCOS_Consensus_Workshop_GroupRevised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndromeFertil Steril2004811925
- FogelRBMalhotraAPillarGIncreased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in obese women with polycystic ovary syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20018611758011238505
- FranksSPolycystic ovary syndromeN Engl J Med1995333853617651477
- FriedmanJMHalaasJLLeptin and the regulation of body weight in mammalsNature1998395763709796811
- FruhbeckGThe adipose tissue as a source of vasoactive factorsCurr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents2004219720815320786
- FruhbeckGGomez-AmbrosiJModulation of the leptininduced white adipose tissue lipolysis by nitric oxideCell Signal2001138273311583918
- GlueckCJPapannaRWangPIncidence and treatment of metabolic syndrome in newly referred women with confirmed polycystic ovarian syndromeMetabolism2003529081512870169
- GonzalezFThusuKAbdel-RahmanEElevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha in normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndromeMetabolism1999484374110206434
- GopalMDuntleySUhlesMThe role of obesity in the increased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in patients with polycystic ovarian syndromeSleep Med20023401414592171
- GrundySMBrewerHBJrCleemanJIDefinition of metabolic syndrome:Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definitionCirculation2004109433814744958
- GuzickDSTalbottEOSutton-TyrrellKCarotid atherosclerosis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome:initial results from a case-con-trol studyAm J Obstet Gynecol199617412249 discussion 1229–328623850
- HarborneLFlemingRLyallHMetformin or antiandrogen in the treatment of hirsutism in polycystic ovary syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20038841162312970273
- HolteJDisturbances in insulin secretion and sensitivity in women with the polycystic ovary syndromeBaillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab199610221478773746
- HolteJBerghTBerneCSerum lipoprotein lipid profile in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome:relation to anthropometric, endocrine and metabolic variablesClin Endocrinol (Oxf)199441463717955457
- HolteJGennarelliGBerneCElevated ambulatory day-time blood pressure in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a sign of a pre-hypertensive state?Hum Reprod1996112388671152
- Huber-BuchholzMMCareyDGNormanRJRestoration of reproductive potential by lifestyle modification in obese polycystic ovary syndrome: role of insulin sensitivity and luteinizing hormoneJ Clin Endocrinol Metab1999841470410199797
- IbanezLde ZegherFPotauNPremature pubarche, ovarian hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinism and the polycystic ovary syndrome: from a complex constellation to a simple sequence of prenatal onsetJ Endocrinol Invest199821558669856410
- IbanezLVallsCMarcosMVInsulin sensitization for girls with precocious pubarche and with risk for polycystic ovary syndrome:effects of prepubertal initiation and postpubertal discontinuation of metformin treatmentJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2004894331715356029
- JayagopalVKilpatrickESHoldingSOrlistat is as beneficial as metformin in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2005907293315536162
- KawashimaSYokoyamaMDysfunction of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and atherosclerosisArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol200424998100515001455
- KellyCCLyallHPetrieJRLow grade chronic inflammation in women with polycystic ovarian syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2001862453511397838
- KentSCLegroRSPolycystic ovary syndrome in adolescentsAdolesc Med2002137388vi11841956
- KiddyDSHamilton-FairleyDSeppalaMDiet-induced changes in sex hormone binding globulin and free testosterone in women with normal or polycystic ovaries:correlation with serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor-IClin Endocrinol (Oxf)198931757632697481
- KnochenhauerESKeyTJKahsar-MillerMPrevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States:a prospective studyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab1998833078829745406
- LazurovaIDraveckaIKrausVMetformin versus sibutramine in the treatment of hyperinsulinemia in chronically anovulating womenBratisl Lek Listy20041052071015535111
- LegroRSBlanchePKraussRMAlterations in low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein subclasses among Hispanic women with polycystic ovary syndrome:influence of insulin and genetic factorsFertil Steril199972990510593369
- LegroRSKunselmanARPrevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia in women with polycystic ovary syndromeAm J Med20011116071311755503
- Lewandowski2005
- MahabeerSJialalINormanRJInsulin and C-peptide secretion in non-obese patients with polycystic ovarian diseaseHorm Metab Res19892150262684835
- MatherKJKwanFCorenblumBHyperinsulinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome correlates with increased cardiovascular risk independent of obesityFertil Steril200073150610632431
- MeyerCMcGrathBPTeedeHJOverweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome have evidence of subclinical cardiovascular diseaseJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20059057111616046590
- Mohamed-AliVPinkneyJHCoppackSWAdipose tissue as an endocrine and paracrine organInt J Obes Relat Metab Disord1998221145589877249
- Muller-WielandDKotzkaJKnebelMetabolic syndrome and hypertension:pathophysiology and molecular basis of insulin resistanceBasic Res Cardiol199893Suppl 213149833175
- MunirIYenHWBaruthTResistin stimulation of 17alpha-hy-droxylase activity in ovarian theca cells in vitro:relevance to polycystic ovary syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2005904852715886251
- NCEP/ATPIIIExecutive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)JAMA200128524869711368702
- NestlerJEJakubowiczDJLean women with polycystic ovary syndrome respond to insulin reduction with decreases in ovarian P450c17 alpha activity and serum androgensJ Clin Endocrinol Metab199782407599398716
- NestoRWThe relation of insulin resistance syndromes to risk of cardiovascular diseaseRev Cardiovasc Med20034Suppl 6S111814668699
- NonogakiKFullerGMFuentesNLInterleukin-6 stimulates hepatic triglyceride secretion in ratsEndocrinology1995136214397720663
- NormanRJNoakesMWuRImproving reproductive performance in overweight/obese women with effective weight managementHum Reprod Update2004102678015140873
- O'MearaNMBlackmanJDEhrmannDADefects in beta-cell function in functional ovarian hyperandrogenismJ Clin Endocrinol Metab199376124178496316
- OrbetzovaMMShigarminovaRGGenchevGGRole of 24-hour monitoring in assessing blood pressure changes in polycystic ovary syndromeFolia Med (Plovdiv)20034521515366662
- OrioFJrPalombaSCascellaTImprovement in endothelial structure and function after metformin treatment in young normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: results of a 6-month studyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2005906072616118336
- PanidisDKoliakosGKourtisASerum resistin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndromeFertil Steril200481361614967374
- ParadisiGSteinbergHOHempflingAPolycystic ovary syndrome is associated with endothelial dysfunctionCirculation200110314101511245645
- PekalaPKawakamiMVineWStudies of insulin resistance in adipocytes induced by macrophage mediatorJ Exp Med1983157136056833952
- Potter van LoonBJKluftCRadderJKThe cardiovascular risk factor plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 is related to insulin resistanceMetabolism19934294598345817
- RatnerREAn update on the Diabetes Prevention ProgramEndocr Pract200612Suppl 120416627375
- ReavenGMBanting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human diseaseDiabetes19883715956073056758
- ResnickLMCellular calcium and magnesium metabolism in the pathophysiology and treatment of hypertension and related metabolic disordersAm J Med19929311S20S1387762
- RobinsonSHendersonADGeldingSVDyslipidaemia is associated with insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovariesClin Endocrinol (Oxf)199644277848729522
- RondinoneCMAdipocyte-derived hormones, cytokines, and mediatorsEndocrine200629819016622295
- SabuncuTHarmaMNazligulYSibutramine has a positive effect on clinical and metabolic parameters in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndromeFertil Steril200380119920414607575
- SahinYYirmibesUKelestimurFThe effects of metformin on insulin resistance, clomiphene-induced ovulation and pregnancy rates in women with polycystic ovary syndromeEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol20041132142015063963
- SampsonMKongCPatelAAmbulatory blood pressure profiles and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) activity in lean women with and without the polycystic ovary syndromeClin Endocrinol (Oxf)19964562398977761
- SechiLABartoliEMolecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in arterial hypertensionBlood Press Suppl1996147549162438
- SeowKMJuanCCWuL YSerum and adipocyte resistin in polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistanceHum Reprod200419485314688155
- SepilianVNagamaniMEffects of rosiglitazone in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and severe insulin resistanceJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20059060515483106
- SilfenMEDenburgMRManiboAMEarly endocrine, metabolic, and sonographic characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS):comparison between nonobese and obese adolescentsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2003884682814557441
- SjoholmANystromTEndothelial inflammation in insulin resistanceLancet20053656101215708106
- SolomonCGHuFBDunaifAMenstrual cycle irregularity and risk for future cardiovascular diseaseJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20028720131711994334
- SongJShenHLiJHuangZ[Effects of metformin on the plasminogen activator system, endocrine, metabolic profiles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and clomiphene resistant cases]Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi20023786911953071
- SpiegelmanBMFlierJSAdipogenesis and obesity: rounding out the big pictureCell199687377898898192
- StephensJMPilchPFThe metabolic regulation and vesicular transport of GLUT4, the major insulin-responsive glucose transporterEndocr Rev199516529468521793
- SteppanCMBaileySTBhatSThe hormone resistin links obesity to diabetesNature20014093071211201732
- SwensonTLThe role of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein in lipoprotein. metabolismDiabetes Metab Rev19917139531816999
- TalbottEOGuzickDSSutton-TyrrellKEvidence for association between polycystic ovary syndrome and premature carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged womenArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol20002024142111073846
- TarkunICanturkZArslanBCThe plasminogen activator system in young and lean women with polycystic ovary syndromeEndocr J2004514677215516780
- TiikkainenMHakkinenAMKorsheninnikovaEEffects of rosiglitazone and metformin on liver fat content, hepatic insulin resistance, insulin clearance, and gene expression in adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetes20045321697615277403
- TolinoAGambardellaVCaccavaleCEvaluation of ovarian functionality after a dietary treatment in obese women with polycystic ovary syndromeEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol2005119879315734091
- VelazquezEMMendozaSGWangPMetformin therapy is associated with a decrease in plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, lipoprotein(a), and immunoreactive insulin levels in patients with the polycystic ovary syndromeMetabolism19974645479109854
- VgontzasANLegroRSBixlerEOPolycystic ovary syndrome is associated with obstructive sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness:role of insulin resistanceJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2001865172011158002
- VrbikovaJCifkovaRJirkovskaACardiovascular risk factors in young Czech females with polycystic ovary syndromeHum Reprod200318980412721172
- WaterworthDMBennettSTGharaniNLinkage and association of insulin gene VNTR regulatory polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndromeLancet1997349986909100625
- WildRAPainterPCCoulsonPBLipoprotein lipid concentrations and cardiovascular risk in women with polycystic ovary syndromeJ Clin Endocrinol Metab198561946514044782
- WildSPierpointTJacobsHLong-term consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome: results of a 31 year follow-up studyHum Fertil (Camb)2000a310110511844363
- WildSPierpointTMcKeiguePCardiovascular disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome at long-term follow-up:a retrospective cohort studyClin Endocrinol (Oxf)2000b5259560010792339
- YildirimBSabirNRelation of intra-abdominal fat distribution to metabolic disorders in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndromeFertil Steril20037913586412798883
- YildizBOHaznedarogluICKirazliSGlobal fibrinolytic capacity is decreased in polycystic ovary syndrome, suggesting a prothrombotic stateJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2002873871512161525
- YuJGJavorschiSHevenerALThe effect of thiazolidinediones on plasma adiponectin levels in normal, obese, and type 2 diabetic subjectsDiabetes20025129687412351435
- YuYHGinsbergHNAdipocyte signaling and lipid homeostasis: sequelae of insulin-resistant adipose tissueCirc Res20059610425215920027
- ZavaroniICoruzziPBoniniLAssociation between salt sensitivity and insulin concentrations in patients with hypertensionAm J Hypertens1995885587576404
- ZhangLHRodriguezHOhnoSSerine phosphorylation of human P450c17 increases 17,20-lyase activity:implications for adrenarche and the polycystic ovary syndromeProc Natl Acad Sci U S A19959210619237479852
- ZimmermannSPhillipsRADunaifAPolycystic ovary syndrome: lack of hypertension despite profound insulin resistanceJ Clin Endocrinol Metab199275508131639952