Eelgrass beds and bare substrata – sparid and mugilid composition in contrasting littoral estuarine habitats

References

• Adams JB. 2016. Distribution and status of Zostera capensis in South African estuaries—a review. South African Journal of Botany 107: 63–73. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2016.07.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams JB, Bate GC. 1994. The ecological implications of tolerance to salinity by Ruppia cirrhosa (Petagna) Grande and Zostera capensis Setchell. Botanica Marina 37: 449–456. doi: 10.1515/botm.1994.37.5.449
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes RSK. 2010a. Spatial variation in abundance and diversity of the smaller surface and near-surface eelgrass-associated intertidal macrobenthos within a warm-temperate estuarine bay in the Garden Route National Park, RSA. Aquatic Conservation 20: 762–772. doi: 10.1002/aqc.1152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes RSK. 2010b. Regional and latitudinal variation in the diversity, dominance and abundance of microphagous microgastropods and other benthos in intertidal beds of dwarf eelgrass, Nanozostera spp. Marine Biodiversity 40: 95–106. doi: 10.1007/s12526-010-0036-1
   Google Scholar
• Barnes RSK. 2013. Distribution patterns of microbenthic biodiversity in the intertidal seagrass beds of an estuarine system, and their conservation significance. Biodiversity and Conservation 22: 357–372. doi: 10.1007/s10531-012-0414-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes RSK, Barnes MKS. 2014. Biodiversity differentials between the numerically-dominant macrobenthos of seagrass and adjacent unvegetated sediment in the absence of sandflat bioturbation. Marine Environmental Research 99: 34–43. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.05.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes RSK, Ellwood MDF. 2012. Spatial variation in the microbenthic assemblages of intertidal seagrass along the long axis of an estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 112: 173–182. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2012.07.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckley LE. 1983. The ichthyofauna associated with Zostera capensis Setchell in the Swartkops Estuary, South Africa. South African Journal of Zoology 18: 15–24. doi: 10.1080/02541858.1983.11447809
   Google Scholar
• Bennett BA. 1989. A comparison of the fish communities in nearby permanently open, seasonally open and normally closed estuaries in the south-western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 8: 43–55. doi: 10.2989/02577618909504550
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blaber SJM. 1977. The feeding ecology and relative abundance of mullet (Mugilidae) in Natal and Pondoland estuaries. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 9: 259–275. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1977.tb00269.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dibble ED, Killgore KJ, Harrel SL. 1996. Assessment of fish– plant interactions. American Fisheries Society Symposium 16: 357–372.
   Google Scholar
• Ferrell DJ, Bell JD. 1991. Differences among assemblages of fish associated with Zostera capricorni and bare sand over a large spatial scale. Marine Ecology Progress Series 72: 15–24. doi: 10.3354/meps072015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grindley JR. 1985. Report No. 30: Knysna (CMS 13). In: Heydorn AEF, Grindley JR (eds), Estuaries of the Cape. CSIR Research Report 429, Pretoria, South Africa.
   Google Scholar
• Guidetti P. 2000. Differences among fish assemblages associated with nearshore Posidonia oceanica seagrass beds, rocky-algal reefs and unvegetated sand habitats in the Adriatic Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 50: 515–529. doi: 10.1006/ecss.1999.0584
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanekom N, Baird D. 1984. Fish community structures in Zostera and non-Zostera regions of the Kromme Estuary, St Francis Bay. South African Journal of Zoology 19: 295–301. doi: 10.1080/02541858.1984.11447897
   Google Scholar
• Hanekom N, Baird D. 1988. Distribution and variations in seasonal biomass of eelgrass Zostera capensis in the Kromme Estuary, St Francis Bay, South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 7: 51–59. doi: 10.2989/025776188784379099
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heck KL, Able KW, Fahay MP, Roman CT. 1989. Fishes and decapod crustaceans of Cape Cod eelgrass meadows: species composition, seasonal abundance patterns and comparison with unvegetated substrates. Estuaries 12: 59–65. doi: 10.2307/1351497
   Google Scholar
• Heck KL, Hays G, Orth RJ. 2003. Critical evaluation of the nursery role hypothesis for seagrass meadows. Marine Ecology Progress Series 253: 123–136. doi: 10.3354/meps253123
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes JE, Deegan LA, Wyda JC, Weaver MJ, Wright A. 2002. The effects of eelgrass habitat loss on estuarine fish communities of southern New England. Estuaries 25: 235–249. doi: 10.1007/BF02691311
   Google Scholar
• James NC, Whitfield AK, Cowley PD. 2008. Long-term stability of the fish assemblages in a warm-temperate South African estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 76: 723–738. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2007.07.036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Largier JL, Attwood C, Harcourt-Baldwin J. 2000. The hydrographic character of the Knysna Estuary. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 55: 107–122. doi: 10.1080/00359190009520437
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann BQ, Buxton CD. 1998. The reproductive biology of Diplodus sargus capensis and D. cervinus hottentotus (Sparidae) off the southeast coast, South Africa. Cybium 22: 31–47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maree B. 2000. Structure and status of the intertidal wetlands of the Knysna Estuary. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 55: 163–176. doi: 10.1080/00359190009520441
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paterson AW, Whitfield AK. 2000. The ichthyofauna associated with an intertidal creek and adjacent eelgrass beds in the Kariega Estuary, South Africa. Environmental Biology of Fishes 58: 145–156. doi: 10.1023/A:1007629328937
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pogoreutz C, Kneer D, Litaay M, Asmus H, Ahnelt H. 2012. The influence of canopy structure and tidal level on fish assemblages in tropical Southeast Asian seagrass meadows. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 107: 58–68. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2012.04.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollard DA. 1984. A review of ecological studies on seagrass— fish communities, with particular reference to recent studies in Australia. Aquatic Botany 18: 3–42. doi: 10.1016/0304-3770(84)90079-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinn GP, Keough MJ. 2002. Experimental design and data analysis for biologists. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sogard SM, Able KW. 1991. A comparison of eelgrass, sea lettuce, macroalgae, and marsh creeks as habitats for epibenthic fishes and decapods. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 33: 501–519. doi: 10.1016/0272-7714(91)90087-R
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ter Morshuizen LD, Whitfield AK. 1994. The distribution of littoral fish associated with eelgrass Zostera capensis beds in the Kariega Estuary, a southern African system with a reversed salinity gradient. South African Journal of Marine Science 14: 95–105. doi: 10.2989/025776194784287049
   Google Scholar
• van der Walt BA, Mann BQ. 1998. Aspects of the reproductive biology of Sarpa salpa (Pisces: Sparidae) off the east coast of South Africa. South African Journal of Zoology 33: 241–248. doi: 10.1080/02541858.1998.11448478
   Google Scholar
• Whitfield AK. 1984. The effects of prolonged aquatic macrophyte senescence on the biology of the dominant fish species in a southern African coastal lake. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 18: 315–329. doi: 10.1016/0272-7714(84)90074-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitfield AK. 1986. Fish community structure response to major habitat changes within the littoral zone of an estuarine coastal lake. Environmental Biology of Fishes 17: 41–51. doi: 10.1007/BF00000399
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitfield AK. 1988. The fish community of the Swartvlei Estuary and the influence of food availability on resource utilization. Estuaries 11: 160–170. doi: 10.2307/1351968
   Google Scholar
• Whitfield AK. 1998. Biology and ecology of fishes in southern African estuaries. Ichthyological Monographs of the JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology 2, Grahamstown, South Africa.
   Google Scholar
• Whitfield AK. 2017. The role of seagrass meadows, mangrove forests, salt marshes and reed beds as nursery areas and food sources for fishes in estuaries. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 27: 75–110. doi: 10.1007/s11160-016-9454-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitfield AK, Beckley LE, Bennett BA, Branch GM, Kok HM, Potter IC, van der Elst RP. 1989. Composition, species richness and similarity of ichthyofauna in eelgrass Zostera capensis beds of southern Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 8: 251–259. doi: 10.2989/02577618909504565
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitfield A[K], Elliott M. 2011. Ecosystem and biotic classifications of estuaries and coasts. In: Wolanski E, McLusky DS (eds), Treatise on estuarine and coastal science, Vol. 1. Waltham, MA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Whitfield AK, Kok HM. 1992. Recruitment of juvenile marine fishes into permanently open and seasonally open estuarine systems on the southern coast of South Africa. Ichthyological Bulletin of the JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology 57: 1–39.
   Google Scholar