Temporal changes in kelp forest benthic communities following an invasion by the rock lobster Jasus lalandii

References

• Anderson , M J , Gorley , R N and Clarke , K R . 2008 . “ PERMANOVA+ for PRIMER: guide to software and statistical methods ” . Plymouth, , UK : PRIMER-E .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , R J , Carrick , P , Levitt , G J and Share , A . 1997 . Holdfasts of adult kelp Ecklonia maxima provide refuges from grazing for recruitment of juvenile kelps . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 159 : 265 – 273 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babcock , R C , Kelly , S , Shears , N T , Walker , J W and Willis , T J . 1999 . Changes in community structure in temperate marine reserves . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 189 : 125 – 134 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkai , A and Branch , G M . 1988a . Contrasts between the benthic communities of subtidal hard substrata at Marcus and Malgas islands: a case study of alternative stable states? . South African Journal of Marine Science , 7 : 117 – 137 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkai , A and Branch , G M . 1988b . The influence of predation and substratal complexity on recruitment to settlement plates: a test of the theory of alternative states . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 124 : 215 – 237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkai , A and McQuaid , C . 1988 . Predator-prey role reversal in a marine benthic ecosystem . Science , 242 : 62 – 64 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett , N S , Buxton , C D and Edgar , G J . 2009 . Changes in invertebrate and macroalgal populations in Tasmanian marine reserves in the decade following protection . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 370 : 104 – 119 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blamey , LK. 2010 . Ecosystem effects of a rock-lobster ‘invasion’: comparative and modelling approaches. PhD thesis , South Africa : University of Cape Town .
   Google Scholar
• Breen , P A and Mann , KH. 1976 . Changing lobster abundance and the destruction of kelp beds by sea urchins . Marine Biology , 34 : 137 – 142 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castilla , JC. 1999 . Coastal marine communities: trends and perspectives from human-exclusion experiments . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 14 : 280 – 283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke , K R and Gorley , R N . 2006 . “ PRIMER v6: user manual/tutorial ” . Plymouth, , UK : PRIMER-E .
   Google Scholar
• Cockcroft , A C , van Zyl , D and Hutchings , L . 2008 . Large-scale changes in the spatial distribution of South African West Coast rock lobsters: an overview . African Journal of Marine Science , 30 : 149 – 159 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford , R JM , Tree , A J , Whittington , P A , Visagie , J , Upfold , L , Roxburg , K J , Martin , A P and Dyer , B M . 2008 . Recent distributional changes of seabirds in South Africa: is climate having an impact? . African Journal of Marine Science , 30 : 189 – 193 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day , EG. 1998 . Ecological interactions between abalone (Haliotis midae) juveniles and sea urchins (Parechinus angulosus) off the south-west coast of South Africa. PhD thesis , South Africa : University of Cape Town .
   Google Scholar
• Day , E G and Branch , G M . 2000a . Relationships between recruits of abalone Haliotis midae, encrusting corallines and the sea urchin Parechinus angulosus . South African Journal of Marine Science , 22 : 137 – 144 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day , E G and Branch , G M . 2000b . Evidence for a positive relationship between juvenile abalone Haliotis midae and the sea urchin Parechinus angulosus in the south-western Cape, South Africa . South African Journal of Marine Science , 22 : 145 – 156 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day , E G and Branch , G M . 2002a . Effects of sea urchins (Parechinus angulosus) on recruits and juveniles of abalone (Haliotis midae) . Ecological Monographs , 72 : 133 – 149 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day , E G and Branch , G M . 2002b . Influences of the sea urchin Parechinus angulosus (Leske) on the feeding behaviour and activity rhythms of juveniles of the South African abalone Haliotis midae Linn . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 276 : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dayton , P K , Tegner , M J , Edwards , P B and Riser , K L . 1998 . Sliding baselines, ghosts and reduced expectations in kelp forest communities . Ecological Applications , 8 : 309 – 322 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estes , J A and Duggins , D O . 1995 . Sea otters and kelp forests in Alaska: generality and variation in a community ecological paradigm . Ecological Monographs , 65 : 75 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estes , J A , Tinker , M T , Williams , T M and Doak , D F . 1998 . Killer whale predation on sea otters linking oceanic and nearshore ecosystems . Science , 282 : 473 – 476 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairweather , T P , Hara , M , Van Der Lingen , C D , Raakjær , J , Shannon , L J , Louw , G G , Degnbol , P and Crawford , RJM. 2006b . A knowledge base for management of the capital-intensive fishery for small pelagic fishery off South Africa . African Journal of Marine Science , 28 : 645 – 660 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairweather , T P , Van Der Lingen , C D , Booth , A J , Drapeau , L and Van Der Westhuizen , J J . 2006a . Indicators of sustainable fishing for South African sardine Sardinops sagax and anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus . African Journal of Marine Science , 28 : 661 – 680 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field , J G , Griffiths , C L , Griffiths , R J , Jarman , N , Zoutendyk , P , Velimirov , B and Bowes , A . 1980 . Variation in structure and biomass of kelp communities along the south-west Cape coast . Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa , 44 : 145 – 203 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank , K T , Petrie , B , Choi , J S and Leggett , W C . 2005 . Trophic cascades in a formerly cod-dominated ecosystem . Science , 308 : 1621 – 1623 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fricke , AH. 1979 . Kelp grazing by the common sea urchin Parechinus angulosus Leske in False Bay, Cape . South African Journal of Zoology , 14 : 143 – 148 .
   Google Scholar
• Götz , A , Kerwath , S E , Attwood , C G and Sauer , WHH. 2009a . Effects of fishing on a temperate reef community in South Africa 1: ichthyofauna . African Journal of Marine Science , 31 : 241 – 251 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Götz , A , Kerwath , S E , Attwood , C G and Sauer , WHH. 2009b . Effects of fishing on a temperate reef community in South Africa 2: benthic invertebrates and algae . African Journal of Marine Science , 31 : 253 – 262 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths , MH. 2000 . Long-term trends in catch and effort of commercial linefish off South Africa's Cape Province: snapshots of the 20th century . South African Journal of Marine Science , 22 : 81 – 110 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halpern , B S , Cottenie , K and Broitman , B R . 2006 . Strong top-down control in southern California kelp forest ecosystems . Science , 312 : 1230 – 1232 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauck , M. 2009 . Crime, environment and power: revisiting the abalone fishery . South African Journal of Criminal Justice , 22 : 229 – 245 .
   Google Scholar
• Hauck , M and Sweijd , N A . 1999 . A case study of abalone poaching in South Africa and its impact on fisheries management . ICES Journal of Marine Science , 56 : 1024 – 1032 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackleman , J. 1996 . Structure and dynamics of the algal understorey in a kelp community at Cape Hangklip, Western Cape, South Africa. MSc thesis , South Africa : University of Cape Town .
   Google Scholar
• Mann , KH. 1977 . Destruction of kelp-beds by sea urchins: a cyclical phenomenon or irreversible degradation? . Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters , 30 : 455 – 467 .
   Google Scholar
• Mayfield , S. 1998 . Dietary assessment of the diets of West Coast rock lobster (Jasus lalandii): relationships between growth rate, diet and benthic community composition, with implications for the survival of juvenile abalone (Haliotis midae). PhD thesis , South Africa : University of Cape Town .
   Google Scholar
• Mayfield , S , Atkinson , L J , Branch , G M and Cockcroft , A C . 2000a . Diet of the West Coast rock lobster Jasus lalandii: Influence of lobster size, sex, capture depth, latitude and moult stage . South African Journal of Marine Science , 22 : 57 – 69 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayfield , S and Branch , G M . 2000 . Interrelations among rock lobsters, sea urchins and juvenile abalone: implications for community management . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science , 57 : 2175 – 2185 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayfield , S , Branch , G M and Cockcroft , A C . 2000b . Relationships among diet, growth rate, and food availability for the South African rock lobster, Jasus lalandii (Decapoda, Palinuridea) . Crustaceana , 73 : 815 – 834 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayfield , S , de Beer , E and Branch , G M . 2001 . Prey preference and the consumption of sea urchins and juvenile abalone by captive rock lobsters (Jasus lalandii) . Marine and Freshwater Research , 52 : 773 – 780 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menge , BA. 2000 . Top-down and bottom-up community regulation in marine rocky intertidal habitats . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 250 : 257 – 289 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paine , RT. 1969 . The Pisaster-Tegula interaction: prey patches, predator food preference and intertidal community structure . Ecology , 50 : 950 – 961 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paine , RT. 1974 . Intertidal community structure . Oecologia , 15 : 93 – 120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paine , RT. 1980 . Food webs: linkage, interaction strength and community infrastructure . Journal of Animal Ecology , 49 : 667 – 685 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plagányi , E and Butterworth , DS. 2010 . A spatial-and age-structured assessment model to estimate the impact of illegal fishing and ecosystem change on the South Coast abalone Haliotis midae resource . African Journal of Marine Science , 32 : 207 – 236 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollock , DE. 1979 . Predator-prey relationships between the rock lobster Jasus lalandii and the mussel Aulacomya ater at Robben Island on the Cape west coast of Africa . Marine Biology , 52 : 347 – 356 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouault , M , Penven , P and Pohl , B . 2009 . Warming in the Agulhas Current system since the 1980s . Geophysical Research Letters , 36 : L12602 doi:10.1029/2009GL037987
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy , C , Van Der Lingen , C D , Coetzee , J C and Lutjeharms , JRE. 2007 . Abrupt environmental shift associated with changes in the distribution of Cape anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus spawners in the southern Benguela . African Journal of Marine Science , 29 : 309 – 319 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shears , N T and Babcock , R C . 2002 . Marine reserves demonstrate top-down control of community structure on temperate reefs . Oecologia , 132 : 131 – 142 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shears , N T and Babcock , R C . 2003 . Continuing trophic cascade effects after 25 years of no-take marine reserve protection . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 246 : 1 – 16 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepherd , S A and Thomas , I M . 1982 . Marine invertebrates of southern Australia—Part 1 , South Australia : Government Printer .
   Google Scholar
• Steneck , RS. 1997 . “ Fisheries-induced biological changes to the structure and function of the Gulf of Maine ecosystem. Plenary Paper ” . In Proceedings of the Gulf of Maine ecosystem dynamics scientific symposium and workshop. RARGOM Report, 97–1. Hanover , Edited by: Wallace , G T and Braasch , E F . 151 – 165 . New Hampshire : Regional Association for Research on the Gulf of Maine .
   Google Scholar
• Steneck , R S , Graham , M H , Bourque , B J , Corbett , D , Erlandson , J M , Estes , J A and Tegner , M J . 2002 . Kelp forest ecosystems: biodiversity, stability, resilience and future . Environmental Conservation , 29 : 436 – 459 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarr , RJQ. 2000 . “ The South African abalone (Haliotis midae) fishery: a decade of challenges and change ” . In Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , Edited by: Campbell , A . Vol. 130 , 32 – 40 . Workshop on rebuilding abalone stocks in British Columbia .
   Google Scholar
• Tarr , R JQ , Williams , P VG and Mackenzie , A J . 1996 . Abalone, sea urchins and rock lobster: a possible ecological shift that may affect traditional fisheries . South African Journal of Marine Science , 17 : 319 – 323 .
   Google Scholar
• Tegner , M J and Dayton , P K . 1991 . Sea urchins, El Niños and the long term stability of southern California kelp forest communities . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 77 : 49 – 63 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Der Lingen , C D , Coetzee , J C and Hutchings , L . 2002 . “ Temporal shifts in the spatial distribution of anchovy spawners and their eggs in the Southern Benguela: implications for recruitment ” . In Report of a GLOBECSPACC/ IDYLE/ENVIFISH workshop on spatial approaches to the dynamics of coastal pelagic resources and their environment in upwelling areas. GLOBEC Report Edited by: van der Lingen , C D , Roy , C , Fréon , P , Barange , M , Castro , L , Gutierrez , M , Nykjaer , L and Shillington , F . Vol. 16 , 46 – 48 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Der Lingen , C D , Hutchings , L , Merkle , D , Van Der Westhuizen , J J and Nelson , J . 2001 . “ Comparative spawning habitats of anchovy (Engraulis capensis) and sardine (Sardinops sagax) in the Southern Benguela upwelling ecosystem ” . In Spatial processes and management of marine populations , Edited by: Kruse , G H , Bez , N , Booth , T , Dorn , M , Hills , S , Lipcius , R N , Pelletier , D , Roy , C , Smith , S J and Witherell , D . 185 – 209 . Fairbanks : University of Alaska Sea Grant, AK-SG-01–02 .
   Google Scholar
• van Zyl , R F , Mayfield , S and Branch , G M . 2003 . Aquarium experiments comparing the feeding behaviour of rock lobster Jasus lalandii on abalone and sea urchins at two sites on the west coast of South Africa . African Journal of Marine Science , 25 : 377 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velimirov , B , Field , J G , Griffiths , C L and Zoutendyk , P . 1977 . The ecology of kelp bed communities in the Benguela upwelling system. Helgoländer wiss . Meeresunters , 30 : 495 – 518 .
   Google Scholar
• Velimirov , B and Griffiths , CL. 1979 . Wave induced kelp movement and its importance for community structure . Botanica Marina , 22 : 169 – 172 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worm , B and Myers , RA. 2003 . Meta-analysis of cod-shrimp interactions reveals top-down control in oceanic food webs . Ecology , 84 : 162 – 173 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar