Fast Up-Dosing with a Birch Allergoid is Safe and Well Tolerated in Allergic Rhinitis Patients with or without Asthma

References

• Mygind N , DahlR . Epidemiology of allergic rhinitis . Pediatr. Allergy Immunol.7 ( 9 Suppl. ), 57 – 62 ( 1996 ).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jarvis D , BurneyP . ABC of allergies. The epidemiology of allergic disease . BMJ316 , 607 – 610 ( 1998 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson DR , Torres LimaM , DurhamSR . Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis . In : Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2 . John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. , Chichester, UK ( 1999 ).
   Google Scholar
• de Monchy J , AndersenPS , BergmannKCet al. Living and learning with allergy: a European perception study on respiratory allergic disorders . Respir. Med.98 , 404 – 412 ( 2004 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panzner P , VachováM , VítovcováF , BrodskáF , VlasT . A comprehensive analysis of middle-european molecular sensitization profiles to pollen allergens . Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol.164 , 74 – 82 ( 2014 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The World Allergy Organization White Book on Allergy . World Allergy Organization . PawankarR , CanonicaGW , CasaleT , LockeyRF ( Eds ). Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA ( 2011 ).
   Google Scholar
• Egert-Schmidt AM , KolbeJM , MusslerS , Thum-OltmerS . Patients’ compliance with different administration routes for allergen immunotherapy in Germany . Patient Prefer. Adherence8 , 1475 – 1481 ( 2014 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta R , SheikhA , StrachanDP , AndersonHR . Burden of allergic disease in the UK: secondary analyses of national databases . Clin. Exp. Allergy34 , 520 – 526 ( 2004 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baroody FM . Allergic rhinitis: broader disease effects and implications for management . Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg.128 , 616 – 631 ( 2003 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Settipane RA . Complications of allergic rhinitis . Allergy Asthma Proc.20 , 209 – 213 ( 1999 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt J . Allergy immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis effectively prevents asthma: results form a large retrospective cohort study . J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.136 ( 6 ), 1511 – 1516 ( 2015 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox LS , HankinC , LockeyR . Allergy immunotherapy adherence and delivery route: location does not matter . J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract.2 , 156 – 160 ( 2014 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahesh PA , VedanthanPK , AmruthaDH , GiridharBH , PrabhakarAK . Factors associated with non-adherence to specific allergen immunotherapy in management of respiratory allergy . Indian J. Chest Dis. Allied Sci.52 , 91 – 95 ( 2010 ).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reisacher WR , VisayaJM . Patient adherence to allergy immunotherapy . Curr. Opin. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg.21 , 256 – 262 ( 2013 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Passalacqua G , BaiardiniI , SennaG , CanonicaGW . Adherence to pharmacological treatment and specific immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis . Clin. Exp. Allergy43 , 22 – 28 ( 2013 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva D , PereiraA , SantosN , PlácidoJL . Costs of treatment affect compliance to specific subcutaneous immunotherapy . Eur. Ann. Allergy Clin. Immunol.46 ( N2 ), 87 – 94 ( 2014 ).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Epstein TG , LissGM , Murphy-BerendtsK , BernsteinDI . AAAI and ACAAI surveillance study of subcutaneous immunotherapy, year 3: what practices modify the risk of systemic reactions?Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.110 , 247 – 278 ( 2013 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Copenhaver CC , ParkerA , PatchSet al. Systemic reactions with aeroallergen cluster immunotherapy in a clinical practice . Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.107 , 441 – 447 ( 2011 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein DI , WannerM , BorishL , LissGM . Twelve-year survey of fatal reactions to allergen injections and skin testing: 1990–2001 . Immunotherapy Committee, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology113 , 1129 ( 2004 ).
   Google Scholar
• Akdis CA , BlaserK . Regulation of specific immune responses by chemical and structural modifications of allergens . Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol.121 ( 4 ), 261 – 269 ( 2000 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brehler R , KlimekL , PfaarO , HauswaldB , WormM , BieberT . Safety of a rush immunotherapy build-up schedule with depigmented polymerized allergen extracts . Allergy Asthma Proc.31 ( 3 ), e31 – e38 ( 2010 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaker AM , Al-KadahB , LutherU , NeumannU , WagenmannM . An accelerated dose escalation with a grass pollen allergoid is safe and well-tolerated: a randomized open label Phase II trial . Clin. Transl. Allergy6 , 4 ( 2016 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHMP/BWP/304831/2007 . Guideline on allergen products: production and quality issues . www.ema.europa.eu/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-allergen-products-production-quality-issues_en.pdf .
   Google Scholar
• CHMP/EWP/18504/2006 . Guideline on the clinical development of products for specific immunotherapy . www.ema.europa.eu/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-clinical-development-products-specific-immunotherapy-treatment-allergic-diseases_en.pdf .
   Google Scholar
• Bateman ED , HurdSS , BarnesPJ , BousquetJ , DrazenJM , FitzGeraldJMet al. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention: GINA executive summary . Eur. Respir. J.31 ( 1 ), 143 – 178 ( 2008 ).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brehler R , KahlertH , Thum-OltmerS . Hypoallergenic preparations in SCIT. Immunological features and their impact on clinical efficacy and safety, exemplary for the allergoids Allergovit®, Acaroid® and a folding variant of the recombinant birch pollen major allergen Bet v 1 . Allergo J.19 , 477 – 484 ( 2010 ).
   Google Scholar
• Likert R . A technique for the measurement of attitudes . Arch. Psycol.22 , 1 – 55 ( 1932 ).
   Google Scholar
• Mahesh PA , VedanthanPK , AmruthaDH , GiridharBH , PrabhakarAK . Factors associated with non-adherence to specific allergen immunotherapy in management of respiratory allergy . Indian J. Chest Dis. Allied Sci.52 , 91 – 95 ( 2010 ).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar