Avian guild assemblages in forest fragments around Budongo Forest Reserve, western Uganda

References

• Aben J, Adriaensen F, Thijs KW, Pellikka P, Siljander M, Lens L, Matthysen E. 2012. Effects of matrix composition and configuration on forest bird movements in a fragmented Afromontane biodiversity hot spot. Animal Conservation 15: 658–668. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00562.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barlow J, Haugaasen T, Peres CA. 2002. Effects of ground fires on understorey bird assemblages in Amazonian forests. Biological Conservation 105: 157–169. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00177-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barlow J, Mestre LAM, Gardner TA, Peres CA. 2007. The value of primary, secondary and plantation forests for Amazonian birds. Biological Conservation 136: 212–231. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2006.11.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barlow J, Peres CA. 2004. Avifaunal responses to single and recurrent wildfires in Amazonian forests. Ecological Applications 14: 1358–1373. doi: 10.1890/03-5077
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beier P, van Drielen M, Kankam BO. 2002. Avifaunal collapse in West African Forest Fragments. Conservation Biology 16: 1097–1111. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01003.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks TM, Pimm SL, Oyugi JO. 1999. Time lag between deforestation and bird extinction in tropical forest fragments. Conservation Biology 13: 1140–1150. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98341.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulafu C, Baranga D, Mucunguzi P, Telford RJ, Vandvik V. 2013. Massive structural and compositional changes over two decades in forest fragments near Kampala, Uganda. Ecology and Evolution 3: 3804–3823. doi: 10.1002/ece3.747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castellón TD, Sieving KE. 2006. An experimental test of matrix permeability and corridor use by an endemic understory bird: habitat connectivity translocation experiment. Conservation Biology 20: 135–145. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00332.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman CA, Naughton-Treves L, Lawes MJ, Wasserman MD, Gillespie TR. 2007. Population declines of colobus in western Uganda and conservation value of forest fragments. International Journal of Primatology 28: 513–528. doi: 10.1007/s10764-007-9142-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daily GC, Ehrlich PR, Sánchez-Azofeifa GA. 2001. Countryside biogeography: use of human-dominated habitats by the avifauna of southern Costa Rica. Ecological Applications 11: 1–13. doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0001:CBUOHD]2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dale S, Mork K, Solvang R, Plumptre AJ. 2000. Edge effects on the understory bird community in a logged forest in Uganda. Conservation Biology 14: 265–276. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98340.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deikumah JP, McAlpine CA, Maron M. 2013. Matrix intensification alters avian functional group composition in adjacent rainforest fragments. PLoS ONE 8: e74852. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074852
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deikumah JP, McAlpine CA, Maron M. 2014. Biogeographical and taxonomic biases in tropical forest fragmentation research: biases in forest fragmentation research. Conservation Biology 28: 1522–1531. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Iongh HH, van Weerd M. 2006. The use of avian guilds for the monitoring of tropical forest disturbance by logging. Tropenbos Documents 17. Wageningen: Tropenbos International.
   Google Scholar
• Eggeling WJ. 1947. Observations on the ecology of the Budongo Rain Forest, Uganda. Journal of Ecology 34: 20–87. doi: 10.2307/2256760
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eycott AE, Stewart GB, Buyung-Ali LM, Bowler DE, Watts K, Pullin AS. 2012. A meta-analysis on the impact of different matrix structures on species movement rates. Landscape Ecology 27: 1263–1278. doi: 10.1007/s10980-012-9781-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fahrig L. 2003. Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 34: 487–515. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.011802.132419
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gascon C, Lovejoy TE, Bierregaard ROJr, Malcolm R, Stouffer PC, Vasconcelos HL, Laurance WF, Zimmerman B, Tocher M, Borges S. 1999. Matrix habitat and species richness in tropical forest remnants. Biological Conservation 91: 223–229. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(99)00080-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez A, Chaneton EJ. 2002. Heterotroph species extinction, abundance and biomass dynamics in an experimentally fragmented microecosystem. Journal of Animal Ecology 71: 594–602. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2656.2002.00625.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guldemond RAR, van Aarde RJ. 2010. Forest patch size and isolation as drivers of bird species richness in Maputaland, Mozambique. Journal of Biogeography: 1884–1893.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hulme MF, Vickery JA, Green RE, Phalan B, Chamberlain DE, Pomeroy DE, Nalwanga D, Mushabe D, Katebaka R, Bolwig S, Atkinson PW. 2013. Conserving the birds of Uganda’s banana-coffee arc: land sparing and land sharing compared. PLoS ONE 8: e54597. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IRG (International Resources Group). 2006. Uganda biodiversity and tropical forest assessment. Washington, DC: United States Agency for International Development.
   Google Scholar
• Kirika JM, Farwig N, Böhning-Gaese K. 2008. Effects of local disturbance of tropical forests on frugivores and seed removal of a small-seeded Afrotropical tree. Conservation Biology 22: 318–328. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00874.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korfanta NM, Newmark WD, Kauffman MJ. 2012. Long-term demographic consequences of habitat fragmentation to a tropical understory bird community. Ecology 93: 2548–2559. doi: 10.1890/11-1345.1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurance SGW. 2004. Responses of understory rain forest birds to road edges in Central Amazonia. Ecological Applications 14: 1344–1357. doi: 10.1890/03-5194
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurance WF. 1994. Rainforest fragmentation and the structure of small mammal communities in tropical Queensland. Biological Conservation 69: 23–32. doi: 10.1016/0006-3207(94)90325-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lees AC, Peres CA. 2009. Gap-crossing movements predict species occupancy in Amazonian forest fragments. Oikos 118: 280–290. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.16842.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lens L. 2002. Avian persistence in fragmented rainforest. Science 298: 1236–1238. doi: 10.1126/science.1075664
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magrach A, Larrinaga AR, SantamaríA L. 2012. Effects of matrix characteristics and interpatch distance on functional connectivity in fragmented temperate rainforests. Conservation Biology 26: 238–247. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01818.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manu S, Peach W, Cresswell W. 2006. The effects of edge, fragment size and degree of isolation on avian species richness in highly fragmented forest in West Africa. Ibis 149: 287–297. doi: 10.1111/j.1474-919X.2006.00628.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLennan MR, Plumptre AJ. 2012. Protected apes, unprotected forest: composition, structure and diversity of riverine forest fragments and their conservation value in Uganda. Tropical Conservation Science 5: 79–103. doi: 10.1177/194008291200500108
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munyekenye F, Mwangi E, Gichuki N. 2008. Bird species richness and abundance in different forest types at Kakamega Forest, western Kenya. Ostrich 79: 37–42. doi: 10.2989/OSTRICH.2008.79.1.4.361
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mwavu EN, Witkowski ETF. 2008. Land-use and cover changes (1988–2002) around Budongo forest reserve, NW Uganda: implications for forest and woodland sustainability. Land Degradation and Development 19: 606–622. doi: 10.1002/ldr.869
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuschulz EL, Brown M, Farwig N. 2013. Frequent bird movements across a highly fragmented landscape: the role of species traits and forest matrix. Animal Conservation 16: 170–179. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00582.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newmark WD. 1991. Tropical forest fragmentation and the local extinction of understory birds in the eastern Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Conservation Biology 5: 67–78. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.1991.tb00389.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngabo CKM, Dranzoa C. 2001. Bird communities in gaps of Budongo Forest Reserve, Uganda. Ostrich: 38–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin PR. 2013. Package ‘vegan’: community ecology package. Version 2.0–9. Available at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan.
   Google Scholar
• Opige Odull M, Byaruhanga A. 2010. Important Bird Areas in Uganda: status and trends report 2009. Kampala: Nature Uganda.
   Google Scholar
• Otieno NE, Gichuki N, Farwig N, Kiboi S. 2011. The role of farm structure on bird assemblages around a Kenyan tropical rainforest. African Journal of Ecology 49: 410–417. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2011.01273.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owiunji I, Plumptre A. 1998. Bird communities in logged and unlogged compartments in Budongo Forest, Uganda. Forest Ecology and Management 108: 115–126. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00219-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perfecto I, Vandermeer JH, Bautista GL, Nuñez GI, Greenberg R, Bichier P, Langridge S. 2004. Greater predation in shaded coffee farms: the role of resident Neotropical birds. Ecology 85: 2677–2681. doi: 10.1890/03-3145
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plumptre AJ. 1996. Changes following 60 years of selective timber harvesting in the Budongo Forest Reserve, Uganda. Forest Ecology and Management 89: 101–113. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(96)03854-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prugh LR, Hodges KE, Sinclair ARE, Brashares JS. 2008. Effect of habitat area and isolation on fragmented animal populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 105: 20770–20775. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0806080105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renjifo LM. 1999. Composition changes in a Subandean avifauna after long-term forest fragmentation. Conservation Biology 13: 1124–1139. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98311.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders DA, Hobbs RJ, Margules CR. 1991. Biological consequences of ecosystem fragmentation: a review. Conservation Biology 5: 18–32. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.1991.tb00384.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şekercioglu ÇH, Ehrlich PR, Daily GC, Aygen D, Goehring D, Sandi RF. 2002. Disappearance of insectivorous birds from tropical forest fragments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 99: 263–267. doi: 10.1073/pnas.012616199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stouffer PC, Bierregaard RO. 1995. Use of Amazonian forest fragments by understory insectivorous birds. Ecology 76: 2429. doi: 10.2307/2265818
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terborgh J. 2001. Ecological meltdown in predator-free forest fragments. Science 294: 1923–1926. doi: 10.1126/science.1064397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiollay JM. 1994. Structure, density and rarity in an Amazonian rainforest bird community. Journal of Tropical Ecology 10: 449. doi: 10.1017/S0266467400008154
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner IM. 1996. Species loss in fragments of tropical rain forest: a review of the evidence. Journal of Applied Ecology 33: 200. doi: 10.2307/2404743
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson JEM, Whittaker RJ, Freudenberger D. 2005. Bird community responses to habitat fragmentation: how consistent are they across landscapes? Journal of Biogeography 32: 1353–1370. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01256.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wethered R, Lawes MJ. 2003. Matrix effects on bird assemblages in fragmented Afromontane forests in South Africa. Biological Conservation 114: 327–340. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00052-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zanette L. 2000. Fragment size and the demography of an areasensitive songbird. Journal of Animal Ecology 69: 458–470. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2656.2000.00408.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar