191
Views
28
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

RACISM AND LAW IN CANADA: A GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE

Pages 447-473 | Published online: 15 May 2013

References

  • Abella, R., 1985, Equality In Employment . Ottawa: Research Studies for Equality in Employment.
  • Adachi, K., 1976, The Enemy That Never Was: A History of the Japanese Canadians . Toronto: McClelland and Stewart.
  • Anderson, K., 1987, Chinatown as idea: the power of place and institutional practice in the making of a racial category. Annals, Association of American Geographers , Vol. 77, 580-598.
  • Anderson, K., 1988, Cultural hegemony and the race-definition process in Chinatown, Vancouver: 1880-1980. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space , Vol. 6, 127-149.
  • Angus, H. F., 1937, Legal status in British Columbia of residents of oriental race and their descendants. In N. Mackenzie, editor, The Legal Status of Aliens in Pacific Countries . London: Oxford University Press.
  • Barnes, T. G. and M. G. Curry, 1983, Towards a contextualist approach in human geography. Transactions, Institute of British Geographers NS, Vol. 8, 467-482.
  • Barrett, S., 1987, Is God a Racist? The Right Wing in Canada . Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Bayefsky, A. E and M. Eberts, 1985, Equality Rights and The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . Toronto: Carswell.
  • Berger, T. R., 1981, Fragile Freedoms: Human Rights and Dissent in Canada . Toronto: Irwin Press.
  • Beyleveld, D. and R. Brownsword, 1985. The practical difference between natural-law theory and legal positivism. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies , Vol. 5, 1-32.
  • Blacksell, M., K. Economides and C. Watkins, 1985, Access to justice in rural Britain. In P. Cloke, editor, Rural Accessibility and Mobility . Lampeter: Centre for Rural Transport, St. David's University College.
  • Blacksell, M., C. Watkins and K. Economides, 1986, Human geography and law: a case of separate development in social science. Progress in Human Geography , Vol. 10, 371-396.
  • Blomley, N., 1985, The Shops Act (1950): the politics and policing. Area , Vol. 17, 25-33.
  • Blomley, N., 1986, Regulatory legislation and the legitimation crisis of the state: the enforcement of the Shops Act (1950). Environment and Planning D, Society and Space , Vol. 4, 183-200.
  • Brotz, H., 1980, Multiculturalism in Canada: a muddle. Canadian Public Policy , Vol. VI, 41-46.
  • Burnet, J., 1988, Multiculturalism. The Canadian Encyclopedia , Vol. 3, 1401. Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers.
  • Canada, Royal Commission on Chinese Immigration, 1885, Report and Evidence . Ottawa: Printed by Order of the Commission.
  • Canada, Royal Commission on Chinese and Japanese Immigration, 1902, Report . Ottawa: King's Printer.
  • Canada, Royal Commission on Oriental Immigration Appointed to Inquire into Methods by Which Oriental Labourers Have Been Induced to Come to Canada, W. L. Mackenzie King, Commissioner, 1908a, Report . Ottawa: King's Printer.
  • Canada, W. L. Mackenzie King, Commissioner, 1908b, Report on the Losses Sustained by the Japanese Population of Vancouver, B. C., on the Occasion of the Riots in that City in September, 1907 . Ottawa: King's Printer.
  • Canada, Department of Labour, 1944. Report on the Administration of Japanese in Canada, 1942-1944 . Reprint edition 1978, Arno Press.
  • Canada, Department of Labour, 1947, Report of the Department of Labour on the Re-establishment of Japanese in Canada, 1944-1946 . Reprint edition 1978, Arno Press.
  • Canada, Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism, 1970, Report, Vol. IV; The Other Ethnic Groups . Ottawa: Queen's Printer.
  • Canada, Special Committee on Visible Minorities in Canadian Society, 1984, Equality Now . Ottawa: Supply and Services.
  • Canada, Parliamentary Committee on Equal Rights, 1985a, Equality for All . Ottawa: Supply and Services.
  • Canada, Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada, D. S. Macdonald, Chairman, 1985b, Report . Ottawa: Supply and Services.
  • Canada, Standing Committee on Multiculturalism, 1987. Multiculturalism: Building the Canadian Mosaic . Ottawa: Supply and Services.
  • Canada, Muliculturalism and Citizenship, 1989, Eliminating Racial Discrimination in Canada Ottawa: Secretary of State and Minister of State Multiculturalism and Citizenship.
  • Canadian Institute of International Affairs, Study Group of the Winnipeg Branch, 1942, Minorities of Oriental Race in Canada . 8th Conference of the Institute of Pacific Relations.
  • Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, editors, 1982, The Empire Strikes Back: Race and Racism in 70s Britain . London: Hutchinson.
  • Chan, A. B., 1983, Gold Mountain: The Chinese in the New World . Vancouver: New Star Books.
  • Chinese Canadian National Council, 1988, It Is Only Fair: Redress for the Head Tax and Chinese Exclusion Act . Pamphlet.
  • Clark, G., 1981, Law, the state, and the spatial integration of the United States, Environment and Planning A , Vol. 13, 1197-1232.
  • Clark, G., 1985, Judges and the cities: interpreting local autonomy . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Clark, G., 1989, The geography of law. In R. Peet and N. Thrift, editors, New Models in Geography Vol I . London: Unwin Hyman, 310-337.
  • Clarke, C. G., Ley, D., and Peach, C., eds., 1984, Geography and Ethnic Pluralism . London: Allen and Unwin.
  • Cohen, T., 1988, Race Relations and the Law . Montreal: Canadian Jewish Congress.
  • Connell, R. W., 1987, Gender and Power . Oxford: Polity.
  • Cooperative Committee on Japanese Canadians, 1946, Memorandum for the Members of the House of Commons and Senate of Canada on The Orders-in-Council PC. 7355, 7356, 7357, for the Deportation of Canadians of Japanese Racial Origin . Toronto: The Cooperative Committee on Japanese Canadians.
  • Cosgrove, D. E. and P. Jackson, 1987, New directions in cultural geography. Area . Vol. 19, 95-101.
  • Cotler, I., 1987, Interview. Tribune Juive , Vol. 5, 36-39.
  • Darden, J. T., 1983, Sharing residential space in the 1920s: racial and ethnic patterns in cities in Michigan. Ethnic and Racial Studies , Vol. 6, 237-245.
  • Dworkin, R., 1986, Law's Empire . London: Fontana.
  • Economides, K., 1988, Law and geography—les liaisons dangereuses? Paper presented to the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Law and Society Association, Windsor, Ontario, June 7-9.
  • Elman, B. P., 1989, The promotion of hatred and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: a review of Keegstra v. The Queen. Canadian Public Policy , Vol. XV, 72-83.
  • Fitzpatrick, P., 1987, Racism and the innocence of law. In P. Fitzpatrick and A. Hunt, eds., Critical Legal Studies . London: Basil Blackwell, 119-132.
  • Fitzpatrick, P., and A. Hunt, eds., 1987, Critical Legal Studies . London: Basil Blackwell.
  • Fleure, M. J. and James, T. C., 1916, Geographical distribution of anthropological types in Wales. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institution , Vol. 46, 35-153.
  • Foucault, M., 1978, The History of Sexuality Volume I: An Introduction , R. Hurley, translator. New York: Vintage.
  • Fowke, E., 1951, They Made Democracy Work: The Story of the Cooperative Committee on Japanese Canadians . Toronto: Garden City Press Cooperative.
  • Frideres, J., 1974, Canada's Indians: Contemporary Problems . Toronto: Prentice Hall.
  • Gardner, J., 1989, Liberals and unlawful discrimination. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies , Vol. 9, 1-21.
  • Gilroy, P., 1987, There Ain't No Black in the Union Jack . London: Hutchinson.
  • Gordon, P., 1983, White Law Racism in the Police, Courts and Prisons . London: Pluto.
  • Green, L. C., 1970, Protection of Minorities in the League of Nations and the United Nations. In A. Gotleib, editor, Human Rights, Federalism and Minorities . Toronto: Canadian Institute of International Affairs, 180-210.
  • Gregory, D., and D. Ley, 1988, Culture's geographies. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space . Vol. 6, 115-116.
  • Gregory, J., 1987, Sex, Race and the Law . London: Sage.
  • Hall, S. and T. Jefferson, editors, 1976, Resistance through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-war Britain . London: Hutchinson.
  • Hall, S., C. Critcher, T. Jefferson, J. Clarke, and B. Roberts, 1978, Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State and Law and Order . London: Macmillan.
  • Henry, F., 1973, The Forgotten Canadians: The Blacks of Nova Scotia . Toronto: Longmans.
  • Henry, F., 1986, Race Relations Research in Canada Today: A “State of the Art” Review . Ottawa: Canadian Human Rights Commission.
  • Henry, E and E. Ginzberg, 1985, Who Gets the Work: A Test of Racial Discrimination in Toronto . Toronto: Urban Alliance on Race Relations and Social Planning Council of Metro Toronto.
  • Herodote , editors, interviewers, 1980, Questions on geography. In C. Gordon, editor, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977—Michel Foucault . New York: Pantheon.
  • Hughes, D. and E. Kallen, 1974, The Anatomy of Racism . Montreal: Harvest House.
  • Humphrey, J. P., 1970, The World Revolution and Human Rights. In A. Gotleib, editor, Human Rights, Federalism and Minorities . Toronto: Canadian Institute of International Affairs, 147-179.
  • Humphreys, S., 1985, Law as discourse. In Humphreys, S., editor, The Discourse of Law , special issue of History and Anthropology , Vol. 1, 241-264.
  • Hunt, A., 1986, The theory of critical legal studies. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies , Vol. 6, 1-45.
  • Hunt, A., 1987, The critique of law: what is “critical” about critical legal theory? In P. Fitzpatrick and A. Hunt, editors, Critical Legal Studies . London: Basil Blackwell, 5-19.
  • Huttenback, R. A., 1976, Racism and Empire: White Settlers and Coloured Immigrants in the British Self-Goveming Colonies, 1830-1910 . Ithaca, NY, and London: Cornell University Press.
  • Iino, M., 1983-84, Japan's reaction to the Vancouver Riot of 1907. B.C. Studies , Vol. 79, 1-18.
  • Ito, R., 1984, We Went to War The Story of the Japanese Canadians who Served During the First and Second World Wars . Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings.
  • Jackson, P., 1985, Social geography: race and racism. Progress in Human Geography , Vol. 9, 99-108.
  • Jackson, P., 1987, The idea of “race” and the geography of racism. In P. Jackson, editor, Race and Racism: Essays in Social Geography . London: Allen and Unwin, 3-21.
  • Jackson, P., 1989a, Maps of Meaning . London: Unwin Hyman.
  • Jackson, P., 1989b, Challenging racism through geography teaching. Journal of Geography in Higher Education , Vol. 13, 5-14.
  • Jackson, P., 1989c, Geography, race and racism. In R. Peet and N. Thrift, editors, New Models in Geography , Vol. II. London: Unwin Hyman, 176-195.
  • Jackson, P., and S. Smith, editors, 1981, Social Interaction and Ethnic Segregation . London: Academic Press.
  • Jones, P. N., 1983, Ethnic population succession in the West German city, 1974-1980: the case of Nuremberg. Geography , Vol. 68, 121-132.
  • Kairys, D., editor, 1982, The Politics of Law . London.
  • Kallen, E., 1982, Ethnicity and Human Rights in Canada Toronto: Gage.
  • Keith, M., 1987, “Something happened”: the problem of “explaining” the 1980 and ′81 riots in British cities. In P. Jackson, editor, Race and Racism: Essays in Social Geography . London: Allen and Unwin.
  • Kitagawa, M., 1985, This is My Own: Letters to Wes and Other Writings on Japanese Canadians 1941-1948 , R. Miki, editor, Vancouver: Talon Books.
  • Kobayashi, A., 1986, Regional diversity among Japanese immigrants to Canada: a preliminary review. In K. V. Ujimoto and J. Naidoo, editors, Asian Canadian: Contemporary Issues , Vol. 1-48. Montreal: Canadian Asian Studies Association.
  • Kobayashi, A., 1987a, From tyranny to justice: the uprooting of Japanese Canadians after 1941. Tribune Juive , Vol. 5, 28-35.
  • Kobayashi, A., 1987b, Real or apprehended? The Japanese-Canadian redress issue and human rights. The Human Rights Advocate , Vol. 3, Rights and Freedoms Section, 1-3.
  • Kobayashi, A., 1989a, A critique of dialectical landscape. In A. Kobayashi and S. Mackenzie, editors, Remaking Human Geography . London: Unwin Hyman, 164-184.
  • Kobayashi, A., 1989b, The historical context of Japanese-Canadian uprooting. In L. Muller-Wille, editor, Social Change and Space: Indigenous Nations and Ethnic Communities . Montreal Northern Studies Programme, McGill University, 69-82.
  • Kobayashi, A., and S. Mackenzie, 1989, Humanism and historical materialism in contemporary social geography. In A. Kobayashi and S. Mackenzie, editors, Remaking Human Geography . London: Unwin Hyman, 1-16.
  • Lai, D., 1989, Chinatowns: Towns within Cities in Canada Vancouver: University of B.C. Press.
  • Laviolette, F. E., 1948, The Canadian Japanese and World War II . Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Lawrence E., 1982a, Just plain common sense: the “roots” of racism. In Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, editors, The Empire Strikes Back: Race and Racism in 70s Britain . London: Hutchinson and the CCCS, University of Birmingham, 47-94.
  • Lawrence E., 1982b, In the abundance of water the fool is thirsty: sociology and black “pathology.” In Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, editors, The Empire Strikes Back: Race and Racism in 70s Britain . London: Hutchinson and the CCCS, University of Birmingham, 95-142.
  • Lee, C. F., 1976, The road to enfrancisement: Chinese and Japanese in British Columbia. B.C. Studies , Vol. 30, 44-76.
  • Lester, A., and G. Bindman, 1972, Race and Law . Harmondsworth: Penguin.
  • Lett, S., 1934, Legal disabilities of the Japanese (including the second generation) in British Columbia. Proceedings and Transactions , Students' Club of the University of British Columbia; available as a mimeo from Special Collections Library, University of British Columbia.
  • Ley, D., 1989, Fragmentation, coherence, and limits to theory. In A. Kobayashi and S. Mackenzie, editors, Remaking Human Geography . London: Unwin Hyman, 227-244.
  • Li, P., 1980, Immigration laws and family patterns: some demographic changes among Chinese families in Canada, 1885-1971. Canadian Ethnic Studies , Vol. XII, 58-73.
  • Lower, A. R. M., 1940, Canada and the Far East . New York: Institute of Pacific Relations.
  • Lyotard, Jean-Francois, 1984, The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge . G. Bennington and B. Massumi, trans. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press.
  • Mannette, J. A., 1988, “A trial in which no one goes to jail”: The Donald Marshall Inquiry as hegemonic renegotiation. Canadian Ethnic Studies , Vol. II, 166-180.
  • Mullard, C., 1985, Race, Power and Resistance . London, Boston, Melbourne and Henley: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Mulroney, B., 1986, Proclamation of the Second Decade for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination . Ottawa: Secretary of State Canada and Minister of State Multiculturalism and Citizenship.
  • Nakano, T. U. and L. Nakano, 1980, Within the Barbed Wire Fence: A Japanese Man's Account of his Internment in Canada . Seattle: University of Washington Press.
  • The Network , 1989, Newsletter of the Race Relations Committee, Canadian Ethnocultural Council, Vol. 2.
  • Peach, C., 1968, West Indian Migration to Britain: A Social Geography . London: Oxford University Press for the Institute of Race Relations.
  • Peach, C., 1975, Urban Social Segregation . London: Longman.
  • Peach, C., 1983, Ethnicity. In M. Pacione, editor, Progress in Urban Geography , 103-127. London: Croom Helm.
  • Richmond, A., 1961, The Colour Problem . London: Penguin.
  • Robinson, V., 1982, The assimilation of South and East African Asian immigrants in Britain. In D. A. Coleman, editor, Demography of Immigrants and Minority Groups in the United Kingdom . London: Academic Press, 143-168.
  • Roy, P., 1976, The Oriental “Menace” in British Columbia. In J. Friesen and H. K. Ralston, editors, Historical Essays on British Columbia Ottawa: The Carleton Library No. 96, McClelland and Stewart, 243-255.
  • Sayer, A., 1989, On the dialogue between humanism and historical materialism in geography. In A. Kobayashi and S. Mackenzie, editors, Remaking Human Geography . London: Unwin Hyman, 206-226.
  • Schmeiser, D. A., 1964, Civil Liberties in Canada . London: Oxford University Press.
  • Sivanandan, A. 1983. Challenging racism: strategies for the ′80s. Race and Class , Vol. 25, 1-11.
  • Smith, S. J., 1984, Negotiating ethnicity in an uncertain environment. Ethnic and Racial Studies , Vol. 7, 360-373.
  • Smith, S. J., 1989. The Politics of “Race” and Residence . Oxford: Polity.
  • Solomos, I., 1989. Race and Racism in Contemporary Britain . London: Macmillan.
  • Sugimoto, H., 1966, Japanese Immigration, the Vancouver Riots and Canadian Diplomacy . Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle.
  • Sunahara, A. G., 1981, The Politics of Racism: The Uprooting of Japanese Canadians During the Second World War . Toronto: Lorimer.
  • Takata, T., 1983, Nikkei Legacy: The Story of Japanese Canadians from Settlement to Today . Toronto: NC Press.
  • Tarnopolsky, W. S., 1975, The Canadian Bill of Rights , 2nd edition. Ottawa: The Carleton Library Vol. 83, McClelland and Stewart.
  • United Nations, 1985, International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination . Ottawa: Supply and Services.
  • Ward, P., 1978, White Canada Forever: Popular Attitudes and Public Policy Toward Orientals in British Columbia Montreal: McGill-Queens' Press.
  • Western, I., 1981, Outcast Cape Town . London: Allen & Unwin.
  • Woodsworth, C. J., 1941, Canada and the Orient: A Study in International Relations . Toronto: MacMillan.
  • Young, C. H., R. Y. Reid, and W. A. Carrothers, 1939, The Japanese Canadians . Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Williams, R., 1961, Culture and Society 1780-1950 . Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.