Dynamics and role of the Durban cyclonic eddy in the KwaZulu-Natal Bight ecosystem

References

• Anderson FP, Grundlingh ML, Stavropoulos CC. 1988. Kinematics of the southern Natal coastal circulation: some historic measurements 1962–63. South African Journal of Science 84: 857–860.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakun A. 2006. Fronts and eddies as key structures in the habitat of marine fish larvae: opportunity, adaptive response and competitive advantage. Scientia Marina 70: 105–122. doi: 10.3989/scimar.2006.70s2105
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckley LE, van Ballegooyen RC. 1992. Oceanographic conditions during three ichthyoplankton surveys of the Agulhas Current in 1990/91. South African Journal of Marine Science 12: 83–93. doi: 10.2989/02577619209504693
   Google Scholar
• Beckley LE, Hewitson JD. 1994. Distribution and abundance of clupeoid larvae along the east coast of South Africa in 1990/91. South African Journal of Marine Science 14: 205–212. doi: 10.2989/025776194784287085
   Google Scholar
• Bryden HL, Beal LM, Duncan LM. 2005. Structure and transport of the Agulhas Current and its temporal variability. Journal of Oceanography 61: 479–492. doi: 10.1007/s10872-005-0057-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campos EJD, Velhote D, da Silveira ICA. 2000. Shelf break upwelling driven by Brazilian Current cyclonic meanders. Geophysical Research Letters 27: 751–754. doi: 10.1029/1999GL010502
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter RA. 1976. The distribution of calanoid Copepoda in the Agulhas Current system and their significance in the identification of water masses within the system. Internal Report No. IG 76/1. CSIR [Council for Scientific and Industrial Research], Durban.
   Google Scholar
• Carter RA, d’Aubrey J. 1988. Inorganic nutrients in Natal continental shelf waters. In: Schumann EH (ed.), Coastal ocean studies off Natal, South Africa. Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies 26. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. pp 131–151.
   Google Scholar
• de Ruijter WPM, van Leeuwen PJ, Lutjeharms JRE. 1999. Generation and evolution of Natal Pulses: solitary meanders in the Agulhas Current. Journal of Physical Oceanography 29: 3043–3055. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1999)029<3043:GAEONP>2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elipot S, Beal LM. 2015. Characteristics, energetics, and origins of Agulhas Current meanders and their limited influence on ring shedding. Journal of Physical Oceanography 45: 2294–2314. doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-14-0254.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falkowski PG, Ziemann D, Kolber Z, Bienfang PK. 1991. Role of eddy pumping in enhancing primary production in the ocean. Nature 352: 55–58. doi: 10.1038/352055a0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fennessy ST, Roberts MJ, Paterson AW. 2016. A brief overview of the ACEP project: Ecosystem Processes in the KwaZulu- Natal Bight. In: Roberts MJ, Fennessy ST, Barlow RG (eds), Ecosystem processes in the KwaZulu-Natal Bight. African Journal of Marine Science 38(Supplement): S1–S6.
   Google Scholar
• Flemming BW. 1980. Sand transport and bedform patterns on the continental shelf between Durban and Port Elizabeth (southeast African continental margin). Sedimentary Geology 26: 179–205. doi: 10.1016/0037-0738(80)90011-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill AE, Schumann EH. 1979. Topographically induced changes in the structure of an inertial coastal jet: application to the Agulhas Current. Journal of Physical Oceanography 9: 975–991. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1979)009<0975:TICITS>2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gründlingh ML. 1992. Agulhas Current meanders: review and case study. South African Geographical Journal 74: 19–28. doi: 10.1080/03736245.1992.10586390
   Google Scholar
• Gründlingh ML, Pearce AF. 1990. Frontal features of the Agulhas Current in the Natal Bight. South African Geographical Journal 72: 11–14. doi: 10.1080/03736245.1990.9713541
   Google Scholar
• Harris TFW. 1964. Notes on Natal coastal waters. South African Journal of Science 60: 237–241.
   Google Scholar
• Huggett J. 2014. Mesoscale distribution and community composition of zooplankton in the Mozambique Channel. Deep-Sea Research II 100: 119–135. doi: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.10.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ito T, Kaneko A, Furukawa H, Gohda N, Koterayama W. 1995. A structure of the Kuroshio and its related upwelling on the East China Sea shelf slope. Journal of Oceanography 51: 267–278. doi: 10.1007/BF02285165
   Google Scholar
• Janowitz GS, Pietrafesa LJ. 1982. The effects of alongshore variation in bottom topography on a boundary current – (topographically induced upwelling). Continental Shelf Research 1: 123–141. doi: 10.1016/0278-4343(82)90001-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee TN, Atkinson LP, Legeckis R. 1981. Observation of Gulf Stream frontal eddy on the Georgia continental shelf, April 1977. Deep-Sea Research 28: 347–378. doi: 10.1016/0198-0149(81)90004-2
   Google Scholar
• Lee TN, Yoder JA, Atkinson LP. 1991. Gulf Stream frontal eddy influence on productivity of the Southeast U.S. continental shelf. Journal of Geophysical Research 96: 22191–22205. doi: 10.1029/91JC02450
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lima ID, Garcia CAE, Möller OO. 1996. Ocean surface processes on the southern Brazilian shelf: characterization and seasonal variability. Continental Shelf Research 16: 1307–1317. doi: 10.1016/0278-4343(95)00066-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lutjeharms JRE. 2006. The Agulhas Current. Berlin: Springer- Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Lutjeharms JRE, Connell AD. 1989. The Natal Pulse and inshore counter currents off the South African east coast. South African Journal of Science 85: 533–535.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lutjeharms JRE, Roberts H. 1988. The Natal Pulse: an extreme transient on the Agulhas Current. Journal of Geophysical Research 93: 631–645. doi: 10.1029/JC093iC01p00631
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lutjeharms JRE, Valentine HR, van Ballegooyen RC. 2000. The hydrography and water masses of the Natal Bight, South Africa. Continental Shelf Research 20: 1907–1939. doi: 10.1016/S0278-4343(00)00053-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGillicuddy DJ, Robinson AR, Siegel HW, Jannasch HW, Johnson R, Dickey TD et al. 1998. Influence of mesoscale eddies on new production in the Sargasso Sea. Nature 394: 263–266. doi: 10.1038/28367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer AA, Lutjeharms JRE, de Villiers S. 2002. The nutrient characteristics of the Natal Bight, South Africa. Journal of Marine Research 35: 1–37.
   Google Scholar
• Morris T, Lamont T, Roberts MJ. 2013. Effects of deep-sea eddies on the northern KwaZulu-Natal shelf, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 35: 343–350. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2013.827991
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakata H, Kimura S, Okazaki Y, Kasai A. 2000. Implications of meso-scale eddies caused by frontal disturbances of the Kuroshio Current for anchovy recruitment. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57: 143–152. doi: 10.1006/jmsc.1999.0565
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niiler PP, Sybrandy AS, Bi K, Poulain P, Bitterman D. 1995. Measurements of the water-following capability of holey-sock and TRISTAR drifters. Deep Sea Research 42: 1951–1964. doi: 10.1016/0967-0637(95)00076-3
   Google Scholar
• Oke PR, Griffin DA. 2011. The cold-core eddy and strong upwelling off the coast of New South Wales in early 2007. Deep Sea Research II 58: 574–591. doi: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.06.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliff WD. 1969. The disposal of effluents into the sea off the Natal coast. NTRPC Report No. 14. Pietermaritzburg: Natal Town and Regional Planning Commission.
   Google Scholar
• Oliff WD, Addison BR. 1970. Currents on the Natal Coast CSIR Contract Report No. C WAT 23. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban.
   Google Scholar
• Pearce AE. 1974. Preliminary results from a set of ten cruises out to 100 km off Durban. NRIO Internal Report IG 74/11. National Research Institute for Oceanology, CSIR [Council for Scientific and Industrial Research], Durban.
   Google Scholar
• Pearce AE. 1977. The shelf circulation off the east coast of South Africa. CSIR Research Report No. 361. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Stellenbosch.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts MJ, Nieuwenhuys C. 2016. Observations and mechanisms of upwelling in the northern KwaZulu-Natal Bight, South Africa. In: Roberts MJ, Fennessy ST, Barlow RG (eds), Ecosystem processes in the KwaZulu-Natal Bight. African Journal of Marine Science 38(Supplement): S43–S63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts MJ, Nieuwenhuys C, Guastella LA. 2016. Circulation of shelf waters in the KwaZulu-Natal Bight, South Africa. In: Roberts MJ, Fennessy ST, Barlow RG (eds), Ecosystem processes in the KwaZulu-Natal Bight. African Journal of Marine Science 38(Supplement): S7–S21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts MJ, Ternon JF, Morris T. 2014. Interaction of dipole eddies with the western continental slope of the Mozambique Channel. Deep-Sea Research II 100: 54–67. doi: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.10.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts MJ, van der Lingen CD, Whittle C, van den Berg M. 2010. Shelf currents, lee-trapped and transient eddies on the inshore boundary of the Agulhas Current, South Africa: their relevance to the KwaZulu-Natal sardine run. African Journal of Marine Science 32: 423–447. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2010.512655
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts MJ, Zemlak T, Connell A. 2011. Cyclonic eddies reveal Oegopsida squid egg balloon masses in the Agulhas Current, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 33: 239–246. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2011.600294
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouault MJ, Penven P. 2011. New perspectives on Natal Pulses from satellite observations. Journal of Geophysical Research 116: C07013, doi: 10.1029/2010JC006866
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roughan M, Middleton JH. 2002. A comparison of observed upwelling mechanisms off the east coast of Australia. Continental Shelf Research 22: 2551–2572. doi: 10.1016/S0278-4343(02)00101-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schumann EH. 1982. Inshore circulation of the Agulhas Current off Natal. Journal of Marine Research 40: 43–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schumann EH. 1988. Physical oceanography off Natal. In: Schumann EH (ed.), Coastal ocean studies off Natal, South Africa. Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies 26. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. pp 101–130.
   Google Scholar
• Seki MP, Polovina JP, Brainard RE. 2001. Biological enhancement at cyclonic eddies tracked with GEOS thermal imagery in Hawaiian waters. Geophysical Research Letters 28: 1583–1586. doi: 10.1029/2000GL012439
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith DC, O’Brien JJ. 1983. The interaction of a two-layer isolated mesoscale eddy with bottom topography. Journal of Physical Oceanography 13: 1681–1697. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1983)013<1681:TIOATL>2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tripp RT. 1967. An atlas of coastal surface drifts Cape Town to Durban. Cape Town: South African Oceanographic Data Centre, University of Cape Town.
   Google Scholar
• Wylie SC. 1964. Coastal currents off the Natal south coast extracted from a coaster’s log book. CSIR Progress Report No. 10 to Marine Disposal Effluents Steering Committee. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban.
   Google Scholar
• Yoder JA, Atkinson LP, Lee TN, Kim HH, McClain CR. 1981. Role of Gulf Stream frontal eddies in forming phytoplankton patches on the outer southeastern shelf. Limnology and Oceanography 26: 1103–1110. doi: 10.4319/lo.1981.26.6.1103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar