152
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Rangeland management innovations and policy

Spatial variability of herbage yield, grazing capacity and plant diversity in a tropical savannah rangeland ecosystem

, , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 71-84 | Received 17 Oct 2022, Accepted 17 Jan 2023, Published online: 27 Feb 2023

References

  • Abbam T, Johnson FA, Dash J, Padmadas SS. 2018. Spatiotemporal variations in rainfall and temperature in Ghana over the twentieth century, 1900–2014. Earth and Space Science 5: 120-132. doi: 10.1002/2017EA000327
  • AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 2001. Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA. Ankom Technology Corporation, Operators’ manual. Ankom 200/220 Fiber Analyzer. Ankom Thec. Corp.
  • AOAC. 2016. Official methods of analysis, Association of official Analytical Chemists. 20th ed. Washington: AOAC International.
  • Atkinson PM, Webster R, Curran PJ. 1994. CoKriging with airborne MSS imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 50: 335–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(94)90083-3.
  • Avornyo V. 2014. Soil properties in six communities in the Northern region of Ghana as affected by crop species and location. International conference on enhancing resilience to climate and ecosystem changes in semi-Arid Africa, 6–7 August 2014, Tamale, Ghana.
  • Bai Y, Wu J, Pan Q, Huang J, Wang Q, Li F, Buyantuyev A, Han X. 2007. Positive linear relationship between productivity and diversity: evidence from the Eurasian Steppe. Journal of Applied Ecology 44: 1023–1034. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01351.x.
  • Baxter J. 2014. Vegetation Sampling Using the Quadrat Method. https://www.csus.edu/indiv/b/baxterj/bio%20221b/vegetation%20sampling%20quadrat.pdf [Accessed: 24 May 2022].
  • Beals M, Gross L. Harrell S. 2000. Diversity indices: Shannon’s H and E. http://www.tiem.utk.edu/~gross/bioed/bealsmodules/shannonDI.html [Accessed: 12 July 2022].
  • Behnke RH, Scoones I. 1992. Rethinking range ecology: implications for rangeland management in Africa. London: International Institute for Environment and Development.
  • Booth DT, Tueller PT. 2003. Rangeland monitoring using remote sensing. Arid Land Research and Management 17: 455–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/713936105.
  • Booth DT, Cox SE, Berryman RD. 2006. Point sampling digital imagery with ‘Sample Point’. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 123: 97–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-9164-7.
  • Booth DT, Cox SE. 2011. Art to Science: Tools for Greater Objectivity in Resource Monitoring. Rangelands 33: 27–34. https://doi.org/10.2111/1551-501x-33.4.27.
  • Brown C, Griggs T, Keene T, Marra M, Skousen J. 2016. Switchgrass biofuel production on reclaimed surface mines: I. Soil quality and dry matter yield. BioEnergy Research 9: 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9658-2.
  • Chen Z, Bai Z, Sinha B. 2013. Ranked set sampling: theory and applications, vol. 176. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Colwell RK. 2009. Biodiversity: concepts, patterns, and measurement. In: Levin SA, Carpenter SR, Godfray HCJ, Kinzig AP, Loreau M, Losos JB, et al. (eds), The Princeton Guide to Ecology. pp 257–263.
  • Correll O, Isselstein J, Pavlu V. 2003. Studying spatial and temporal dynamics of sward structure at low stocking densities: the use of an extended rising-plate meter method. Journal of Grass and Forage Science 58: 450–454. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2003.00387.x.
  • Diodato N. 2005. The influence of topographic co-variables on the spatial variability of precipitation over small regions of complex terrain. International journal of Climatology 25: 351–363. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1131.
  • ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.). 2001. Using ArcGIS Geostatistical analyst. Redlands: ESRI. 300 p.
  • ESRI. 2016. Data Distribution and Transformations–Histograms. https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/10.4extensions/geostatistical-analyst/histograms.htm [Accessed: 14 February 2022].
  • ESRI. 2019. Geostatistical Analyst. https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/help/analysis/geostatistical-analyst/what-is-geostatistics-.htm [Accessed: 18 May 2022].
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organisation). 1991. Guidelines: land evaluation for extensive grazing. FAO Soils Bulletin 58. Rome: FAO.
  • FAO/LADA (Food and Agriculture Organisation/Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands). 2011. Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands (LADA) Project. http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/nr/kagera/Documents/LADA_manuals/part2_c.pdf [Accessed: 20 December 2020].
  • Fehmi JS. 2010. Confusion among three common plant cover definitions may result in data unsuited for comparison. Journal of Vegetation Science 21: 273–279. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2009.01141.x.
  • Fosu M, Kuhne RF, Vlek PL. 2004. Improving maize yield in the Guinea savannah zone of Ghana with leguminous cover crops and PK fertilization. Journal of Agronomy Pakistan 3:115-121
  • Galt D, Molinar F, Navarro J, Joseph J, Holechek J. 2000. Grazing capacity and stocking rate. Rangelands Archives 22: 7–11.
  • GISGeography. 2020. Kriging Interpolation – The Prediction Is Strong in this One. https://gisgeography.com/Kriging-interpolation-prediction/[Accessed: 14 January 2020].
  • GODI (Ghana Open Data Initiative). 2019. (Ghana Open Data Initiative). Metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies in Ghana. https://data.gov.gh/dataset/metropolitan-municipal-and-district-assemblies-ghana [Accessed: 9 May 2022].
  • Godínez-Alvarez H, Herrick JE, Mattocks M, Toledo D, Van Zee J. 2009. Comparison of three vegetation monitoring methods:Their relative utility for ecological assessment and monitoring. Ecological indicators 9: 1001–1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2008.11.011.
  • GSS (Ghana Statistical Services). 2014. 2010 Population and housing census report. https://statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/pressrelease/Urbanisation%20in%20Ghana.pdf [Accessed: 4 June 2022].
  • GSS. 2021. Ghana 2021 Population and housing census general report, Volume 3A - Population of regions and districts. https://statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/pressrelease/2021%20PHC [Accessed: 1 May 2022].
  • Gupta A, Mishra P, Pandey CM, Singh U, Sahu C, Keshri A. 2019. Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia 22: 67–72. https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.ACA_157_18.
  • Hengl T. 2007. A Practical Guide to Geostatistical Mapping of Environmental Variables. EUR22904EN. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
  • Hilker T, Natsagdorj E, Waring RH, Lyapustin A, Wang Y. 2014. Satellite observed widespread decline in Mongolian grasslands largely due to overgrazing. Global Change Biology 20: 418–428. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12365.
  • Holechek JL, Pieper RD, Herbel CH. 2004. Range management: principles and practices. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall. 587 pp.
  • Hudak AT, Wessman CA. 1998. Textural analysis of historical aerial photography to characterise woody plant encroachment in South African savanna. Remote sensing of environment 66: 317–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00078-9.
  • Hunt ER Jr, Everitt JH, Ritchie JC, Moran MS, Booth DT, Anderson GL, Clark PE, Seyfried MS. 2003. Applications and research using remote sensing for rangeland management. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 69: 675–693. https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.69.6.675.
  • Ilu IY, Franck A, Annatte I. 2016. Review of the livestock/meat and milk value chains and policy influencing them in Nigeria. FAO and ECOWAS. https://www.fao.org/3/a-i5259e.pdf [Accessed: 10 July 2020].
  • Isaaks EH, Srivastava RM. 1989. An introduction to geostatistics. New York: Oxford University Press. 413.
  • Jacobs SM, Naiman RJ. 2008. Large African herbivores decrease herbaceous plant biomass while increasing plant species richness in a semi-arid savanna toposequence. Journal of Arid Environments 72: 891–903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.11.015.
  • Jensen JR 2000. Remote Sensing of the Environment. An Earth Resource Perspective. Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
  • Kiernan D. 2020. Quantitative measures of diversity, site similarity, and habitat suitability. Natural Resources Biometrics. https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Applied_Statistics/Book%3A_Natural_Resources_Biometrics_(Kiernan)/10%3A_Quantitative_Measures_of_Diversity_Site_Similarity_and_Habitat_Suitability/10.01%3A_Introduction%2C__Simpson%E2%80%99s_Index_and_Shannon-Weiner_Index [Accessed: 23 July 2022].
  • LEAD Initiative. 2010. Livestock, environment and development initiative. http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/lead/lead.html [Accessed: 8 March 2022].
  • Lefohn AS, Knudsen HP, Shadwick DS. 2005. Using ordinary Kriging to estimate the seasonal W126, and N100 24-h concentrations for the Year 2000 and 2003. 111 p. https://webcam.srs.fs.usda,gov/test/pollutant/ozone/spatial/2000/contractor_2000_2003.pdf [Accessed: 10 January 2020].
  • Matthews TJ, Whittaker RJ. 2015. On the species abundance distribution in applied ecology and biodiversity management. Journal of Applied Ecology 52: 443–454. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12380.
  • MSD (Meteorological Services Department). 2020. Ghana meteorological agency’s seasonal rainfall forecast update for the major rainy season in the Northern sector: June–August and July–September for the country. https://www.meteo.gov.gh/gmet/download/jja_jas-seasonal-forecast-northern-ghana-2020/?wpdmdl=4859&refresh=5ecd3e86eb9e71590509190 [Accessed: 4 October 2022].
  • Mganga KZ, Musimba NK, Nyariki DM, Nyangito MM, Mwang’omb AW. 2016. Influence of forage value on the choice of grass species to combat desertification in semi-arid regions of Kenya. RUFORUM Working Document Series 14: 537 –541.
  • Mutanga O, Rugege D. 2006. Integrating remote sensing and spatial statistics to model herbaceous biomass distribution in a tropical savanna. International Journal of Remote Sensing 27: 3499–3514. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160600639735.
  • Mutanga O, Skidmore AK. 2007. Red edge shift and biochemical content in grass canopies. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 62: 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2007.02.001.
  • Mutanga O, Skidmore AK, Van Wieren S. 2003. Discriminating tropical grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) canopies grown under different nitrogen treatments using spectroradiometry. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 57: 263–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2716(02)00158-2.
  • Nyberg G, Knutsson P, Ostwald M, Öborn I, Wredle E, Otieno DJ, Mureithi S, Mwangi P, Said MY, Jirström M, Grönvall A. 2015. Enclosures in West Pokot, Kenya: Transforming land, livestock and livelihoods in drylands. Pastoralism 5: 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13570-015-0044-7.
  • Osem Y, Perevolotsky A, Kigel J. 2002. Grazing effect on diversity of annual plant communities in a semi-arid rangeland: interactions with small-scale spatial and temporal variation in primary productivity. Journal of Ecology 90: 936–946. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.00730.x.
  • Pärtel M, Laanisto L, Zobel M. 2007. Contrasting plant productivity diversity relationships across latitude: the role of evolutionary history. Ecology 88: 1091–1097. https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0997.
  • Razali NM, Wah YB. 2011. Power comparisons of Shapiro–Wilk, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Lilliefors and Anderson–Darling tests. Journal of Statistical Modelling and Analytics 2: 21–33.
  • Roodt V. 2011. Grasses of the Kruger National Park and Surrounding Bushveld. Cape Town: Veronica Roodt Publications.
  • Ryu JS, Kim MS, Cha KJ, Lee TH, Choi DH. 2002. Kriging interpolation methods in geostatistics and DACE model. KSME International Journal 16: 619–632. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03184811.
  • Said MS. 2003. Multiscale perspectives of species richness in East Africa. PhD thesis, ITC-Wageningen, the Netherlands.
  • SAS (Statistical Analysis System). 1999. The KRIGE2D Procedure. https://v8doc.sas.com/sashtml/stat/chap34/sect1.htm [Accessed: 4 February 2022].
  • Scoones I. 1999. Ecological dynamics and grazing-resource tenure: a case study from Zimbabwe. In: Niamir-Fuller M (ed), Managing mobility in African rangelands: the legitimisation of transhumance. London: Intermediate Technology Publications. pp 217–235.
  • Shannon CE. 1948 A mathematical theory of communication. The Bell System Technical Journal 27: 379–423. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x.
  • Sharov 1996. Elements of Geostatistics. https://web.ma.utexas.edu/users/davis/375/popecol/lec2/geostat.html [Accessed: 26 July 2021].
  • Simpson EH. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature 163: 688. https://doi.org/10.1038/163688a0.
  • Skerman PJ, Riveros F. 1990. Tropical grasses (No. 23). Food & Agriculture Organization. https://books.google.com.gh/baooks?hl=en&lr=&id=tCydcW6MK60C&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&ots=ZwHk8wlnoE&sig=cEVFAT5_fttp9pLYlBLnb1rgnZQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false [Accessed: 24 January 2022].
  • Skidmore AK. 1999. Accuracy assessment of spatial information. In: Stein A., Van der Meer F, Gorte B (eds), Spatial Statistics for Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing. Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47647-9_12.
  • Sousa AMO, Gonçalves AC, da Silva JRM. 2017. Above-ground biomass estimation with high spatial resolution satellite images. Biomass Volume Estimation and Valorisation for Energy. InTech Open. https://doi.org/10.5772/65665.
  • Timpong-Jones EC, Mutanga O, Adogla-Bessa T, Attua EM, Adiku SGK. 2013. Herbage yield and grazing capacity estimation in tropical coastal Savanna rangeland using spatial statistics. West African Journal of Applied Ecology 2: 37–45.
  • Timpong-Jones EC. 2000. Cattle condition assessment- a case study in Hurungwe, Kanyati and Omay districts, Mashonaland West province, Zimbabwe. MSc thesis. International Institute for Geo-information and Earth Observation (ITC) Enschede, The Netherlands.
  • Wackernagel H. 2003. Multivariate geoststistics: an introduction with applications. Springer. 403 p.
  • West NE. 2003. History of rangeland monitoring in the USA. Arid Land Research and Management 17: 495–545. https://doi.org/10.1080/713936110.
  • Wolfe DA 2012. Ranked set sampling: its relevance and impact on statistical inference. International Scholarly Research Network (ISRN) Probability and Statistics: Article 568385. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/568385.
  • Zailan MZ, Yaakub H, Jusoh S. 2018. Yield and nutritive quality of Napier (Pennisetum purpureum) cultivars as fresh and ensiled fodder. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 28:63–72.
  • Zerger A, Gibbons P, Seddon J, Warren G, Austin M, Ryan P. 2008. Native vegetation condition: site to regional assessments. In: Pettit C, Cartwright W, Bishop I, Lowell K, Pullar D, Duncan D (eds), Landscape Analysis and Visualisation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp 139–157.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.