References
- Huang P , KehnerGB, CowanA, Liu-ChenLY. Comparison of pharmacological activities of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine: norbuprenorphine is a potent opioid agonist. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.297 , 688–695 (2001).
- Pergolizzi J , AloisiAM, DahanA et al. Current knowledge of buprenorphine and its unique pharmacological profile. Pain Pract. 10 , 428–450 (2010).
- Kress HG . Clinical update on the pharmacology, efficacy and safety of transdermal buprenorphine. Eur. J. Pain13 , 219–230 (2009).
- Böhme K , LikarR. Efficacy and tolerability of a new opioid analgesic formulation, buprenorphine transdermal therapeutic system (TDS), in the treatment of patients with chronic pain. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pain Clinic15 , 193–202 (2003).
- Sittl R , GriessingerN, LikarR. Analgesic efficacy and tolerability of transdermal buprenorphine in patients with inadequately controlled chronic pain related to cancer and other disorders: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin. Ther.25 , 150–168 (2003).
- Sorge J , SittlR. Transdermal buprenorphine in the treatment of chronic pain: results of a Phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin. Ther.26 , 1808–1820 (2004).
- Likar R , KayserH, SittlR et al. Long-term management of chronic pain with transdermal buprenorphine: a multicenter, open-label, follow-up study in patients from three short-term clinical trials. Clin. Ther. 28 , 943–952 (2006).
- Griessinger N , SittlR, LikarR. Transdermal buprenorphine in clinical practice – a post-marketing surveillance study in 13,179 patients. Curr. Med. Res. Opin.21 , 1147–1156 (2005).
- Muriel C , FaildeI, MicóJA et al. Effectiveness and tolerability of the buprenorphine transdermal system in patients with moderate to severe chronic pain: a multicenter, open-label, uncontrolled, prospective, observational clinical study. Clin. Ther. 27 , 451–462 (2005).
- Barutell C , CambaA, González-EscaladaJR et al. Efficacy and safety of buprenorphine TDS in conjunction with oral tramadol or morphine as rescue medication in the treatment of 390 patients with chronic pain: a summary of two retrospective Spanish multicentre studies. J. Appl. Ther. Res. 6 , 14–24 (2007).
- Camba MA , Rodríguez-LópezMJ, Muriel C; Grupo de Studio de Opioides de la Socieda Española del Dolor. Buprenorphine TDS in the treatment of chronic nociceptive, neuropathic and cancer-related pain. J. Appl. Ther. Res.6 , 3–13 (2007).
- Barutell C , CambaA, González-EscaladaJR et al. High dose transdermal buprenorphine for moderate to severe pain in Spanish pain centres – a retrospective multicenter safety and efficacy study. Pain Pract. 8 , 355–361 (2008).
- Likar R , VadlauEM, BreschanC et al. Comparable analgesic efficacy of transdermal buprenorphine in patients over and under 65 years of age. Clin. J. Pain 24 , 536–543 (2008).
- Muriel Villoria C , Perez-Castejon Garotte JM, Sanchez Magro I, Neira Alvarez I. Effectiveness and safety of transdermal buprenorphine for chronic pain treatment in the elderly: a prospective observational study. Med. Clin.128 , 204–210 (2007).
- Vondrácková D . Transdermal buprenorphine in clinical practice: a multicenter, noninterventional postmarketing study in the Czech Republic. Pain Manage.2(2) , 163–168 (2012).
- Hakl M . Transdermal buprenorphine in clinical practice: a multicenter, postmarketing study in the Czech Republic, with a focus on neuropathic pain components. Pain Manage.2(2) , 169–175 (2012).
- Skvarc NK . Transdermal buprenorphine in clinical practice: results from a multicenter, noninterventional postmarketing study in Slovenia. Pain Manage.2(2) , 177–183 (2012).
▪ Websites
- European Federation of IASP Chapters. www.efic.org (Accessed 8March2011)
- International Association for the Study of Pain. www.iasp-pain.org (Accessed 8March2011)
- WHO. WHO‘s pain ladder. www.who.int/cancer/palliative/painladder/en (Accessed 8March2011)
- Grünenthal GmbH. Transtec 35, 52.5 and 70 micrograms per hour transdermal patch – summary of product characteristics. www.grunenthal.com/cms/cda/_common/inc/display_file.jsp?fileID=9400035 (Accessed 8March2011)