The Future of Meningococcal Vaccines

• Parkhill J , AchtmanM, JamesKDet al.: Complete DNA sequence of a serogroup A strain of Neisseria meningitidis Z2491. Nature404, 502–506(2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tettelin H , SaundersNJ, HeidelbergJet al.: Complete genomic sequence of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strain MC58.Science287, 1809–1815(2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borrow R , MillerE: Surrogates of protection. In: Handbook of Meningococcal Disease. Frosch M, Maiden M (Eds). Wiley, Weinheim, Germany, 323–351(2006).
   Google Scholar
• Taunay AE , FeldmanHA, BastosCet al.: Avaliacao do efeito protector de vacina polissacaridica antimeningococica dos groupo C em crianzas de 6 A 36 meses. Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz.39, 77–82(1978).
   Google Scholar
• Al-Mazrou YY , KhalilM, BorrowRet al.: Immunogenicity of a meningococcal ACYW135 polysaccharide vaccine in Saudi children aged under 5 years. Infect. Immun.73, 2932–2939(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jokhdar H , BorrowR, SultanAet al.: Immunologic hyporesponsiveness to serogroup C but not serogroup A following repeated meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccination in Saudi Arabia. Clin. Diag. Lab. Immunol.11, 83–88(2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gold R , LepowMC, GoldschneiderI, DraperTF, GotschlichEC: Kinetics of antibody production to group A and C meningoicoccal polysaccharide vaccines administered during the first six years of life: prospects for routine immunization of infants and children.J. Infect. Dis.140, 690–697(1979).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leach A , TwumasiPA, KumahSet al.: Induction of immunologic memory in Gambian children by vaccination in infancy with a group A plus group C meningococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine.J. Infect. Dis.175, 200–204(1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolas P , M‘BarekN Ait, Al-Awaidy S et al.: Pharyngeal carriage of serogroup W135 Neisseria meningitidis in Hajjees and their family contacts in Morocco, Oman and Sudan. APMIS113, 182–186(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lingappa JR , Al-RabeahAM, HajjiehRet al.: Serogroup W135 meningococcal disease during the Hajj 2000. Emerg. Infect. Dis.9, 665–671(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hahne SJ , GraySJ, AguileraJFet al.: W135 meningococcal disease in England and Wales associated with Hajj 2000 and 2001. Lancet359, 582–583(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouedraogo-Traore R , HoibyEA, SanouIet al.: Molecular characteristics of Neisseria meningitidis strains isolated in Burkina Faso in 2001. Scand. J. Infect. Dis.34, 804–807(2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Surveillance data, 2002 [database]. Burkina Faso Ministry of Health. Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Nelson CB , BirminghamM, CostaA et al.: Public-private partnership to develop an affordable vaccine for an emergent threat: the trivalent Neisseria meningitidis ACW135 polysaccharide vaccine. Am. J. Pub. Health.97(S1), S15–S22 (2007).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Soriano-Gabarro M , ToeL, Tiendrebeogo SRM et al.: Effectiveness of a trivalent serogroup A/C/w135 meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine in Burkino Faso, 2003. Vaccine25, 92–96(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandramohan D , HodgsonA, Coleman P et al.: An evaluation of the immunogenicity and safety of a new trivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Vaccine25, 83–91(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa A : Shortage of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine: alternatives to increase the global supply. Proceedings of the Neisseria Vaccines 2007 International Workshop. Varadero, Cuba, 15–20 April 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Richmond PC , MillerE, BorrowRet al.: Meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine is immunogenic in infancy and primes for memory. J. Infect. Dis.179, 1569–1572(1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond P , BorrowR, GoldblattDet al.: Ability of three different meningococcal C conjugate vaccines to induce immunological memory after a single dose in UK toddlers. J. Infect. Dis.183, 160–163(2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramsay ME , AndrewsNJ, TrotterCL, KaczmarskiEB, MillerE: Herd immunity from meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccination in England: database analysis.BMJ.326, 365–366(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maiden M , StuartJ and The United Kingdom Meningococcal Carriage Group: Reduced carriage of serogroup C meningococci in teenagers one year after the introduction of meningococcal C conjugate polysaccharide vaccine in the United Kingdom. Lancet359, 1829–1851(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartwright KA , StuartJM, JonesDM, NoahND: The Stonehouse survey: nasopharyngeal carriage of meningococci and Neisseria lactamica.Epidemiol. Infect.99, 591–601(1987).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller E , SalisburyD, RamsayM: Planning, registration, and implementation of an immunisation campaign against meningococcal serogroup C disease in the UK: a success story.Vaccine20, S58–S67 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trotter CL , AndrewsNJ, KaczmarskiEB, MillerE, RamsayME: Effectiveness of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine 4 years after introduction.Lancet364, 365–367(2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Advisory Committee on Immunization: Statement on recommended use of meningococcal vaccines. CCDR27(ACS-6), 2–36(2001).
   Google Scholar
• Cohen NJ : Introduction of the National Meningococcal C Vaccination Program.Commun. Dis. Intell.27, 161–162(2003).
   Google Scholar
• Borrow R , GoldblattD, AndrewsNet al.: Antibody persistence and immunological memory at age 4 years after meningococcal group C conjugate vaccination in children in the United Kingdom.J. Infect. Dis.186, 1353–1357(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards EA , DevineLF, SengbuschGH, WardHW: Immunological investigations of meningococcal disease. III. Brevity of group C acquisition prior to disease occurrence.Scand. J. Infect. Dis.9, 105–110(1977).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambert P -H, Liu M, Siegrist C-A: Can successful vaccines teach us how to induce efficient protective immune responses? Nat. Med. Suppl.11, 554–559(2005).
   Google Scholar
• Ramsay ME , McVernonJ, AndrewsNJ, HeathPT, SlackMP: Estimating Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine effectiveness in England and Wales by use of the screening method.J. Infect. Dis.188, 481–485(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald M , CannyM, O‘FlanaganD: Vaccination catch-up campaign in response to recent increase in Hib infection in Ireland.Euro. Surveill.10, E050929.2 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Borrow R , GoldblattD, FinnAet al.: Immunogenicity of, and immunologic memory to, a reduced primary schedule of meningococcal C-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in infants in the United Kingdom. Infect. Immun.71, 5549–5555(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balmer P : Immune response of UK infants receiving coadministration of licensed DTaP/Hib/IPV, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate and randomised to receive one of three monovalent meningococcal group C conjugate vaccines. Proceedings of the Neisseria Vaccines 2007 International workshop. Varadero, Cuba 15–20 April 2007.
   Google Scholar
• de Greeff SC , de Melker HE, Spanjaard L, Schouls LM, van der Ende A: Protection from routine vaccination at the age of 14 months with meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine in the Netherlands. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.25, 79–80(2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Greeff SC , van der Ende A, Spanjaard L, Schouls LM, de Melker HE: Meningococcal disease in the Netherlands in the era of conjugated men C vaccination. Presented at: Ninth European Monitoring Group on Meningococci (EMGM). Rome, Italy, 30 May–1 June 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Greenwood B : Manson Lecture. Meningococcal meningitis in Africa.Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg.93, 341–353(1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chippaux JP , DeboisH, SaliouP: A critical review of control strategies against meningococcal meningitis epidemics in sub-Saharan African countries.Infection30, 216–224(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jodar L , LaForceFM, CeccariniC, Aguado T, Granoff DM: Meningococcal conjugate vaccine for Africa: a model for development of new vaccines for the poorest countries. Lancet361, 1902–1904(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kshirsagar N , MurN, ThatteUet al.: Safety, immunogenicity, and antibody persistence of a new meningococcal group A conjugate vaccine in healthy Indian adults. Vaccine25, A101–A107 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson LA , WengerJD: Laboratory-based surveillance for meningococcal disease in selected areas, United States, 1989–1991.MMWR CDC Surveill. Summ.42, 21–30(1993).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosenstein NE , PerkinsBA, StephensDSet al. The changing epidemiology of meningococcal disease in the United States, 1992–1996. J. Infect. Dis.180, 1894–1901(1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muros-Le Rouzic E , DoemlandM, Teyssou R: Geographical differences in invasive meningococcal disease rates and serogroup distribution. Proceedings of the 8th Meeting of European Monitoring Group on Meningococci. Dublin, Ireland, 7–10 September 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Bilukha OO , RosensteinN: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevention and control of meningococcal disease. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).MMWR Recomm. Rep.54(RR-7), 1–21(2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Keyserling H , PapaT, KoranyiKet al.: Safety, immunogenicity, and immune memory of a novel meningococcal (groups A, C, Y, and W-135) polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (MCV-40 in healthy adolescents. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med.159, 907–913(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell JD , EdelmanR, KingJC Jr, Papa T, Ryall R, Rennels M: Safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of a tetravalent meningococcal polysaccharide-diphtheria conjugate vaccine given to healthy adults. J. Infect. Dis.186, 1848–1851(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keyserling H , RothsteinE, BlatterM, Ryall R, Bybel M, Papa T: Augmentation of the immune response to a quadrivalent meningococcal (A,C,Y,W-135) diphtheria conjugate vaccine (MCV-4) by co-administration with tetanus-diphtheria vaccine (Td) in healthy adolescents. Proceedings of the Infectious Disease Society of America 42nd Annual Meeting. Boston, Massachusetts, 20 September–4 October 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Lagos R , PapaT, MuñozA, RyallR, PinaM, BassilyE: Safety and immunogenicity of a meningococcal (groups A, C, Y, W-135) polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine in healthy children aged 2 to 10 years in Chile.Hum. Vaccines1, 228–231(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rennels M , KingJ Jr, Ryall R, Papa T, Froeschle J: Dose escalation, safety and immunogenicity study of four dosages of tetravalent meningococcal polysaccharide diphtheria conjugate vaccine in infants. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.23, 429–435(2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rennels M , KingJ Jr, Ryall R et al.: Dose escalation, safety and immunogenicity study of a tetravelent meningococcal polysaccharide diphtheria conjugate vaccine in toddlers. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.21, 978–979(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update: Guillain-Barre syndrome among recipients of Menactra meningococcal conjugate vaccine – United States, June 2005-September 2006. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.55(41), 1120–1124(2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Snape MD , PerrettKP, FordKJ et al.: Immunogenicity and safety in infancy of a novel tetravalent meningococcal glyco-conjugate vaccine. Proceedings of the 15th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference. Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 10–15 September 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Shinefield H , BlackS, EnsorK, GanjuJ, DanzigL, DullP: Safety and immunogenicity of a tetravalent meningococcal ACWY glycoconjugate vaccine in toddlers 12–23 months of age. Proceedings of the 15th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference. Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 10–15 September 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Black S , ShinefieldH, EnsorK, GanjuJ, DanzigL, DullP: Safety and immunogenicity of a tetravalent meningococcal ACWY glycoconjugate vaccine in healthy children. Proceedings of the 15th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference. Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 10–15 September 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Habermehl P , Leroux-RoelsG, SaengerR, MaechlerG, BoutriauD: Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C and Y-tetanus toxoid conjugate (Hib-MenCY-TT) vaccine administered at 2, 3 and 4 months and as a booster dose at second year of life. Proceedings of the 15th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference. Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 10–15 September 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Forgor AA , HodgsonA, ChandramohanDet al.: A novel DTPw-HBV/Hib-MenAC conjugate combination vaccine administered to infants in Northern Ghana is safe and induces immune memory. Proceedings of the 15th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference. Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 10–15 September 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Buttery JP , RiddellA, McVernonJet al.: Immunogenicity and safety of a combination pneumococcal–meningococcal vaccine in infants: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA293, 1751–1758(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyle FA , ArtensteinMS, BrandtBLet al.: Immunological response of man to group B meningococcal polysaccharide antigens. J. Infect. Dis.126, 514–522(1972).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finne J , LeinonenM, MäkeläPH: Antigenic similarities between brain components and bacteria causing meningitis. Implications for vaccine development and pathogenesis.Lancet2, 355–357(1983).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings HJ , RoyR, GamianA: Induction of meningococcal group B polysaccharide-specific IgG antibodies in mice by using an N-propionylated B polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine.J. Immunol.137, 1708–1713(1986).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashton FE , RyanJA, MichonF, Jennings HJ: Protective efficacy of mouse serum to the N-propionyl derivative of meningococcal group B polysaccharide. Microb. Pathog.6, 455–458(1989).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fusco PC , MichonF, TaiJY, BlakeMS: Preclinical evaluation of a novel group B meningococcal conjugate vaccine that elicits bactericidal activity in both mice and nonhuman primates.J. Infect. Dis.175, 364–372(1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore S , FarleyEK, FuscoPC, MichonF: Specificity of the immune response to a modified group B meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine.Clin. Vaccine Immunol.14, 106–109(2007).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moe GR , GranoffDM: Molecular mimetics of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B polysaccharide.Int. Rev. Immunol.20, 201–220(2001).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Menendez T : Molecular mimetics of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B capsular polysaccharide. Proceedings of the NeisseriaVaccines2007 International workshop. Varadero, Cuba, 15–20 April 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Bjune G , HoibyEA, GronnesbyJKet al.: Effect of outer membrane vesicle vaccine against group B meningococcal disease in Norway.Lancet338, 1093–1096(1991).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sierra GV , CampaHC, VarcacelNMet al.: Vaccine against group B Neisseria meningitidis: protection trial and mass vaccination results in Cuba.NIPH. Ann.14, 195–207(1991).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Moraes JC , PerkinsBA, CamargoMC et al.: Protective efficacy of a serogroup B meningococcal vaccine in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Lancet340, 1074–1078(1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz C , PavezG, AguilarEet al.: Serotype-specific outbreak of group B meningococcal disease in Iquique, Chile. Epidemiol. Infect.105, 119–126(1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin DR , WalkerSJ, BakerMG, Lennon DR: New Zealand epidemic of meningococcal disease identified by a strain with phenotype B:4:P1.4. J. Infect. Dis.177, 497–500(1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenqvist E , HoibyEA, WedegeEet al.: Human antibody responses to meningococcal outer membrane antigens after three doses of the Norwegian group B meningococcal vaccine. Infect. Immun.63, 4642–4652(1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holst J , FeiringB, NaessLMet al.: The concept of “tailor-made”, protein-based, outer membrane vesicle vaccines against meningococcal disease. Vaccine23, 2202–2205(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borrow R , CarloneGM, RosensteinNet al.: Neisseria meningitidis group B Correlates of protection and assay standardization – International Meeting Report, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 16–17 March 2005. Vaccine24, 5093–5107(2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker MG , MartinDR, KieftC, LennonD: A 10-year serogroup B meningococcal disease epidemic in New Zealand: descriptive epidemiology, 1991–2000.J. Paediatr. Child Health37, S13–S19 (2001).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dyet KH , MartinDR: Sequence variation in the porB gene from B:P1.4 meningococci causing New Zealand‘s epidemic.J. Clin. Microbiol.43, 838–842(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornton V , LennonD, RasanathanKet al.: Safety and immunogenicity of New Zealand strain meningococcal serogroup B OMV vaccine in healthy adults: beginning of epidemic control. Vaccine24, 1395–1400(2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oster P , LennonD, O‘HallahanJ, MulhollandK, ReidS, MartinD: MeNZB: a safe and highly immunogenic tailor-made vaccine against the New Zealand Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B disease epidemic strain.Vaccine23, 2191–2196(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oster P , O‘HallahanJ, AabergeI, TilmanS, YpmaE, MartinD: Immunogenicity and safety of a strain-specific MenB OMV vaccine delivered to under 5-year olds in New Zealand.Vaccine25, 3075–3079(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O‘Hallahan J , MartinD, OsterP: An epidemic of group B meningococcal disease controlled by a vaccine – the final chapter. Proceedings of the 15th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conferenc. Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 10–15 September 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Boutriau D , PoolmanJ, BorrowRet al.: Immunogenicity and safety of three doses of a bivalent (B:4:P1.19,15 and B:4:P1.7–2,4) meningococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccine in healthy adolescents. Clin. Vaccine Immunol.14, 65–73(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandbu S , FeiringB, OsterPet al.: Immune response and safety in adults after vaccination with a combination of two serogroup B OMV vaccines, MenBvac and MeNZB.Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 2007 Jul 18; [Epub ahead of print].
   Google Scholar
• Urwin R , RussellJE, ThompsonEAL, HolmesEC, FeaversIM, MaidenMCJ: Distribution of protein surface variants among hyperinvasive meningococci: implications for vaccine design.Infect. Immun.72, 5955–5962(2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Ley P , van der Biezen J, Poolman JT: Construction of Neisseria meningitidis strains carrying multiple chromosomal copies of the porA gene for use in the production of a multivalent outer membrane vesicle vaccine. Vaccine13, 401–407(1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Claassen I , MeylisJ, van der Ley P et al.: Production, characterization and control of a Neisseria meningitidis hexavalent class 1 outer membrane protein containing vesicle vaccine. Vaccine14, 1001–1008(1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartwright KAV , RichmondP, MorrisRet al.: Immunogenicity and reactogenicity in UK infants of a novel meningococcal vesicle vaccine containing multiple class 1 outer membrane proteins. Vaccine17, 2612–2619(1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Kleijn ED , de Groot R, Labadie J et al.: Immunogenicity and safety of a hexavalent meningococcal outer-membrane-vesicle vaccine in children of 2–3 and 7–8 years of age. Vaccine18, 1456–1466(2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vermont CL , van Dijken HH, Kuipers AJ et al.: Cross-reactivity of antibodies against PorA after vaccination with a meningococcal B outer membrane vesicle vaccine. Infect. Immun.71, 1650–1655(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Dobbelsteen GP , van Dijken HH, Pillai S, van Alphen L: Immunogenicity of a combination vaccine containing pneumococcal conjugates and meningococcal PorA OMVs. Vaccine25, 2491–2496(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rappuoli R : Reverse vaccinology.Curr. Opin. Microbiol.3, 445–450(2000).
   Google Scholar
• Welsh JA , MoeGR, RossiR, Adu-BobieJ, RappuoliR, GranoffDM: Antibody to genome-derived neisserial antigen 2132, a Neisseria meningitidis candidate vaccine, confers protection against bacteremia in the absence of complement-mediated bactericidal activity.J. Infect Dis.188, 1730–1740(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pizza M , ScarlatoV, MasignaniVet al.: Identification of vaccine candidates against serogroup B meningococcus by whole-genome sequencing.Science.287, 1816–1820(2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masignani V , ComanducciM, GiulianiMMet al.: Vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis using three variants of the lipoprotein GNA1870. J. Exp. Med.197, 789–799(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welsch JA , RossiR, ComanducciM, GranoffDM: Protective activity of monoclonal antibodies to genome-derived neisserial antigen 1870, a Neisseria meningitidis candidate vaccine.J. Immunol.172, 5606–5615(2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou VC , KoeberlingO, WelschJA, GranoffDM: Protective antibody responses elicited by a meningococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccine with overexpressed genome-derived neisserial antigen 1870.J. Infect. Dis.192, 580–590(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madico G , WelschJA, LewisLAet al.: The meningococcal vaccine candidate GNA1870 binds the complement regulatory protein factor H and enhances serum resistance. J. Immunol.177, 501–510(2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cantini F , SavinoS, ScarselliMet al.: Solution structure of the immunodominant domain of protective antigen GNA1870 of Neisseria meningitidis. J. Biol. Chem.281, 7220–7227(2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher LD , BernfieldL, BarniakVet al.: Vaccine potential of the Neisseria meningitidis 2086 lipoprotein.Infect. Immun.72, 2088–2100(2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giuliani MM , SantiniL, BrunelliBet al.: The region comprising amino acids 100 to 255 of Neisseria meningitidis lipoprotein GNA 1870 elicits bactericidal antibodies. Infect. Immun.73, 1151–1160(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Comanducci M , BambiniS, BrunelliBet al.: NadA, a novel vaccine candidate of Neisseria meningitidis. J. Exp. Med.195, 1445–1454(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capecchi B , Adu-BobieJ, Di Marcello F et al.: Neisseria meningitidis NadA is a new invasin which promotes bacterial adhesion to and penetration into human epithelial cells. Mol. Microbiol.55, 687–698(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez S , BlancoA, PerezYet al.: Assessment of the immunogencicity in a murine model of early life immunity of seven recombinant vaccine candidates against Neisseria meningitidis.Neisseria Vaccines 2007. Varadero, Cuba, April 15–20 (2007).
   Google Scholar
• Sardinas G , RodriguezY, YeroDet al.: Antibody response after immunization with recombinant protein CDG467. Neisseria Vaccines 2007. Varadero, Cuba, April 15–20 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Cobas K , PereraY, NieblaOet al.: Vaccine potential of the Neisseria meningitidis protein CDG606. Neisseria Vaccines 2007. Varadero, Cuba, April 15–20 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Yero D , PajonR, PerezYet al.: Identification of vaccine candidates against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B by genomic immunization. Vaccine25, 5175–5188(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poolman J , DenoelP, FeronCet al.: Serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis vaccine development. In: 15th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference. 10–15 September, Cairns, Queensland, Australia (2006) (Abstract S11.3).
   Google Scholar
• Koeberling O , WelschJA, GranoffDM: Improved immunogenicity of a H44/76 group B outer membrane vesicle vaccine with over-expressed genome-derived Neisserial antigen 1870.Vaccine25, 1912–1920(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambrose K : Characterization of LP2086 expression in Neisseria meningitidis. Proceedings of the 15th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 10–15 September 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Borrow R : Meningitis B vaccine prospects. Proceedings of the 17th National Immunisation Conference for Health Care Workers. Manchester Conference Centre, Manchester, UK, 1 December 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Delgado M , YeroD, NieblaOet al.: Evaluation of lipoprotein NMB0928 as a novel vaccine candidate against Neisseria meningitidis. Neisseria Vaccines 2007. Varadero, Cuba, April 15–20 (2007).
   Google Scholar
• Diaz DG , PerezLM, YeroDet al.: Antigen NMB1125, a novel vaccine candidate against Neisseria meningitidis. Neisseria Vaccines 2007. Varadero, Cuba, April 15–20 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Oliver KJ , ReddinKM, BracegirdlePet al.: Neisseria lactamica protects against experimental meningococcal infection. Infect. Immun.70, 3621–3626(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorringe AR : An update on the development of a meningococcal disease vaccine based on Neisseria lactamica.Neisseria Vaccines 2007. Varadero, Cuba, April 15–20 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Giuliani MM , Adu-BobieJ, ComanducciMet al.: A universal vaccine for serogroup B meningococcus. PNAS103, 10834–10839(2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harper DM , FrancoEL, WheelerCMet al.: Sustained efficacy up to 4.5 years of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomised control trial. Lancet367, 1247–1255(2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez O , LastreM, BrachoGet al.: Proteoliposome showing more than a vaccine function. Neisseria Vaccines 2007. Varadero, Cuba, April 15–20 (2007).
   Google Scholar

Websites

• Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C strain FAM18. www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/N_meningitidis/seroC.shtml
   Google Scholar
• Conjugate meningococcal group C vaccination programmes in the EU, as at September 2005 www.euibis.org/meningo/vacc_sched_ meningo.htm
   Google Scholar
• Chief Medical Officer, Chief Nursing Officer and the Chief Pharmacist. Important changes to the childhood immunisation programme. PL/CMO/2006/1, Pl.CNO/2006/1, PL/CPHO/2006/1: Department of Health, National Health Service, United Kingdom, 2006. Click here.
   Google Scholar
• Menitorix, SPC from the eMC. http://emc.medicines.org.uk/emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?documentid=17189
   Google Scholar
• Additional information /rationale for fourth dose. www.immunise.moh.govt.nz/documents/4th-dose-additional-info-april06.pdf
   Google Scholar