Fenofibric acid: a new fibrate approved for use in combination with statin for the treatment of mixed dyslipidemia

References

• CastelliWPGarrisonRJWilsonPWFIncidence of coronary heart disease and lipoprotein cholesterol levels: The Framingham StudyJAMA1986256283528383773200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in AdultsExecutive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult Treatment Panel III)JAMA20012852486249711368702
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final reportCirculation20021063143342112485966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CannonCPBraunwaldEMcCabeCHIntensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromesN Engl J Med20043501495150415007110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaRosaJCGrundySMWatersDDIntensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary diseaseN Engl J Med20053521425143515755765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PedersenTRFaergemanOKasteleinJJHigh dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: the IDEAL study:a randomized controlled trialJAMA20052942437244516287954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GrundySMCleemanJIMerzCNImplications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelinesCirculation200411022723915249516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GrundySMStatin trials and goals of cholesterol-lowering therapyCirculation199897143614399576422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DownsJRClearfieldMWeisSPrimary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: Results of AFCAPS/TexCAPSJAMA1998279161516229613910
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShepherdJCobbeSMFordIPrevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemiaN Engl J Med1995333130113077566020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HaywardRAHoferTPVijanSNarrative review: lack of evidence for recommended low-density lipoprotein treatment targets: a solvable problemAnn Intern Med200614552053017015870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TabasIWilliamsKJBorenJSubendothelial lipoprotein retention as the initiating process in atherosclerosis: update and therapeutic implicationsCirculation20071161832184417938300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KoschinskyMLMarcovinaSMBallantyneCMClinical Lipidology: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart DiseasePhiladelphiaSaunders Elsevier2009130143
   Google Scholar
• GrundySMAtherogenic dyslipidemia associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistanceClin Cornerstone20068Suppl 1S21S2716903166
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CastelliWPCholesterol and lipids in the risk of coronary heart disease-the Framingham Heart StudyCan J Cardiol19884Suppl A5A10A3282627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CastelliWPEpidemiology of triglycerides: a view from FraminghamAm J Cardiol1992703H9H
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GordonDJProbstfieldJLGarrisonRJHigh density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. Four prospective American studiesCirculation1989798152642759
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HokansonJEAustinMATriglyceride is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein: a meta-analysis of population-based prospective studiesJ Cardiovasc Risk199632132198836866
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• YarnellJWGPattersonCCSweetnamPMDo total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides act independently in the prediction of ischemic heart diseaseArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol2001211340134511498463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JeppesenJHeinHOSuadicaniPGyntelbergFClinical investigation and reports: Triglyceride concentration and ischemia heart disease. An eight-year follow-up in the Copenhagen Male StudyCirculation199897102910369531248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AssmannGSchulteHEckardsteinAHypertriglyceridemia and elevated lipoprotein(a) are are risk factors for major coronary events in middle-aged menAm J Cardiol199677117911848651092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GenestJJMartin-MunleySSMcNamaraJRFamilial lipoprotein disorders in patients with premature coronary artery diseaseCirculation199285202520331534286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GenestJJMcNamaraJRSalemDNShaeferEJPrevalence of risk factors in men with premature coronary artery diseaseAm J Cardiol199167118511892035438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GordonTCastelliWPHjortlandMCHigh density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The Framingham StudyAm J Med197762707714193398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiuJSemposCTDonahueRPNon-high density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and their risk predictive values in coronary heart diseaseAm J Cardiol2006981363136817134630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FrickMHEloMOHappaKHelsinki Heart Study: primary-prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia. Safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart diseaseN Engl J Med1987317123712453313041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HaimMBenderlyMBrunnerDElevated serum triglyceride levels in patients with coronary heart disease: The bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) RegistryCirculation199910047548210430760
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CarlsonLARosenhanerGReduction of mortality in the in the Stockholm Ischaemic Heart Disease Secondary Prevention Study by combined treatment with clofibrate and nicotinic acidActa Med Scand19882234054183287837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RubinsHBRobinsSJCollinsDGemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low high-density cholesterolN Engl J Med199934141041810438259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KeechASimesRJBarterPThe Field Study InvestigatorsEffects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9795 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomised control trialLancet20053661849186116310551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The “Effects of Combination Lipid Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus” an NIH study with support from multiple industry partners was just published (Effects of Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The ACCORD Study GroupN Engl J of Med3142010, and updated on March 18, 2010, at NEJM.org (10.1056/NEJMoa1001282).
   Google Scholar
• SuperkoHRKingSIIIIs lowering low-density lipoprotein an effective strategy to reduce cardiac riskCirculation200811756056818227396
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StaelasBDallongvilleJAuwerxJMechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolismCirculation199898208820939808609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BergerJMoellerDThe mechanisms of action of PPARsAnnu Rev Med20025340943511818483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StaelsBAuwerxJRegulation of apoA-1 gene expression by fibratesAtherosclerosis1998Suppl 137S19S239694537
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ChinettiGLastavelSBockerVPPAR-alpha and PPAR gamma activators induce cholesterol removal from human macrophages from cells through stimulation of the ABCA1 pathwayNat Med20017535811135616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarxNSukhovaGKCollinsTPPAR alpha activators inhibit cytokine-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in human endothelial cellsCirculation1999993125313110377075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarxNMackmanNSchonbeckUPPAR alpha agonists inhibit tissue factor expression in human monocytes and macrophagesCirculation200110321321911208679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JonesPHFibratesBallantyneCMClinical Lipidology: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart DiseasePhiladelphiaSaunders Elsevier2009315325
   Google Scholar
• MuhlesteinJBMayHTJensenJRThe reduction of inflammatory biomarkers by statin, fibrate and combination therapy among diabetic patients with mixed dyslipidemia. The DIACOR (Diabetes and Combined Lipid Therapy Regimen) studyJ Am Coll Cardiol20064839640116843192
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KohKKHanSHQuonMJBeneficial effects of fenofibrate to improve endothelial dysfunction and raise adiponectin levels in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemiaDiabetes Care2005281419142415920062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WysockiJBelowskiDKalinaMEffects of micronized fenofibrate on insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndromeInt J Clin Pharmacol Ther20044221221715124979
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EllenRLBMcPhersonRLong-term efficacy and safety of fenofibrate and a statin in the treatment of combination hyperlipidemiaAm J Cardiol1998814A60B65B
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GrundySMVegaGLYuanZEffectiveness and tolerability of simvastatin plus fenofibrate for combined hyperlipidemia (The Safari Trial)Am J Cardiol20059546246815695129
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DavidsonMHArmaniAMcKenneyJMSafety considerations with fibrate therapyAm J Cardiol2007Suppl 993C18C
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FarnierMFreemanMWMacdonellGEfficacy and safety of the coadministration of ezetimibe with fenofibrate in patients with mixed hyperlipidaemiaEur Heart J20052689790515781429
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FarnierMRothEGil-ExtremeraBEfficacy and safety of the coadministration ezetimibe/simvastatin with fenofibrate in patients with mixed hyperlipidemiaAm Heart J2007153335.e1335e817239698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RizosEBiaraktariEGanotakisEEffect of ciprofibrate on lipoproteins, fibrinogen, renal function, and hepatic enzymesJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther2002721922612490967
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KeechASimesRJBarterPEffects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events 9795 people with type II diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): Randomized control trialLancet20053661849186116310551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HottelartCEl EsperNRoseFFenofibrate increased creatinemia by increasing metabolic production of creatinineNephron20029253612372935
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TsimihodimosVMiltiadousGBairaktariEElisafMPossible mechanisms of the fibrate-induced increase in serum creatinineClin Nephrol20025740740812036205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TonelliMCollinsDRobinsSEffect of gemfibrozil on change in renal function in men with moderate chronic renal insufficiency and coronary diseaseAm J Kidney Dis20044483283915492949
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnsquenJCFoucherCRattierSFenofibrate reduces progression to microalbuminuria over 3 years in a placebo-controlled study in Type 2 diabetes: Results from the Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study (DAIS)Am J Kidney Dis20054548549315754270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MekkiesMSteinEKhouryPEffects of fenofibrate on lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in 33 subjects with primary hypercholesterolaemiaAtherosclerosis19876357643548734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BradfordRGoldbergASchoenfeldGDouble-blind comparison of bezaf ibrate versus placebo in male volunteers with hyperlipoproteinemiaAtherosclerosis19929231401575820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GottoAMBreenWJCordnerCNOnce-daily, extended-release gemfibrozil in patients with dyslipidemia. The Lopid SR Work Group IAm J Cardiol199371105710638475869
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZimetbaumPFrishmanWHKahnSEffects of gemfibrozil and other fibric acid derivatives on blood lipids and lipoproteinsJ Clin Pharmacol19913125372045526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StaelsBDallongevilleJAuwerxJMechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolismCirculation199898208820939808609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LahdenperaSTilly-KiesiMVuorinen-MarkkolaHEffects of gemfibrozil on low-density lipoprotein particle size, density, distribution and composition in patients with type II diabetesDiabetes Care1993165845928462384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KohKKQuonMJHanSHAdditive beneficial effects of fenofibrate combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of combined hyperlipidemiaJ Am Coll Cardiol2005451649195315893182
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKenneyJJonesMAbbySSafety and efficacy of colesevelam hydrochloride in combination with fenofibrate for the treatment of mixed hyperlipidemiaCurr Med Res Opin2005211403141216197659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trilipix [package insert]North Chicago (IL)Abbott Laboratories2008
   Google Scholar
• JonesPHDavidsonMHReporting rate of rhabdomyolysis with fenofibrate + fibrates versus gemfibrozil + any statinAm J Cardiol20059512012215619408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JonesPHBaysHEDavidsonMHEvaluation of a new formulation of fenofibric acid, ABT-335, co-administered with statinsClin Drug Investig200828625634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JonesPHDavidsonMHKashyapMLEfficacy and safety of ABT-335 (fenofibric acid) in combination with rosuvastatin in patients with mixed dyslipidemia: A phase 3 studyAtherosclerosis200920420821518996523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MohiuddinSMPepineCJKellyMTEfficacy and safety of ABT-335 fenofibric acid in combination with simvastatin in patients with mixed dyslipidemia: A phase 3, randomized, control studyAm Heart J200915719520319081418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GoldbergACBaysHEBallantyneCMEfficacy and safety of ABT-335 (fenofibric acid) in combination with atorvastatin in patients with mixed dyslipidemiaAm J Cardiol200910351552219195513
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BaysHEJonesPHMohiuddinSMLong-term safety and efficacy of fenofibric acid in combination with statin therapy for the treatment of patients with mixed dyslipidemiaJ Clin Lipidol20082426435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrunzellJDDavidsonMFurbergCDLipoprotein management in patients with cardiometabolic risk: consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology FoundationDiabetes Care20083181182218375431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar