References
- Jemal A , BrayF, CenterMM, FerlayJ, WardE, FormanD. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J. Clin.61(2) , 69–90 (2011).
- Draht MX , RiedlRR, NiessenH et al. Promoter CpG island methylation markers in colorectal cancer: the road ahead. Epigenomics 4(2) , 179–194 (2012).
- Hitchins MP , RapkinsRW, KwokCT et al. Dominantly inherited constitutional epigenetic silencing of MLH1 in a cancer-affected family is linked to a single nucleotide variant within the 5´UTR. Cancer Cell 20(2) , 200–213 (2011).
- Mrkonjic M , RoslinNM, GreenwoodCM et al. Specific variants in the MLH1 gene region may drive DNA methylation, loss of protein expression, and MSI-H colorectal cancer. PLoS ONE 5(10) , e13314 (2010).
- Cui H , Cruz-CorreaM, GiardielloFM et al. Loss of IGF2 imprinting: a potential marker of colorectal cancer risk. Science 299 , 1753–1755 (2003).
- Febbo PG , LadanyiM, AldapeKD et al. NCCN Task Force report: evaluating the clinical utility of tumor markers in oncology. J. Natl Compr. Canc. Netw. 9(Suppl. 5) , S1–32; quiz S33 (2011).
- Schwarzenbach H , HoonDS, PantelK. Cell-free nucleic acids as biomarkers in cancer patients. Nat. Rev. Cancer11(6) , 426–437 (2011).
- Herbst A , WallnerM, RahmigK et al. Methylation of helicase-like transcription factor in serum of patients with colorectal cancer is an independent predictor of disease recurrence. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 21(5) , 565–569 (2009).
- Lofton-Day C , ModelF, DevosT et al. DNA methylation biomarkers for blood-based colorectal cancer screening. Clin. Chem. 54(2) , 414–423 (2008).
- Ahlquist DA , ZouH, DomanicoM et al. Next-generation stool DNA test accurately detects colorectal cancer and large adenomas. Gastroenterology 142(2) , 248–256 (2012).
- Warren JD , XiongW, BunkerAM et al. Septin 9 methylated DNA is a sensitive and specific blood test for colorectal cancer. BMC Med. 9 , 133 (2011).
- Bosch LJ , OortFA, NeerincxM et al. DNA Methylation of phosphatase and actin regulator 3 detects colorectal cancer in stool and complements FIT. Cancer Prev. Res. (Phila) 5(3) , 464–472 (2012).
- Ahlquist DA , TaylorWR, MahoneyDW et al. The stool DNA test is more accurate than the plasma septin 9 test in detecting colorectal neoplasia. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 10(3) , 272.e1–277.e1 (2012).
- Lofton-Day C , ModelF, DevosT et al. DNA methylation biomarkers for blood-based colorectal cancer screening. Clin. Chem. 54(2) , 414–423 (2008).
- Tang D , LiuJ, WangDR, YuHF, LiYK, ZhangJQ. Diagnostic and prognostic value of the methylation status of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 in colorectal cancer. Clin. Invest. Med.34(2) , E88–E95 (2011).
- Lange CP , CampanM, HinoueT et al. Genome-scale discovery of DNA-methylation biomarkers for blood-based detection of colorectal cancer. PLoS ONE 7(11) , e50266 (2012).
- Toyota M , AhujaN, Ohe-ToyotaM, HermanJG, BaylinSB, IssaJP. CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA96 , 8681–8686 (1999).
- Weisenberger DJ , SiegmundKD, CampanM et al. CpG island methylator phenotype underlies sporadic microsatellite instability and is tightly associated with BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer. Nat. Genet. 38 , 787–793 (2006).
- Issa JP . CpG island methylator phenotype in cancer. Nat. Rev. Cancer4 , 988–993 (2004).
- Ribic CM , SargentDJ, MooreMJ et al. Tumor microsatellite-instability status as a predictor of benefit from fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 349(3) , 247–257 (2003).
- Van Rijnsoever M , ElsalehH, JosephD, MccaulK, IacopettaB. CpG island methylator phenotype is an independent predictor of survival benefit from 5-fluorouracil in stage III colorectal cancer. Clin. Cancer Res.9(8) , 2898–2903 (2003).
- Jover R , NguyenTP, Perez-CarbonellL et al. 5-Fluorouracil adjuvant chemotherapy does not increase survival in patients with CpG island methylator phenotype colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology 140(4) , 1174–1181 (2011).
- Ebert MP , TanzerM, BalluffB et al. TFAP2E-DKK4 and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 366(1) , 44–53 (2012).