1,267
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Fenofibrate and renal disease: clinical effects in diabetes

&
Pages 669-680 | Published online: 18 Jan 2017

References

  • Munoz A, Guichard JP, Reginault P. Micronised fenofibrate. Atherosclerosis 110(Suppl.) S45–S48 (1994).
  • Issemann I, Green S. Activation of a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily by peroxisome proliferators. Nature 347, 645–650 (1990).
  • Vijayaraghavan K. Treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Lipids Health Dis. 9, 144 (2010).
  • Keech AC, Mitchell P, Summanen PA et al. Effect of fenofibrate on the need for laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy (FIELD study): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 370, 1687–1697 (2007).
  • Rajamani K, Colman PG, Li LP et al. Effect of fenofibrate on amputation events in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (FIELD study): a prespecified analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 373, 1780–1788 (2009).
  • The ACCORD Study Group and ACCORD Eye Study Group. Effects of medical therapies on retinopathy progression in Type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 363, 233–244 (2010).
  • The FIELD Study Investigators. Effects of long‑term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9795 people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366, 1849–1861 (2005).
  • Ansquer JC, Foucher C, Rattier S, Taskinen MR, Steiner G. Fenofibrate reduces progression to microalbuminuria over 3 years in a placebo‑controlled study in Type 2 diabetes: results from the Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study (DAIS). Am. J. Kidney Dis. 45, 485–493 (2005).
  • Davis T, Ting R, Best J et al. Effects of fenofibrate on renal function in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study. Diabetologia 54, 280–290 (2011). ▪ Clinical paper of a large randomized controlled trial examining the renal effects of fenofibrate in Type 2 diabetes.
  • Mychaleckyj JC, Craven T, Nayak U et al. Reversibility of fenofibrate therapy‑induced renal function impairment in ACCORD Type 2 diabetic participants. Diabetes Care 35, 1008–1014 (2012).
  • Guan Y, Breyer MD. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPARs): novel therapeutic targets in renal disease. Kidney Int. 60, 14–30 (2001).
  • Braissant O, Foufelle F, Scotto C, Dauca M, Wahli W. Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptors (PPARs): tissue distribution of PPAR‑alpha, ‑beta, and ‑gamma in the adult rat. Endocrinology 137, 354–366 (1996).
  • Desvergne B, Wahli W. Peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism. Endocr. Rev. 20, 649–688 (1999).
  • Keating GM, Croom KF. Fenofibrate: a review of its use in primary dyslipidaemia, the metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs 67, 121–153 (2007).
  • Fazio S, Linton MF. The role of fibrates in managing hyperlipidemia: mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 6, 148–157 (2004).
  • Escher P, Wahli W. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors: insight into multiple cellular functions. Mutat. Res. 448, 121–138 (2000).
  • Staels B, Dallongeville J, Auwerx J, Schoonjans K, Leitersdorf E, Fruchart JC. Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Circulation 98, 2088–2093 (1998). ▪ Comprehensive review of the mechanism of action of fibrate on lipid metabolism.
  • Zambon A, Gervois P, Pauletto P, Fruchart JC, Staels B. Modulation of hepatic inflammatory risk markers of cardiovascular diseases by PPAR‑alpha activators: clinical and experimental evidence. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 26, 977–986 (2006).
  • Rosenson RS, Huskin AL, Wolff DA, Helenowski IB, Rademaker AW. Fenofibrate reduces fasting and postprandial inflammatory responses among hypertriglyceridemia patients with the metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis 198, 381–388 (2008).
  • Fruchart JC. Peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑alpha (PPAR[alpha]): at the crossroads of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 205, 1–8 (2009).
  • Playford DA, Watts GF, Best JD, Burke V. Effect of fenofibrate on brachial artery flowmediated dilatation in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am. J. Cardiol. 90, 1254–1257 (2002).
  • Capell WH, DeSouza CA, Poirier P et al. Short‑term triglyceride lowering with fenofibrate improves vasodilator function in subjects with hypertriglyceridemia. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 23, 307–313 (2003).
  • Koh KK, Han SH, Quon MJ, Yeal Ahn J, Shin EK. Beneficial effects of fenofibrate to improve endothelial dysfunction and raise adiponectin levels in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia. Diabetes Care 28, 1419–1424 (2005).
  • Tsimihodimos V, Liberopoulos E, Elisaf M. Pleiotropic effects of fenofibrate. Curr. Pharm. Des. 15, 517–528 (2009).
  • Marx N, Kehrle B, Kohlhammer K et al. PPAR activators as anti‑inflammatory mediators in human T lymphocytes: implications for atherosclerosis and transplantation‑associated arteriosclerosis. Circ. Res. 90, 703–710 (2002).
  • Delerive P, De Bosscher K, Besnard S et al. Peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor a negatively regulates the vascular inflammatory gene response by negative cross‑talk with transcription factors NF‑kB and AP‑1. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 32048–32054 (1999).
  • Chen Y, Hu Y, Lin M et al. Therapeutic effects of PPARa agonists on diabetic retinopathy in Type 1 diabetes models. Diabetes 62(1), 261–272 (2013).
  • Kim J, Ahn JH, Kim JH et al. Fenofibrate regulates retinal endothelial cell survival through the AMPK signal transduction pathway. Exp. Eye Res. 84, 886–893 (2007).
  • Muntner P, Coresh J, Smith JC, Eckfeldt J, Klag MJ. Plasma lipids and risk of developing renal dysfunction: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Kidney Int. 58, 293–301 (2000).
  • Anami Y, Kobori S, Sakai M et al. Human beta‑migrating very low density lipoprotein induces foam cell formation in human mesangial cells. Atherosclerosis 135, 225–234 (1997).
  • Balakumar P, Kadian S, Mahadevan N. Are PPAR alpha agonists a rational therapeutic strategy for preventing abnormalities of the diabetic kidney? Pharmacol. Res. 65, 430–436 (2012). ▪ Review of the possible mechanisms of PPAR-a activation in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
  • Agouridis AP, Kostapanos MS, Tsimihodimos V et al. Effect of rosuvastatin monotherapy or in combination with fenofibrate or omega‑3 fatty acids on lipoprotein subfraction profile in patients with mixed dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 66, 843–853 (2012).
  • Jong MC, Hofker MH, Havekes LM. Role of apoCs in lipoprotein metabolism: functional differences between apoC1, apoC2, and apoC3. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 19, 472–484 (1999).
  • Portilla D. Energy metabolism and cytotoxicity. Semin. Nephrol. 23, 432–438 (2003).
  • Kouroumichakis I, Papanas N, Zarogoulidis P, Liakopoulos V, Maltezos E, Mikhailidis DP. Fibrates: therapeutic potential for diabetic nephropathy? Eur. J. Intern. Med. 23, 309–316 (2012). ▪ Comprehensive review of animal and clinical data on the use of fibrates in diabetic kidney disease.
  • Marx N, Duez H, Fruchart J‑C, Staels B. Peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptors and atherogenesis: regulators of gene expression in vascular cells. Circ. Res. 94, 1168–1178 (2004).
  • Barbier O, Torra IP, Duguay Y et al. Pleiotropic actions of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 22, 717–726 (2002).
  • Idzior‑Walus B, Sieradzki J, Rostworowski W et al. Effects of comicronised fenofibrate on lipid and insulin sensitivity in patients with polymetabolic syndrome X. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 30, 871–878 (2000).
  • Varghese Z, Moorhead JF, Ruan XZ. The PPAR[alpha] ligand fenofibrate: meeting multiple targets in diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 69, 1490 (2006).
  • Kim H, Haluzik M, Asghar Z et al. Peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptoralpha agonist treatment in a transgenic model of Type 2 diabetes reverses the lipotoxic state and improves glucose homeostasis. Diabetes 52, 1770–1778 (2003).
  • Tziomalos K, Athyros VG, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Anti‑inflammatory effects of fibrates: an overview. Curr. Med. Chem. 16, 676–684 (2009).
  • The ACCORD Study Group. Effects of combination lipid therapy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med. 362, 1563–1574 (2010).
  • Bonds DE, Craven TE, Buse J et al. Fenofibrate‑associated changes in renal function and relationship to clinical outcomes among individuals with Type 2 diabetes: the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) experience. Diabetologia 55, 1641–1650 (2012).
  • Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study Investigators. Effect of fenofibrate on progression of coronary‑artery disease in Type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study, a randomised study. Lancet 357, 905–910 (2001).
  • Nagai T, Tomizawa T, Nakajima K, Mori M. Effect of bezafibrate or pravastatin on serum lipid levels and albuminuria in NIDDM patients. J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 7, 91–96 (2000).
  • Bruce R, Daniels A, Cundy T. Renal function changes in diabetic nephropathy induced by bezafibrate. Nephron 73, 490 (1996).
  • Smulders YM, van Eeden AE, Stehouwer CD, Weijers RN, Slaats EH, Silberbusch J. Can reduction in hypertriglyceridaemia slow progression of microalbuminuria in patients with non‑insulin‑dependent diabetes mellitus? Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 27, 997–1002 (1997).
  • Ansquer JC, Dalton RN, Causse E, Crimet D, Malicot KL, Foucher C. Effect of fenofibrate on kidney function: a 6‑week randomized crossover trial in healthy people. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 51, 904–913 (2008).
  • Chapman MJ. Fibrates: therapeutic review. Br. J. Diabetes Vasc. Dis. 6, 11–19 (2006).
  • Hottelart C, El Esper N, Rose F, Achard JM, Fournier A. Fenofibrate increases creatinemia by increasing metabolic production of creatinine. Nephron 92, 536–541 (2002).
  • Tsimihodimos V, Bairaktari E, Elisaf M. Fibrate‑induced increase in serum urea and creatinine levels. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 17, 682; author reply 682 (2002).
  • Tsimihodimos V, Kakafika A, Elisaf M. Fibrate treatment can increase serum creatinine levels. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 16, 1301 (2001).
  • Lipscombe J, Lewis GF, Cattran D, Bargman JM. Deterioration in renal function associated with fibrate therapy. Clin. Nephrol. 55, 39–44 (2001).
  • Devuyst O, Goffin E, Pirson Y, van Ypersele de Strihou CH. Creatinine rise after fibrate therapy in renal graft recipients. Lancet 341, 840 (1993).
  • Broeders N, Knoop C, Antoine M, Tielemans C, Abramowicz D. Fibrate‑induced increase in blood urea and creatinine: is gemfibrozil the only innocuous agent? Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 15, 1993–1999 (2000).
  • Perrone RD, Madias NE, Levey AS. Serum creatinine as an index of renal function: new insights into old concepts. Clin. Chem. 38, 1933–1953 (1992).
  • Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Ann. Intern. Med. 130, 461–470 (1999).
  • Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann. Intern. Med. 150, 604–612 (2009).
  • Cockcroft DW, Gault MH. Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron 16, 31–41 (1976).
  • Fontseré N, Salinas I, Bonal J et al. Are prediction equations for glomerular filtration rate useful for the long‑term monitoring of Type 2 diabetic patients? Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 21, 2152–2158 (2006).
  • Chudleigh RA, Dunseath G, Evans W et al. How reliable is estimation of glomerular filtration rate at diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes? Diabetes Care 30, 300–305 (2007).
  • Rule AD, Larson TS, Bergstralh EJ, Slezak JM, Jacobsen SJ, Cosio FG. Using serum creatinine to estimate glomerular filtration rate: accuracy in good health and in chronic kidney disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 141, 929–937 (2004).
  • Levey AS. Measurement of renal function in chronic renal disease. Kidney Int. 38, 167–184 (1990).
  • Toffaletti JG, McDonnell EH. Variation of serum creatinine, cystatin C, and creatinine clearance tests in persons with normal renal function. Clin. Chim. Acta 395, 115–119 (2008).
  • Hilbrands LB, Artz MA, Wetzels JF, Koene RA. Cimetidine improves the reliability of creatinine as a marker of glomerular filtration. Kidney Int. 40, 1171–1176 (1991).
  • Yamazaki M, Li B, Louie SW et al. Effects of fibrates on human organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1-, multidrug resistance protein 2- and P-glycoprotein-mediated transport. Xenobiotica 35, 737–753 (2005).
  • Forsblom C, Hiukka A, Leinonen E, Sundvall J, Groop PH, Taskinen M-R. Effects of long-term fenofibrate treatment on markers of renal function in Type 2 diabetes: FIELD Helsinki substudy. Diabetes Care 33, 215–220 (2010).
  • Hottelart C, Esper NE, Achard JM, Pruna A, Fournier A. Fenofibrate increases blood creatinine, but does not change the glomerular filtration rate in patients with mild renal insufficiency. Nephrologie 20, 41–44 (1999).
  • Levin A, Duncan L, Djurdjev O et al. A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial of lipid-lowering strategies in patients with renal insufficiency: diet modification with or without fenofibrate. Clin. Nephrol. 53, 140–146 (2000).
  • Chen Y-J, Quilley J. Fenofibrate treatment of diabetic rats reduces nitrosative stress, renal cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and enhanced renal prostaglandin release. J. Pharmacol. Exper. Ther. 324, 658–663 (2008).
  • Abrahamson M, Olafsson I, Palsdottir A et al. Structure and expression of the human cystatin C gene. Biochem. J. 268, 287–294(1990).
  • Reed CH. Diagnostic applications of cystatin C. Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 57, 323–329 (2000).
  • Sjöström P, Tidman M, Jones I. Determination of the production rate and non-renal clearance of cystatin C and estimation of the glomerular filtration rate from the serum concentration of cystatin C in humans. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 65, 111–124 (2005).
  • Knight EL, Verhave JC, Spiegelman D et al. Factors influencing serum cystatin C levels other than renal function and the impact on renal function measurement. Kidney Int. 65, 1416–1421 (2004).
  • Mandard S, Müller M, Kersten S. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a target genes. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61, 393–416 (2004).
  • Schiffrin EL. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors and cardiovascular remodeling. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 288, H1037–H1043 (2005).
  • Guidi E, Minetti EE, Cozzi MG. Acute and long-term effects of ACE inhibition on renal haemodynamics in glomerular and interstitial nephropathies. J. Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 3, 40–45 (2002).
  • Ruggenenti P, Cravedi P, Remuzzi G. The RAAS in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 6, 319–330 (2010).
  • Bakris GL, Weir MR. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated elevations in serum creatinine. Is this a cause for concern? Arch. Intern. Med. 160, 685–693 (2000).
  • Tonelli M, Gill J, Pandeya S, Bohm C, Levin A, Kiberd BA. Barriers to blood pressure control and angiotensin enzyme inhibitor use in Canadian patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 17, 1426–1433 (2002).
  • Holtkamp FA, de Zeeuw D, Thomas MC et al. An acute fall in estimated glomerular filtration rate during treatment with losartan predicts a slower decrease in long-term renal function. Kidney Int. 80, 282–287 (2011).
  • Hemmelgarn BR, Manns BJ, Lloyd A et al. Relation between kidney function, proteinuria, and adverse outcomes. JAMA 303, 423–429 (2010).
  • Ninomiya T, Perkovic V, de Galan B et al. Albuminuria and kidney function independently predict cardiovascular and renal outcomes in diabetes. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 20, 1813–1821 (2009).
  • Shahinfar S, Dickson T, Zhang Z, Keane WF, Brenner BM, for the RENAAL Investigators. Baseline predictors of end-stage renal disease risk in patients with Type 2 diabetes and nephropathy: new lessons from the RENAAL Study. Kidney Int. 67, S48–S51 (2005).
  • Ting RD, Keech AC, Drury PL et al. Benefits and safety of long-term fenofibrate therapy in people with Type 2 diabetes and renal impairment: the FIELD Study. Diabetes Care 35, 218–225 (2012).
  • Davidson MH, Armani A, McKenney JM, Jacobson TA. Safety considerations with fibrate therapy. Am. J. Cardiol. 99, S3–S18 (2007).
  • Holoshitz N, Alsheikh-Ali AA, Karas RH. Relative safety of gemfibrozil and fenofibrate in the absence of concomitant cerivastatin use. Am. J. Cardiol. 101, 95–97 (2008).
  • Kostapanos MS, Florentin M, Elisaf MS. Fenofibrate and the kidney: an overview. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 43, 522–531 (2013).
  • Chapman MJ. Pharmacology of fenofibrate. Am. J. Med. 83, 21–25 (1987).
  • Harper CR, Jacobson TA. Managing dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51, 2375–2384 (2008).
  • K/DOQI. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for management of dyslipidemias in patients with kidney disease. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 41, I–IV, S1–S91 (2003).
  • 92 McPherson R, Frohlich J, Fodor G, Genest J, Canadian Cardiovascular S. Canadian Cardiovascular Society position statement – recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Can. J. Cardiol. 22, 913–927 (2006).
  • 93 Sica D. Fibrate therapy and renal function. Curr. Atherosclerosis Rep. 11, 338–342 (2009).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.