References
- Collaborators GBDS . Global, regional, and national burden of stroke, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol.18(5), 439–458 (2019).
- Boehme AK , EsenwaC , ElkindMS. Stroke Risk Factors, Genetics, and Prevention. Circ. Res.120(3), 472–495 (2017).
- Yu S , SuZ , MiaoJet al. Different Types of Family History of Stroke and Stroke Risk: Results Based on 655,552 Individuals. J. Stroke and Cerebrovasc. Dis.28(3), 587–594 (2019).
- Huang HD , YangCM , ShuHFet al. Genetic predisposition of stroke: understanding the evolving landscape through meta-analysis. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med.8(1), 1315–1323 (2015).
- Malik R , DauT , GonikMet al. Common coding variant in SERPINA1 increases the risk for large artery stroke. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA114(14), 3613–3618 (2017).
- Network NSG , International Stroke Genetics C. Loci associated with ischaemic stroke and its subtypes (SiGN): a genome-wide association study. Lancet Neurol.15(2), 174–184 (2016).
- International Stroke Genetics C , Wellcome Trust Case Control C, BellenguezCet al.Genome-wide association study identifies a variant in HDAC9 associated with large vessel ischemic stroke. Nat. Genet.44(3), 328–333 (2012).
- Malik R , TraylorM , PulitSLet al. Low-frequency and common genetic variation in ischemic stroke: The METASTROKE collaboration. Neurology86(13), 1217–1226 (2016).
- Gudbjartsson DF , HolmH , GretarsdottirSet al. A sequence variant in ZFHX3 on 16q22 associates with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Nat. Genet.41(8), 876–878 (2009).
- Pulit SL , WengLC , McardlePFet al. Atrial fibrillation genetic risk differentiates cardioembolic stroke from other stroke subtypes. Neurol. Genet.4(6), e293 (2018).
- Traylor M , MalikR , NallsMAet al. Genetic variation at 16q24.2 is associated with small vessel stroke. Ann. Neurol.81(3), 383–394 (2017).
- Kilarski LL , AchterbergS , DevanWJet al. Meta-analysis in more than 17,900 cases of ischemic stroke reveals a novel association at 12q24.12. Neurology83(8), 678–685 (2014).
- Tregouet DA , HeathS , SautNet al. Common susceptibility alleles are unlikely to contribute as strongly as the FV and ABO loci to VTE risk: results from a GWAS approach. Blood113(21), 5298–5303 (2009).
- Maurano MT , HumbertR , RynesEet al. Systematic localization of common disease-associated variation in regulatory DNA. Science337(6099), 1190–1195 (2012).
- Stratton MS , FarinaFM , EliaL. Epigenetics and vascular diseases. J. Mol. Cell Cardiol.133, 148–163 (2019).
- Ng GY , LimYA , SobeyCG , DheenT , FannDY , ArumugamTV. Epigenetic regulation of inflammation in stroke. Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord.11, 1756286418771815 (2018).
- Qureshi IA , MehlerMF. The emerging role of epigenetics in stroke: III. Neural stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. Arch. Neurol.68(3), 294–302 (2011).
- Brodie A , AzariaJR , OfranY. How far from the SNP may the causative genes be?Nucleic Acids Res.44(13), 6046–6054 (2016).
- Pelikan RC , KellyJA , FuYet al. Enhancer histone-QTLs are enriched on autoimmune risk haplotypes and influence gene expression within chromatin networks. Nat. Commun.9(1), 2905 (2018).
- Poppenberg KE , ZebraskiHR , AvasthiNet al. Epigenetic landscapes of intracranial aneurysm risk haplotypes implicate enhancer function of endothelial cells and fibroblasts in dysregulated gene expression. BMC Med. Genomics14(1), 162 (2021).
- Poppenberg KE , JiangK , TsoMKet al. Epigenetic landscapes suggest that genetic risk for intracranial aneurysm operates on the endothelium. BMC Med. Genomics12(1), 149 (2019).
- Malik R , ChauhanG , TraylorMet al. Multiancestry genome-wide association study of 520,000 subjects identifies 32 loci associated with stroke and stroke subtypes. Nat. Genet50(4), 524–537 (2018).
- Arnold M , RafflerJ , PfeuferA , SuhreK , KastenmüllerG. SNiPA: an interactive, genetic variant-centered annotation browser. Bioinformatics31(8), 1334–1336 (2014).
- Yang C , HawkinsKE , DoreS , Candelario-JalilE. Neuroinflammatory mechanisms of blood-brain barrier damage in ischemic stroke. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.316(2), C135–C153 (2019).
- Jiang K , ZhuL , BuckMJet al. Disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms from noncoding regions in juvenile idiopathic arthritis are located within or adjacent to functional genomic elements of human neutrophils and CD4+ T cells. Arthritis Rheumatol.67(7), 1966–1977 (2015).
- Alexander RP , FangG , RozowskyJ , SnyderM , GersteinMB. Annotating non-coding regions of the genome. Nat. Rev. Genet11(8), 559–571 (2010).
- Gasperini M , HillAJ , Mcfaline-FigueroaJLet al. A genome-wide framework for mapping gene regulation via cellular genetic screens. Cell176(6), 1516 (2019).
- Durand NC , RobinsonJT , ShamimMSet al. Juicebox provides a visualization system for Hi-C contact maps with unlimited zoom. Cell Syst.3(1), 99–101 (2016).
- Wang W , TangY , WangYet al. LNK/SH2B3 loss of function promotes atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Circ. Res.119(6), e91–e103 (2016).
- Rao SS , HuntleyMH , DurandNCet al. A 3D map of the human genome at kilobase resolution reveals principles of chromatin looping. Cell159(7), 1665–1680 (2014).
- Theofilatos K , KorfiatiA , MavroudiS , CowperthwaiteMC , ShpakM. Discovery of stroke-related blood biomarkers from gene expression network models. BMC Med. Genomics12(1), 118 (2019).
- Igolkina AA , ZinkevichA , KarandashevaKOet al. H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K27ac, H3K27me3 and H3K9me3histone tags suggest distinct regulatory evolution of open and condensed chromatin landmarks. Cells8(9), 1034 (2019).
- Shamis Y , SilvaEA , HewittKJet al. Fibroblasts derived from human pluripotent stem cells activate angiogenic responses in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One8(12), e83755 (2013).
- Xu L , YaoY. Central nervous system fibroblast-like cells in stroke and other neurological disorders. Stroke52(7), 2456–2464 (2021).
- Dordoe C , ChenK , HuangWet al. Roles of fibroblast growth factors and their therapeutic potential in treatment of ischemic stroke. Front.Pharmacol.12(853), 671131 (2021).
- Sweeney MD , KislerK , MontagneA , TogaAW , ZlokovicBV. The role of brain vasculature in neurodegenerative disorders. Nat. Neurosci.21(10), 1318–1331 (2018).
- Roquer J , SeguraT , SerenaJ , CastilloJ. Endothelial dysfunction, vascular disease and stroke: the ARTICO study. Cerebrovasc Dis.27(Suppl. 1), 25–37 (2009).
- Joutel A , CorpechotC , DucrosAet al. Notch3 mutations in CADASIL, a hereditary adult-onset condition causing stroke and dementia. Nature383(6602), 707–710 (1996).
- Weinl C , CastanedaVega S , RiehleHet al. Endothelial depletion of murine SRF/MRTF provokes intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA112(32), 9914–9919 (2015).
- Dardiotis E , AloizouAM , MarkoulaSet al. Cancer-associated stroke: pathophysiology, detection and management (Review). Int. J. Oncol.54(3), 779–796 (2019).
- Navi BB , KasnerSE , ElkindMSV , CushmanM , BangOY , DeangelisLM. Cancer and embolic stroke of undetermined source. Stroke52(3), 1121–1130 (2021).
- Chene P . Inhibiting the p53-MDM2 interaction: an important target for cancer therapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer3(2), 102–109 (2003).
- Wei Y , SunZ , WangYet al. Methylation in the TP53 promoter is associated with ischemic stroke. Mol. Med. Rep.20(2), 1404–1410 (2019).
- Vecino R , BurgueteMC , Jover-MengualTet al. The MDM2-p53 pathway is involved in preconditioning-induced neuronal tolerance to ischemia. Scientific Reports8(1), 1610 (2018).
- Rodriguez C , Ramos-AraqueME , Dominguez-MartinezMet al. Single-nucleotide polymorphism 309T>G in the MDM2 promoter determines functional outcome after stroke. Stroke49(10), 2437–2444 (2018).
- Meloche S , PouysségurJ. The ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway as a master regulator of the G1- to S-phase transition. Oncogene26(22), 3227–3239 (2007).
- Sun J , NanG. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway in neurological diseases: a potential therapeutic target (Review). Int. J. Mol. Med.39(6), 1338–1346 (2017).
- Sawe N , SteinbergG , ZhaoH. Dual roles of the MAPK/ERK1/2 cell signaling pathway after stroke. J. Neurosci. Res.86(8), 1659–1669 (2008).
- Mostajeran M , EdvinssonL , WarfvingeK , SinghR , AnsarS. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 in the acute phase of stroke improves long-term neurological outcome and promotes recovery processes in rats. Acta Physiol. (Oxf.)219(4), 814–824 (2017).
- Koh SH , LoEH. The role of the PI3K pathway in the regeneration of the damaged brain by neural stem cells after cerebral infarction. J. Clin. Neurol.11(4), 297–304 (2015).