89
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Guidelines for diagnosis, staging and treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer by Grupo Español Multidisciplinar en Cancer Digestivo (GEMCAD)

, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 97-112 | Published online: 16 Apr 2015

References

  • Therasse P , ArbuckSG, EisenhauerEAet al. New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, National Cancer Institute of the United States, National Cancer Institute of Canada. J. Natl Cancer Inst.92, 205–216 (2000).
  • Eisenhauer EA , TherasseP, BogaertsJet al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur. J. Cancer45, 228–247 (2009).
  • Floriani I , TorriV, RulliEet al. Performance of imaging modalities in diagnosis of liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging31, 19–31 (2010).
  • Chung WS , KimMJ, ChungYEet al. Comparison of gadoxetic acid-enhanced dynamic imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging for the preoperative evaluation of colorectal liver metastases. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging34, 345–353 (2011).
  • Yip VS , CollinsB, DunneDFet al. Optimal imaging sequence for staging in colorectal liver metastases: analysis of three hypothetical imaging strategies. Eur. J. Cancer50, 937–943 (2014).
  • Chun YS , VautheyJN, BoonsirikamchaiPet al. Association of computed tomography morphologic criteria with pathologic response and survival in patients treated with bevacizumab for colorectal liver metastases. JAMA302, 2338–2344 (2009).
  • Ford R , SchwartzL, DanceyJet al. Lessons learned from independent central review. Eur. J. Cancer45, 268–274 (2009).
  • Sorbye H , KohneCH, SergeantDJ, GrimeliusB. Patients characteristics and stratification in medical treatment studies for metastatic colorectal cancer: a proposal for standardization of patients characteristic reporting and stratification. Ann. Oncol.18, 1666–1672 (2007).
  • Sargent DJ , KohneCH, SanoffHKet al. Pooled safety and efficacy analysis examining the effect of performance status on outcomes in nine-first-line treatments trials using individual data from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.12, 1948–1955 (2009).
  • Mitry E , DouillardJY, Van CutsemEet al. Predictive factors of survival in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: an individual data analysis of 602 patients included in irinotecan Phase III trials. Ann. Oncol.15, 1013–1017 (2004).
  • Kohne CH , CunninghamD, DiCFet al. Clinical determinants of survival in patients with 5-flurouracil-based treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: results of a multivariate analysis of 3825 patients. Ann. Oncol.13, 308–317 (2002).
  • Chibaudel B , BonnetainF, TournigandCet al. Simplified prognostic model in patients with oxaliplatin-based or irinotecan-based first-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: a GERCOR study. Oncologist16, 1228–1238 (2011).
  • Giacchetti S , ItzhakiM, GruiaGet al. Long-term survival of patients with unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases following infusional chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin and surgery. Ann. Oncol.10, 663–669 (1999).
  • Ince WL , JubbAM, HoldenSNet al. Association of k-ras, b-raf, and p53 status with the treatment of bevacizumab. J. Natl Cancer Inst.97, 981–989 (2005).
  • Van Cutsem E , KöhneCH, LángIet al. Cetuximab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: updated analysis of overall survival according to tumor KRAS and BRAF mutation status. J. Clin. Oncol.29, 2011–2019 (2011).
  • Richman SD , SeymourMT, ChambersPet al. KRAS and BRAF mutations in advanced colorectal cancer are associated with poor prognosis but do not preclude benefit from oxaliplatin or irinotecan: results from the MRC Trial. J. Clin. Oncol.27, 5931–5937 (2009).
  • Tol J , NagtegaalID, PuntCJ. BRAF mutation in metastatic colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med.361, 98–99 (2009).
  • Venderbosch S , NagtegaalID, MaughanTSet al. Mismatch repair status and BRAF mutation status in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: a pooled analysis of the CAIRO, CAIRO2, COIN, and FOCUS studies. Clin. Cancer Res.20, 5322–5330 (2014).
  • Alonso V , MarmolM, EscuderoPet al. A validation of current prognostic scores in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and a new prognostic score (A GEMCAD study). ESMO Proc.6591 (2014).
  • Nordlinger B , GuiguetM, VaillantJCet al. Surgical resection of colorectal carcinoma metastases to the liver. A prognostic scoring system to improve case selection, based on 1568 patients. Association Française de Chirurgie. Cancer77, 1254–1262 (1996).
  • Rusthoven KE , KavanaghBD, CardenesHet al. Multi-institutional Phase I/II trial of stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver metastases. J. Clin. Oncol.27, 1572–1578 (2009).
  • Fong Y , FortnerJ, SunRL, BrennanMF, BlumgartLH. Clinical score for predicting recurrence after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: ana-lysis of 1001 consecutive cases. Ann. Surg.230, 309–318 (1999).
  • Scheele J , StangR, Altendorf-HofmannA, PaulM. Resection of colorectal liver metastases. World J. Surg.19, 59–71 (1995).
  • Minagawa M , MakuuchiM, TorzilliGet al. Extension of the frontiers of surgical indications in the treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer: long-term results. Ann. Surg.231, 487–499 (2000).
  • Mandrekar SJ , SargentDJ. Clinical trials designs for predictive biomarker validation: theoretical considerations and practical challenges. J. Clin. Oncol.27, 4027–4034 (2009).
  • Ocana A , TannockIF. When are ‘positive’ clinical trials in oncology truly positive?J. Natl Cancer Inst.103, 16–20 (2011).
  • Ellis LM , BernsteinDS, VoestEE, BerlinJD, SargentD, CortazarP. American society of clinical oncology perspective: raising the bar for clinical trials by defining clinically meaningful outcomes. J. Clin. Oncol.32, 1277–1280 (2014).
  • Louvet C , de GramontA, TournigandCet al. Correlation between progression free survival and response rate in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Cancer91, 2033–2038 (2001).
  • Tang PA , BentzenSM, ChenEX, LiuLL. Surrogate end points for median overall survival in metastatic colorectal cancer: literature-based analysis from 39 randomized controlled trials of first-line chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol.25, 4562–4568 (2007).
  • Buyse M , BurzykowskiT, CarrollKet al. Progression-free survival is a surrogate for survival in advanced colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.25, 5218–5224 (2007).
  • Giessen C , LaubenderRP, AnkerstDPet al. Progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for median overall survival in metastatic colorectal cancer: literature-based analysis from 50 randomized first-line trials. Clin. Cancer Res.19, 225–235 (2013).
  • Petrelli F , BarniS. Correlation of progression-free and post-progression survival with overall survival in advanced colorectal cancer. Ann. Oncol.24, 186–192 (2013).
  • Sidhu R , RongA, DahlbergS. Evaluation of progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for survival in chemotherapy and targeted agent metastatic colorectal cancer trials. Clin. Cancer Res.19, 964–976 (2013).
  • Ychou M , HohenbergerW, ThezenasSet al. A randomized Phase III study comparing adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid with FOLFIRI in patients following complete resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Ann. Oncol.20, 1964–1970 (2009).
  • Lorenz M , MullerHH, SchrammH. Randomized trial of surgery versus surgery followed by adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid for liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg.228, 756–762 (1998).
  • Kemeny MM , AdakS, GrayB. Combined-modality treatment for resectable metastatic colorectal carcinoma to the liver: surgical resection of hepatic metastases in combination with continuous infusion of chemotherapy-an intergroup study. J. Clin. Oncol.20, 1499–1505 (2002).
  • Kemeny N , HuangY, CohenAMet al. Hepatic arterial infusion of chemotherapy after resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med.341, 2039–2048 (1999).
  • Nordlinger B , SorbyeH, GlimeliusBet al. Perioperative chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 and surgery versus surgery alone for resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer (EORTC Intergroup trial 40983): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet371, 1007–1016 (2008).
  • Nordlinger B , SorbyeH, GlimeliusBet al. Perioperative FOLFOX4 chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone for resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer (EORTC 40983): long-term results of a randomised, controlled, Phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol.14, 1208–1215 (2013).
  • Primrose J , FalkS, Finch-JonesMet al. Systemic chemotherapy with or without cetuximab in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastasis: the New EPOC randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol.15, 601–611 (2014).
  • Alberts SR , HorvathWL, SternfeldWC. Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for patients with unresectable liver-only metastases from colorectal cancer: a North Central Cancer Treatment Group Phase II study. J. Clin. Oncol.23, 9243–9249 (2005).
  • Folprecht G , GruenbergerT, BechsteinWOet al. Tumour response and secondary resectability of colorectal liver metastases following neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cetuximab: the CELIM randomised Phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol.11, 38–47 (2010).
  • Ruers T , PuntC, Van CoevordenFet al. Radiofrequency ablation combined with systemic treatment versus systemic treatment alone in patients with non-resectable colorectal liver metastases: a randomized EORTC Intergroup Phase II study (EORTC 40004). Ann. Oncol.23, 2619–2626 (2012).
  • Ye LC , LiuTS, RenLet al. Randomized controlled trial of cetuximab plus chemotherapy for patients with KRAS wild-type unresectable colorectal liver-limited metastases. J. Clin. Oncol.31, 1931–938 (2013).
  • Douillard JY , CunninghamD, RothADet al. Irinotecan combined with fluorouracil compared with fluorouracil alone as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicenter randomised trial. Lancet355, 1041–1047 (2000).
  • Saltz LB , CoxJV, BlankeCet al. Irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. Irinotecan Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med.343, 905–914 (2000).
  • Giacchetti S , PerpointB, ZidaniR. Phase III multicenter randomized trial of oxaliplatin added to chronomodulated fluorouracil-leucovorin as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.18, 136–147 (2000).
  • de Gramont A , FigerA, SeymourMet al. Leucovorin and fluorouracil with or without oxaliplatin as first-line treatment in advanced colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.18, 2938–2947 (2000).
  • Köhne CH , van CutsemE, WilsJet al. Phase III study of weekly high-dose infusional fluorouracil plus folinic acid with or without irinotecan in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Group Study 40986. J. Clin. Oncol.23, 4856–4865 (2005).
  • Cunningham D , SirohiB, PluzanskaAet al. Two different first-line 5-fluorouracil regimens with or without oxaliplatin in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann. Oncol.20, 244–250 (2009).
  • Goldberg RM , SargentDJ, MortonRFet al. Randomized controlled trial of reduced-dose bolus fluorouracil plus leucovorin and irinotecan or infused fluorouracil plus leucovorin and oxaliplatin in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer: a North American Intergroup Trial. J. Clin. Oncol.24, 3347–3353 (2006).
  • Goldberg RM , SargentDJ, MortonRFet al. A randomized controlled trial of fluorouracil plus leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin combinations in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.22, 23–30 (2004).
  • Tournigand C , AndréT, AchilleEet al. FOLFIRI followed by FOLFOX6 or the reverse sequence in advanced colorectal cancer: a randomized GERCOR study. J. Clin. Oncol.22, 229–237 (2004).
  • Colucci G , GebbiaV, PaolettiGet al. Gruppo Oncologico Dell'Italia Meridionale. Phase III randomized trial of FOLFIRI versus FOLFOX4 in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: a multicenter study of the Gruppo Oncologico Dell'Italia Meridionale. J. Clin. Oncol.23, 4866–4875 (2005).
  • Díaz-Rubio E , TaberneroJ, Gómez-EspañaAet al. Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumors. Phase III study of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin compared with continuous-infusion fluorouracil plus oxaliplatin as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: final report of the Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumors Trial. J. Clin. Oncol.25, 4224–4230 (2007).
  • Porschen R , ArkenauHT, KubickaSet al. AIO Colorectal Study Group. Phase III study of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin compared with fluorouracil and leucovorin plus oxaliplatin in metastatic colorectal cancer: a final report of the AIO Colorectal Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol.25, 4217–4223 (2007).
  • Ducreux M , BennounaJ, HebbarMet al. Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) versus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-6) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. Int. J. Cancer128, 682–690 (2011).
  • Cassidy J , ClarkeS, Diaz-RubioEet al. Randomized Phase III study of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin compared with fluorouracil/folinic acid plus oxaliplatin as first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.26, 2006–2012 (2008).
  • Seymour MT , MaughanTS, LedermannJAet al. FOCUS Trial Investigators . National Cancer Research Institute Colorectal Clinical Studies Group. Different strategies of sequential and combination chemotherapy for patients with poor prognosis advanced colorectal cancer (MRC FOCUS): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet370, 143–152 (2007).
  • Koopman M , AntoniniNF, DoumaJet al. Sequential versus combination chemotherapy with capecitabine, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin in advanced colorectal cancer (CAIRO): a Phase III randomised controlled trial. Lancet370, 135–142 (2007).
  • Ducreux M , MalkaD, MendiboureJet al. Fédération Francophone de Cancérologie Digestive (FFCD) 2000–05 Collaborative Group. Sequential versus combination chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (FFCD 2000–05): an open-label, randomised, Phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol.12, 1032–1044 (2011).
  • Tournigand C , CervantesA, FigerAet al. OPTIMOX1: a randomized study of FOLFOX4 or FOLFOX7 with oxaliplatin in a stop-and-Go fashion in advanced colorectal cancer-a GERCOR study. J. Clin. Oncol.24, 394–400 (2006).
  • Chibaudel B , Maindrault-GoebelF, LledoGet al. Can chemotherapy be discontinued in unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer? The GERCOR OPTIMOX2 Study. J. Clin. Oncol.27, 5727–5733 (2009).
  • Adams RA , MeadeAM, SeymourMTet al. MRC COIN Trial Investigators. Intermittent versus continuous oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine combination chemotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: results of the randomised Phase 3 MRC COIN trial. Lancet Oncol.12, 642–653 (2011).
  • Labianca R , SobreroA, IsaLet al. Intermittent versus continuous chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer: a randomised ‘GISCAD’ trial. Ann. Oncol.22, 1236–1242 (2011).
  • Díaz-Rubio E , Gómez-EspañaA, MassutíBet al. First-line XELOX plus bevacizumab followed by XELOX plus bevacizumab or single-agent bevacizumab as maintenance therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: the Phase III MACRO TTD study. Oncologist17, 15–25 (2012).
  • Schmiegel W , Reinacher-SchickA, ArnoldDet al. Capecitabine/irinotecan or capecitabine/oxaliplatin in combination with bevacizumab is effective and safe as first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized Phase II study of the AIO colorectal study group. Ann. Oncol.24, 1580–587 (2013).
  • Koeberle D , BetticherDC, Von MoosRet al. Bevacizumab continuation versus no continuation after first-line chemo-bevacizumab therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized Phase III noninferiority trial (SAKK 41/06). Presented at: ASCO Annual Meeting 2013. Chicago, USA, 31 May–4 June 2013 ( Abstract 3503).
  • Shiu K-K , MaughamT, WilsonRHet al. FOCUS 4: a prospective molecularly stratified, adaptive multicenter program of randomized controlled trials for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Presented at: ASCO Annual Meeting 2013. Chicago, USA, 31 May–4 June 2013 ( Abstract Trials In Progress 3645).
  • Koopman M , SimkensLHJ, MayAMet al. Final results and subgroup analyses of the Phase 3 CAIRO3 study: maintenance treatment with capecitabine + bevacizumab versus observation after induction treatment with chemotherapy + bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Presented at: ASCO Annual Meeting. Chicago, IL, USA, 30 May–3 June 2014 ( Abstract 3504).
  • Arnold D , GraevenU, LerchenmullerCAet al. Maintenance strategy with fluoropyrimidines (FP) plus bevacizumab (Bev), Bev alone, or no treatment, following a standard combination of FP, oxaliplatin (Ox), and Bev as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): a Phase III non-inferiority trial (AIO KRK 0207). Presented at: ASCO Annual Meeting. Chicago, IL, USA, 30 May–3 June 2014 ( Abstract 3503).
  • Hurwitz H , FehrenbacherL, NovotnyWet al. Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med.350, 2335–2342 (2004).
  • Saltz LB , ClarkeS, Díaz-RubioEet al. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized Phase III study. J. Clin. Oncol.26, 2013–2019 (2008).
  • Tebbutt N , WilsonK, V. GebskiVet al. Capecitabine, bevacizumab, and mitomycin in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: results of the Australasian Gastrointestinal Trials Group Randomized Phase III MAX Study. J. Clin. Oncol.28, 3191–3198 (2010).
  • Van Cutsem E , KöhneCH, HitreEet al. Cetuximab and chemotherapy as initial treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med.360, 1408–1417 (2009).
  • Douillard JY , SienaS, CassidyJet al. Randomized, Phase III trial of panitumumab with infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX4) versus FOLFOX4 alone as first-line treatment in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer: the PRIME study. J. Clin. Oncol.28, 4697–4705 (2010).
  • Maughan TS , AdamsRA, SmithCG, MeadeAM, SeymourMT, WilsonRH, Addition of cetuximab to oxaliplatin-based first-line combination chemotherapy for treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: results of the randomised Phase 3 MRC COIN trial. Lancet377, 2103–2114 (2011).
  • Tveit KM , GurenT, GlimeliusB, PfeifferP, SorbyeH, PyrhonenS. Phase III trial of cetuximab with continuous or intermittent fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (Nordic FLOX) versus FLOX alone in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: the NORDIC-VII study. J. Clin. Oncol.30, 1755–1762 (2012).
  • Douillard JY , OlinerKS, SienaSet al. Panitumumab-FOLFOX4 treatment and RAS mutations in colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med.369, 1023–1034 (2013).
  • Heinemann V , von WeikersthalLF, DeckerTet al. FOLFIRI plus cetuximab versus FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (FIRE-3): a randomised, open-label, Phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol.15, 1065–1075 (2014).
  • Schwartzberg LS , RiveraF, KarthausMet al. PEAK: a randomized, multicenter Phase II study of panitumumab plus modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) or bevacizumab plus mFOLFOX6 in patients with previously untreated, unresectable, wild-type KRAS exon 2 metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.32, 2240–2247 (2014).
  • Venook AP , NiedzwieckiD, LenzHet al. CALGB/SWOG 80405: Phase III trial of irinotecan/5-FU/leucovorin (FOLFIRI) or oxaliplatin/5-FU/leucovorin (mFOLFOX6) with bevacizumab (BV) or cetuximab (CET) for patients (pts) with KRAS wild-type (wt) untreated adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum (MCRC). Presented at: ASCO Annual Meeting. Chicago, IL, USA, 30 May–3 June 2014 ( Abstract Late Breaking Abstract 3).
  • Van Cutsem E , TaberneroJ, LakomyRet al. Addition of aflibercept to fluorouracil, leucovorin and irinotecan improves survival in a Phase III randomized trial in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer previously treated with an oxaliplatin-based regimen. J. Clin. Oncol.30, 3499–3506 (2012).
  • Peeters M , PriceTJ, CervantesAet al. Randomized Phase III study of panitumumab with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) compared with FOLFIRI alone as second-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.28, 4706–4013 (2010).
  • Giantonio BJ , CatalanoPJ, MeropolNJet al. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX4) for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer: results from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3200. J. Clin. Oncol.25, 1539–1544 (2007).
  • Bennouna J , SastreJ, ArnoldDet al. Continuation of bevacizumab after first progression in metastatic colorectal cancer (ML18147): a randomised Phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol.14, 29–37 (2013).
  • Sobrero AF , MaurelJ, FehrenbacherLet al. EPIC: Phase III trial of cetuximab plus irinotecan after fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin failure in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.26, 2311–2319 (2008).
  • Seymour MT , BrownSR, MiddletonGet al. Panitumumab and irinotecan versus irinotecan alone for patients with KRAS wild-type, fluorouracil-resistant advanced colorectal cancer (PICCOLO): a prospectively stratified randomised trial. Lancet Oncol.14, 749–759 (2013).
  • Grothey A , CutsemEV, SobreroA, SienaS, FalconeA, YchouM. Regorafenib monotherapy for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (CORRECT): an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 trial. Lancet381, 303–312 (2013).
  • Jonker DJ , O'CallaghanCJ, KarapetisCSet al. Cetuximab for the treatment of colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med.357, 2040–2048 (2007).
  • Van Cutsem E , PeetersM, SienaSet al. Open-label Phase III trial of panitumumab plus best supportive care compared with best supportive care alone in patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.25, 1658–1664 (2007).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.