References
- Merkel S , MansmannU, SiassiM, PapadopoulosT, HohenbergerW, HermanekP. The prognostic inhomogeneity in pT3 rectal carcinomas. Int. J. Colorectal Dis.16(5), 298–304 (2001).
- Nagtegaal ID , QuirkeP. What is the role for the circumferential margin in the modern treatment of rectal cancer?J. Clin. Oncol.26(2), 303–312 (2008).
- Secco GB , RaveraG, BonfantePet al. Prognostic indicators of local recurrence in patients operated for rectal cancer. Hepatogastroenterology48(41), 1346–1350 (2001).
- Talbot IC , RitchieS, LeightonMH, HughesAO, BusseyHJ, MorsonBC. The clinical significance of invasion of veins by rectal cancer. Br. J. Surg.67(6), 439–442 (1980).
- Bosset JF , ColletteL, CalaisGet al. Chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med.355(11), 1114–1123 (2006).
- Gerard JP , ConroyT, BonnetainFet al. Preoperative radiotherapy with or without concurrent fluorouracil and leucovorin in T3–4 rectal cancers: results of FFCD 9203. J. Clin. Oncol.24(28), 4620–4625 (2006).
- Verhoef C , de WiltJH, BurgerJW, VerheulHM, KoopmanM. Surgery of the primary in stage IV colorectal cancer with unresectable metastases. Eur. J. Cancer47(Suppl. 3), S61–S66 (2011).
- Beets-Tan RG , BeetsGL, BorstlapACet al. Preoperative assessment of local tumor extent in advanced rectal cancer: CT or high-resolution MRI? Abdom. Imaging25(5), 533–541 (2000).
- Blomqvist L , HolmT, NyrenS, SvanstromR, UlvskogY, IseliusL. MR imaging and computed tomography in patients with rectal tumours clinically judged as locally advanced. Clin. Radiol.57(3), 211–218 (2002).
- Mathur P , SmithJJ, RamseyCet al. Comparison of CT and MRI in the pre-operative staging of rectal adenocarcinoma and prediction of circumferential resection margin involvement by MRI. Colorectal Dis.5(5), 396–401 (2003).
- MERCURY Study Group . Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging in predicting curative resection of rectal cancer: prospective observational study. BMJ 333(7572), 779 (2006).
- Engstrom PF , ArnolettiJP, BensonAB3rdet al. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: rectal cancer. J. Natl Compr. Canc. Netw.7(8), 838–881 (2009).
- Oncoline. Dutch guideline for rectal cancer. www.oncoline.nl/rectumcarcinoom
- Schmoll HJ , Van CutsemE, SteinAet al. ESMO consensus guidelines for management of patients with colon and rectal cancer. A personalized approach to clinical decision making. Ann. Oncol.23(10), 2479–2516 (2012).
- Lim SB , ChoiHS, JeongSYet al. Optimal surgery time after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancers. Ann. Surg.248(2), 243–251 (2008).
- Theodoropoulos G , WiseWE, PadmanabhanAet al. T-level downstaging and complete pathologic response after preoperative chemoradiation for advanced rectal cancer result in decreased recurrence and improved disease-free survival. Dis. Colon Rectum45(7), 895–903 (2002).
- Wheeler JM , DoddsE, WarrenBFet al. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer: correlation with rectal cancer regression grade. Dis. Colon Rectum47(12), 2025–2031 (2004).
- Beets-Tan RG , LambregtsDM, MaasMet al. Magnetic resonance imaging for the clinical management of rectal cancer patients: recommendations from the 2012 European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) consensus meeting. Eur. Radiol.23(9), 2522–2531 (2013).
- van der Paardt MP , ZagersMB, Beets-TanRG, StokerJ, BipatS. Patients who undergo preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer restaged by using diagnostic MR imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Radiology269(1), 101–112 (2013).
- Alberda WJ , DassenHP, DwarkasingRSet al. Prediction of tumor stage and lymph node involvement with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI after chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. Int. J. Colorectal Dis.28(4), 573–580 (2013).
- Hanly AM , RyanEM, RogersACet al. Multicenter evaluation of rectal cancer reimaging post neoadjuvant (MERRION) therapy. Ann. Surg. 259 (4), 723–727 (2014).
- Gerard A , BuyseM, NordlingerBet al. Preoperative radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment in rectal cancer. Final results of a randomized study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Ann. Surg.208(5), 606–614 (1988).
- Aschele C , CioniniL, LonardiSet al. Primary tumor response to preoperative chemoradiation with or without oxaliplatin in locally advanced rectal cancer: pathologic results of the STAR-01 randomized Phase III trial. J. Clin. Oncol.29(20), 2773–2780 (2011).
- Gerard JP , RostomY, GalJet al. Can we increase the chance of sphincter saving surgery in rectal cancer with neoadjuvant treatments: lessons from a systematic review of recent randomized trials. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol.81(1), 21–28 (2012).
- Barbaro B , FiorucciC, TebalaCet al. Locally advanced rectal cancer: MR imaging in prediction of response after preoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Radiology250(3), 730–739 (2009).
- Suppiah A , HunterIA, CowleyJet al. Magnetic resonance imaging accuracy in assessing tumour down-staging following chemoradiation in rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis.11(3), 249–253 (2009).
- Habr-Gama A , PerezRO, NadalinWet al. Operative versus nonoperative treatment for stage 0 distal rectal cancer following chemoradiation therapy: long-term results. Ann. Surg.240(4), 711–717; discussion 717–718 (2004).
- Maas M , Beets-TanRG, LambregtsDMet al. Wait-and-see policy for clinical complete responders after chemoradiation for rectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.29(35), 4633–4640 (2011).
- Glynne-Jones R , HughesR. Critical appraisal of the 'wait and see' approach in rectal cancer for clinical complete responders after chemoradiation. Br. J. Surg.99(7), 897–909 (2012).
- Bokkerink GM , de GraafEJ, PuntCJet al. The CARTS study: chemoradiation therapy for rectal cancer in the distal rectum followed by organ-sparing transanal endoscopic microsurgery. BMC Surg.11, 34 (2011).
- Beyond TME Collaborative . Consensus statement on the multidisciplinary management of patients with recurrent and primary rectal cancer beyond total mesorectal excision planes. Br. J. Surg.100(8), E1–E33 (2013).
- Patel UB , TaylorF, BlomqvistLet al. Magnetic resonance imaging-detected tumor response for locally advanced rectal cancer predicts survival outcomes: MERCURY experience. J. Clin. Oncol.29(28), 3753–3760 (2011).
- Dresen RC , BeetsGL, RuttenHJet al. Locally advanced rectal cancer: MR imaging for restaging after neoadjuvant radiation therapy with concomitant chemotherapy. Part I. Are we able to predict tumor confined to the rectal wall? Radiology 252(1), 71–80 (2009).
- Patel UB , BrownG, RuttenHet al. Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological response to chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Ann. Surg. Oncol.19(9), 2842–2852 (2012).
- Sassen S , de BooijM, SosefMet al. Locally advanced rectal cancer: is diffusion weighted MRI helpful for the identification of complete responders (ypT0N0) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy? Eur. Radiol. 23(12), 3440–3449 (2013).
- de Campos-Lobato LF , GeislerDP, da Luz MoreiraA, StocchiL, DietzD, KaladyMF. Neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: the impact of longer interval between chemoradiation and surgery. J. Gastrointest. Surg.15(3), 444–450 (2011).
- Wolthuis AM , PenninckxF, HaustermansKet al. Impact of interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and TME for locally advanced rectal cancer on pathologic response and oncologic outcome. Ann. Surg. Oncol.19(9), 2833–2841 (2012).
- Ayez N , AlberdaWJ, BurgerJWet al. Is restaging with chest and abdominal CT scan after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer necessary? Ann. Surg. Oncol. 20(1), 155–160 (2013).