The influence of Pechuel-Loeschea leubnitziae (wild sage) on grass sward and soil seed bank composition

References

• Adie , H , Richert , S , Kirkman , K and Lawes , M. 2011 . The heat is on: frequent high intensity fire in braken (Pteridium aquilinum) drives mortality of the sprouting tree Protea caffra in temperate grasslands . Plant Ecology , 212 : 2013 – 2022 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albrecht , H , Eder , E , Langbehn , T and Tschiersch , C. 2011 . The soil seed bank and its relationship to the established vegetation in urban wastelands . Landscape and Urban Planning , 100 : 87 – 97 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bossuyt , B , Butaye , J and Honnay , O. 2006 . Seed bank composition of open and overgrown calcareous grassland soils – a case study from southern Belgium . Journal of Environmental Management , 79 : 364 – 371 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke , A. 2000 . Plant diversity of a man-made wetland – the Olushandja Dam in north central Namibia . Dinteria , 26 : 25 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Caballero , I , Olano , JM , Loidi , J and Escudero , A. 2008 . A model for small-scale seed bank and standing vegetation connection along time . Oikos , 117 : 1788 – 1795 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chippindall , L and Crook , A. 1976 . Grasses of southern Africa , Salisbury : Edinburgh Press .
   Google Scholar
• Coffin , DP and Lauenroth , WK. 1989 . Spatial and temporal variation in the seed bank of a semiarid grassland . American Journal of Botany , 76 : 53 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton B. 2007 . The coastal grasslands of Maputaland, South Africa: effects of fire and grazing on vegetation structure, diversity and composition . MSc thesis University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg , , South Africa .
   Google Scholar
• Davies , A and Waite , S. 1998 . The persistence of calcareous grassland species in the soil seed bank under developing and established scrub . Plant Ecology , 136 : 27 – 39 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellery , K and Ellery , F. 1997 . Plants of the Okavango Delta , Durban : Tsaro Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Erikson , A and Erikson , O. 1997 . Seedling recruitment in semi-natural pastures: the effects of disturbance, seed size, phenology and seed bank . Nordic Journal of Botany , 17 : 469 – 482 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foden W , Potter L. 2005 . Pechuel-Loeschea leubnitziae (Kuntze) O. Hoffm . national assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2011.1 [accessed on 30 March 2012] .
   Google Scholar
• Galal , TM and Fahmy , AG. 2012 . Plant diversity and community structure of Wadi Gimal protected area, Red Sea Coast of Egypt . African Journal of Ecology , 50 : 266 – 276 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbs Russell , G , Watson , L , Koekemoer , M , Smook , L , Barker , N , Anderson , H and Dallwitz , M. 1991 . Grasses of southern Africa , Pretoria : Botanical Research Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Gliessman , SR and Muller , CH. 1978 . The allelopathic mechanisms of dominance in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) in southern California . Journal of Chemical Ecology , 4 : 337 – 362 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopfensperger K. 2007 . A review of similarity between seed bank and standing vegetation across ecosystems . Oikos : 1438 – 1448 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacquemyn , H , Mechelen , CV , Brys , R and Honnay , O. 2011 . Management effects on the vegetation and soil seed bank of calcareous grasslands: an 11-year experiment . Biological Conservation , 144 : 416 – 422 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenik , J. 1994 . Clonal growth in woody plants: a review . Folia Geobotanica , 29 : 291 – 306 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemeny , G , Nagy , Z and Tuba , Z. 2005 . Seed bank dynamics in a semiarid sandy grassland in Hungary . Ekologia (Bratislava) , 24 : 1 – 13 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuiters , A and Slim , P. 2003 . Tree colonisation of abondoned arable land after 27 years of horse-grazing: the role of bramble as a facilitator of oak wood regeneration . Forest Ecology and Management , 181 : 239 – 251 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , XR and Wilson , S. 1998 . Facilitation among woody plants establishing in an old field . Ecology , 79 : 2694 – 2705 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo , H and Wang , K. 2006 . Soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation within hillslope vegetation restoration sites in Jinshajing hot-dry river valley . Acta Ecologica Sinica , 26 : 2432 – 2442 .
   Google Scholar
• Mazizi Resources . 2009 . Management plan for NG33 and NG34 . Unpublished report . Maun : Mazizi Resources Pty Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Mendelsohn , J , Vanderpost , C , Ramberg , L , Murray-Hudson , M , Wolski , P and Mosepele , K. 2010 . Okavango Delta: floods of life , Windhoek : RAISON .
   Google Scholar
• McCune B , Mefford M. 1997 . PC-ORD. Multivariate analysis of ecological data version 6 . Gleneden Beach : MjM Software Design .
   Google Scholar
• Mueller-Dombois , D and Ellenberg , H. 1974 . Aims and methods of vegetation ecology , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Pérez , CJ , Waller , SS , Moser , LE , Stubbendieck , JL and Steuter , AA. 1998 . Seedbank characteristics of a Nebraska Sandhills prairie . Journal of Range Management , 51 : 55 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Raunkiaer , C. 1934 . The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Roodt , V. 1998 . Trees and shrubs of the Okavango Delta: medicinal uses and nutritional value. Shell Field Guide Series part I , Gaberone : Shell Oil Botswana .
   Google Scholar
• Stewart , RE. 1975 . Allelopathic potential of western bracken . Journal of Chemical Ecology , 1 : 161 – 169 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sankaran , M , Rathnam , J and Hanan , NP. 2005 . Determinants of woody cover in African savannas . Nature , 8 : 856 – 849 .
   Google Scholar
• Strohbach , M and Cole , D. 2007 . Population dynamics and sustainable harvesting of the medicinal plant Harpagophytum procumbens in Namibia , Bonn : Federal Agency for Nature Conservation .
   Google Scholar
• Tedder MJ. 2012 . Dry woodland and savanna vegetation dynamics in the estern Okavango Delta, Botswana . PhD thesis , University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg , , South Africa .
   Google Scholar
• ter Braak , C and Šmilauer , P. 1997 . Canoco for Windows , Wageningen : Plant Research International .
   Google Scholar
• Thompson , K and Grime , JP. 1979 . Sesonal variation in the seed banks of herbaceous species in ten contrasting habitats . Journal of Ecology , 67 : 893 – 921 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Oudtshoorn , F. 1999 . Guide to grasses of southern Africa , Pretoria : Briza Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Veenendaal , EM , Shushu , DD and Scurlock , JMO. 1993 . Responses to shading of seedlings of savanna grasses (with different C4 photosynthetic pathways) in Botswana . Journal of Tropical Ecology , 9 : 213 – 230 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vieira , I , Uhl , C and Nepstad , D. 1994 . The role of the shrub Cordia multispicata Cham. as a ‘succession facilitator’ in an abandoned pasture, Paragominas, Amazonia . Vegetatio , 115 : 91 – 99 .
   Google Scholar
• Wagner , M , Poschlod , P and Setchfield , R. 2003 . Soil seed bank in managed and abandoned semi-natural meadows in Soomaa National Park, Estonia . Annales Botanici Fennici , 40 : 87 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar