References
- Alhammoud A , MaazB , AlhaneediGA , AlnouriM. External fixation for primary and definitive management of open long bone fractures: the Syrian war experience. Intern. Orthop.43(12), 2661–2670 (2019).
- Wu JJ , LolloL , GrabinskyA. Regional anesthesia in trauma medicine. Anesthesiol. Res. Practice2011, 1–7 (2011).
- Dekoninck V , HoydonckxY , Vande Velde Met al. The analgesic efficacy of intravenous regional anesthesia with a forearm versus conventional upper arm tourniquet: a systematic review. BMC Anesthesiol.18(1), 1–8 (2018).
- Tageldin ME , AlrashidM , KhoriatiAA , GadikoppulaS , AtkinsonHD. Periosteal nerve blocks for distal radius and ulna fracture manipulation—the technique and early results. J. Orthop. Surg. Res.10(1), 1–6 (2015).
- Farbood A , KhademiS , TajvidiRet al. Comparison of intravenous regional anesthesia with single-cuff forearm tourniquet and hematoma block and traditional method in patients with distal radius fractures; a randomized clinical trial. Bull. Emerg. Trauma8(2), 77 (2020).
- Wathen JE , GaoD , MerrittG , GeorgopoulosG , BattanFK. A randomized controlled trial comparing a fascia iliaca compartment nerve block to a traditional systemic analgesic for femur fractures in a pediatric emergency department. Ann. Emerg. Med.50(2), 162–171 (2007).
- Myderrizi N , MemaB. The hematoma block an effective alternative for fracture reduction in distal radius fractures. Med. Arch.65(4), 239 (2011).
- Aydin AA , BilgeS , KayaM , AydinG , CinarO. Novel technique in ED: supracondylar ultrasound-guided nerve block for reduction of distal radius fractures. Am. J. Emerg. Med.34(5), 912–913 (2016).
- Isfahani MN , JavidM. Ultrasound-guided supracondylar radial nerve block to manage distal radius fractures in the emergency department. J. Emer. Med. Trauma Acute Care2020(2), 14 (2021).
- Isfahani MN , ShokoohiO , GolshaniK. Intranasal ketamine versus intranasal fentanyl on pain management in isolated traumatic patients. J. Res. Med. Sci.27, 1 (2022).
- Ahmadi O , IsfahaniMN , FeiziA. Comparing low-dose intravenous ketamine-midazolam with intravenous morphine with respect to pain control in patients with closed limb fracture. J. Res. Med. Sci.19(6), 502 (2014).
- Isfahani MN , ShahverdiN , GolshaniK. Low-dose intravenous ketamine bolus versus conventional technique for the reduction of upper and lower extremity fractures in children: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Eurasian J. Emerg. Med.19(3), 166 (2020).
- Parker MJ , HandollHH , GriffithsR. Anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery in adults. Cochrane Database System. Rev.4(6), (2004).
- De Buck F , DevroeS , MissantC , Vande Velde M. Regional anesthesia outside the operating room: indications and techniques. Curr. Opin. Anesthesiol.25(4), 501–507 (2012).
- van Zundert A , HelmstädterA , GoerigM , MortierE. Centennial of intravenous regional anesthesia. Bier’s Block (1908–2008). Reg. Anesth. Pain Med.33, 483–489 (2008).
- Barry LA , BallianaSA , GaleppiAC. Intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier block). Techn. Regional Anesth. Pain Manag.10, 123–131 (2006).
- Vaughn N , RajanN , DarowishM. Intravenous regional anesthesia using a forearm tourniquet: a safe and effective technique for outpatient hand procedures. Hand (NY).15(3), 353–359 (2020).
- Guay J . Adverse events associated with intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier block): a systematic review of complications. J. Clin. Anesth.21(8), 585–594 (2009).
- O’Connor RE , SamaA , BurtonJHet al. Procedural sedation and analgesiain the emergency department: recommendations for physician credentialing, privileging and practice. Ann. Emerg. Med.58, 365–370 (2011).
- Cote CJ , KarlHW , NottermanDAet al. Adverse sedation events in pediatrics: analysis of medications used for sedation. Pediatrics106, 633 (2000).
- Singh R , BhagwatA , BhadoriaP , KohliA. Forearm IVRA, using 0.5% lidocaine in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg with ketorolac 0.15 mg/kg for hand and wrist surgeries. Min. Anestesiol.76(2), 109–114 (2009).
- Marx J , HockbergerR , WallsR. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine-Concepts and Clinical PracticeElsevier Health Sciences (2013). E-Book: 2-Volume Set.
- Chong AK , TanDM , OoiBS , MahadevanM , LimAY , LimBH. Comparison of forearm and conventional Bier’s blocks for manipulation and reduction of distal radius fractures. J. Hand Surg.32(1), 57–59 (2007).
- Durrani Z , WinnieAP , ZsigmondEK , BurnettML. Ketamine for intravenous regional anesthesia. Anesth. Analg.68(3), 328–332 (1989).
- Vuori H . Patient satisfaction–does it matter?Qual. Assur. Health Care3(3), 183–189 (1991).
- Aharony L , StrasserS. Patient satisfaction: what we know about and what we still need to explore. Med. Care Rev.50(1), 49–79 (1993).
- Chiao FB , ChenJ , LesserJB , Resta-FlarerF , BennettH. Single-cuff forearm tourniquet in intravenous regional anaesthesia results in less pain and fewer sedation requirements than upper arm tourniquet. Br. J. Anaesth.111(2), 271–275 (2013).