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Research Article

Cholesterol values are poor markers of disease risk in a chronic disease population

Pages 545-551 | Published online: 18 Jan 2017

  • Diepeveen SHA, Wetzels JFM, Bilo HJG, van Tits LGH, Stalenhoef AFH: Cholesterol in end-stage renal disease: the good, the bad or the ugly? Netherlands J. Med. 66(2), 51–63 (2008).
  • Trivedi H, Xiang Q, Klein JP: Risk factors for non-fatal myocardial infarction and cardiac death in incident dialysis patients. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant 24, 258–266 (2009).
  • Chmielewski M, Carrero JJ, Nordfors L, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P: Lipid disorders in chronic kidney disease: reverse epidemiology and therapeutic approach. J. Neph. 21, 635–644 (2008).
  • Discusses comorbid conditions that are associated with reverse epidemiology.
  • Horwich TB, Fonarow GC: Reverse epidemiology beyond dialysis patients: chronic heart failure, geriatrics, rheumatoid arthritis, COPD, and AIDS. Sem. Dial. 20(6), 549–553 (2007).
  • Marcovecchio ML, Dalton RN, Prevost AT et al.: Prevalence of abnormal lipid profiles and the relationship with the development of microalbuminuria in adolescents with Type I diabetes. Diabetes Care 32, 658–663 (2009).
  • Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD, Kilpatrick RD et al.: Association of morbid obesity and weight change over time with cardiovascular survival in hemodialysis population. Am. J. Kid. Dis. 46(3), 489–500 (2005).
  • Levin NW, Handelman GJ, Coresh J, Port FK, Kaysen GA: Reverse epidemiology: a confusing, confounding, and inaccurate term. Sem Dial. 20(6), 586–592 (2007).
  • Discusses the concept and debate regarding reverse epidemiology.
  • Chavalitdhamrong D, Danovitch GM, Bunnapradist S: Is there a reversal of reverse
  • Discusses reverse epidemiology in ESRD patients.
  • Suliman M, Stenvinkel M, Qureshi AR: The reverse epidemiology of plasma total homocysteine as a mortality risk factor is related to the impact of wasting and inflammation. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 22, 209–217 (2007).
  • One of the few database articles on reverse epidemiology in end-stage renal disease (ERSD) patients.
  • Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Humphreys MH, MCallister CJ, Kopple JD: A low, rather than a high, total plasma homocysteine is an indicator of poor outcome in hemodialysis patients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 15, 442–453 (2004).
  • Good review article that discusses an opposing view to the term ‘reverse epidemiology’.
  • Balakrishnan VS, Rao M: Genetics and reverse epidemiology among patients on chronic hemodialysis. Sem Dial. 20(6), 570–576 (2007).
  • Discusses approaches to therapy in chronic kidney disease patients with reverse epidemiology.
  • One of the few database articles on reverse epidemiology in ESRD patients.
  • Nurmohamed SA, Nubé MJ: Reverse epidemiology: paradoxical observations in haemodialysis patients. Netherlands J. Med. 63(10), 376–381 (2005).
  • Combines genetics with the discussion of reverse epidemiology.
  • Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD: Obesity paradox in patients on maintenance dialysis. Nephrology 151, 57–69 (2006).
  • Power A, Duncan N, Goodlad C: Advances and innovations in dialysis in the 21st Century. Postgrad. Med. J. 85(1000), 102–107 (2009).
  • Kalantar-Zadeh K: Recent advances in understanding the malnutrition–inflammation cachexia syndrome in chronic kidney disease patients: what is next? Sem Dail. 18(5), 365–369 (2005).
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  • Liu Y, Coresh J, Eustace J et al.: Association between cholesterol level and mortality in malnutrition. JAMA 291(4), 451–459 (2004).
  • Bowden RG, Hebert S, Wilson R et al.: Comparison of lipid measures and risk stratification among end-stage renal disease patients. J. Neph. 21, 212–218 (2007).
  • Bowden RG, Hebert S, Wilson et al.: A cholesterol primer for health professionals. Californian J. Health Promot. 4, 12–21 (2006).
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  • Kopple JD: The phenomenon of altered risk factor patterns or reverse epidemiology in persons with advanced chronic kidney failure. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 81, 1257–1266 (2005).
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  • Wetmore JB, Shireman TI: The ABCs of cardioprotection in dialysis patients: a systematic review. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 53(3), 457–466 (2009).
  • Rambod M, Bross R, Zitterkoph J: Association of malnutrition–inflammation score with quality of life and mortality in hemodialysis patients: a 5-year prospective cohort study. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 53(2), 298–309 (2009).
  • Sorensen VR, Mathiesen ER, Heaf J, Feldt-Rasmussen B: Improved survival rate in patients with diabetes and end-stage-renal disease in Denmark. Diabetologia 50(5), 922–929 (2007).

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