Trends in shore-based angling effort determined from aerial surveys: a case study from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

References

• Arlinghaus R, Tillner R, Bork M. 2015. Explaining participation rates in recreational fishing across industrialised countries. Fisheries Management and Ecology 22: 45–55. doi: 10.1111/fme.12075
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brouwer SL, Mann BQ, Lamberth SJ, Sauer WHH, Erasmus C. 1997. A survey of the South African shore-angling fishery. South African Journal of Marine Science 18: 165–177. doi: 10.2989/025776197784161126
   Google Scholar
• Celliers L, Moffatt T, James NC, Mann BQ. 2004. A strategic assessment of recreational use areas for off-road vehicles in the coastal zone of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Ocean and Coastal Management 47: 123–140. doi: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2004.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke JR, Buxton CD. 1989. A survey of the recreational rock-angling fishery at Port Elizabeth on the south east coast of South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 8: 183–194. doi: 10.2989/02577618909504560
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke SJ, Twardek WM, Lennox RJ, Zolderdo AJ, Bower SD, Gutowsky LFG et al. 2018. The nexus of fun and nutrition: recreational fishing is also about food. Fish and Fisheries 19: 201–224. doi: 10.1111/faf.12246
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox SP, Walters CJ, Post JR. 2003. A model-based evaluation of active management of recreational fishing effort. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 23: 1294–1302. doi: 10.1577/M01-228AM
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunlop SW, Mann BQ. 2012. An assessment of participation, catch and effort in the KwaZulu-Natal shore-based marine linefishery, with comments on management effectiveness. African Journal of Marine Science 34: 479–496. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2012.725526
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunlop SW, Mann BQ, Cowley PD, Murray TS, Maggs JQ. 2015. Movement patterns of Lichia amia (Teleostei: Carangidae): results from a long-term cooperative tagging project. African Zoology 50: 249–257. doi: 10.1080/15627020.2015.1058724
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fennessy ST, Pradervand P, de Bruyn PA. 2010. Influence of the sardine run on selected nearshore predatory teleosts in KwaZulu-Natal. African Journal of Marine Science 32: 375–382. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2010.506988
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths SP, Bryant J, Raymond HF, Newcombe PA. 2017. Quantifying subjective human dimensions of recreational fishing: does good health come to those who bait? Fish and Fisheries 18: 171–184. doi: 10.1111/faf.12149
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris JM, Livingstone T, Lombard AT, Lagabrielle E, Haupt P, Sink K et al. 2011. Marine Systematic Conservation Assessment and Plan for KwaZulu-Natal – spatial priorities for conservation of marine and coastal biodiversity in KwaZulu-Natal. Technical Report. Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife Scientific Services.
   Google Scholar
• Hartill BW, Watson TG, Bian R. 2011. Refining and applying a maximum-count aerial-access survey design to estimate the harvest taken from New Zealand’s largest recreational fishery. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 31: 1197–1210. doi: 10.1080/02755947.2011.646454
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoenig JM, Martin FB, Heywood CM. 1989. Model-based sampling methods for effort and catch estimation. American Fisheries Society Symposium 6: 181–189.
   Google Scholar
• Kramer RW, Mann BQ, Dunlop SW, Mann-Lang JB, Robertson- Andersson D. 2017. Changes in recreational shore anglers’ attitudes towards, and awareness of, linefish management along the KwaZulu-Natal coast, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 39: 327–337. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2017.1373704
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leibold M, van Zyl CJ. 2008. Economic impact of sport and recreational angling in the Republic of South Africa, 2007. Consultant report compiled for the South African Deep-Sea Angling Association. Cape Town, South Africa: Development Strategies International.
   Google Scholar
• Lynch TP. 2006. Incorporation of recreational fishing effort into the design of marine protected areas. Conservation Biology 20: 1466–1476. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00509.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maggs JQ, Mann BQ, van der Elst RP. 2012. Long-term trends in the recreational shore-fishery for elf (Pomatomus saltatrix) along the KwaZulu-Natal coast, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 34: 401–410. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2012.709959
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maggs JQ, Mann BQ, Els M, Khumalo D. 2015. National Marine Linefish System: KZN recreational fisheries monitoring data collection by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife: 2014 annual report. Unpublished Report No. 325. Durban, South Africa: Oceanographic Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Maggs JQ, Mann BQ, Potts W, Dunlop SW. 2016. Traditional management strategies fail to arrest a decline in the catch-per- unit-effort of an iconic marine recreational fishery species with evidence of hyperstability. Fisheries Management and Ecology 23: 187–199. doi: 10.1111/fme.12125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malvestuto SP. 1983. Sampling the recreational fishery. In: Nielsen LA, Johnson DL (eds), Fisheries techniques. Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society. pp 397–419.
   Google Scholar
• Mann BQ, Pradervand P. 2007. Declining catch per unit effort of an estuarine-dependent fish, Rhabdosargus sarba (Teleostei: Sparidae), in the marine environment following closure of the St Lucia estuarine system, South Africa. African Journal of Aquatic Science 32: 133–138. doi: 10.2989/AJAS.2007.32.2.4.201
   Google Scholar
• Mann BQ, Beckley LE, van der Elst RP. 1997. Evaluation of linefishery participation and management along the KwaZulu- Natal coast. Unpublished Report No. 139. Durban, South Africa: Oceanographic Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Mann BQ, McDonald AM, Sauer WHH, Hecht T. 2003. Evaluation of participation in and management of the Transkei shore linefishery. African Journal of Marine Science 25: 79–97. doi: 10.2989/18142320309504002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann BQ, Nanni G, Pradervand P. 2008. A monthly aerial survey of the KwaZulu-Natal marine shore fishery. Unpublished Report No. 264. Durban, South Africa: Oceanographic Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Mann BQ, Pradervand P, Maggs JQ, Wintner S. 2012. A characterization of the paddle-ski fishery in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 34: 119–130. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2012.675120
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann BQ, Winker H, Maggs JQ, Porter S. 2016a. Monitoring the recovery of a previously exploited surf-zone fish community in the St Lucia Marine Reserve using a no-take sanctuary area as a benchmark. African Journal of Marine Science 38: 423–441. doi: 10.2989/1814232X.2016.1224779
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann BQ, Cowley PD, Kyle R. 2016b. Estimating the optimum size for inshore no-take areas based on movement patterns of surf-zone fishes and recommendations for rezoning of a World Heritage Site in South Africa. Ocean and Coastal Management 125: 8–19. doi: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.03.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann-Lang JB. 1996. National Marine Linefish System recreational data – a critical review. Unpublished Report No. 136. Durban, South Africa: Oceanographic Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• McCluskey SM, Lewison RL. 2008. Quantifying fishing effort: a synthesis of current methods and their applications. Fish and Fisheries 9: 188–200. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2979.2008.00283.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrath MD, Horner CCM, Brouwer SL, Lamberth SJ, Mann BQ, Sauer WHH, Erasmus C. 1997. An economic valuation of the South African Linefishery. South African Journal of Marine Science 18: 203–211. doi: 10.2989/025776197784161171
   Google Scholar
• Pollock KH, Jones CM, Brown TL. 1994. Aerial surveys. In: Angler survey methods and their applications in fisheries management. Special Publication No. 25. Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society. pp 191–202.
   Google Scholar
• Post JR, Sullivan M, Cox S, Lester NP, Walters CJ, Parkinson EA et al. 2002. Canada’s recreational fisheries: the invisible collapse? Fisheries 27: 6–17. doi: 10.1577/1548-8446(2002)027<0006:CRF>2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RSA (Republic of South Africa). 2014. Marine Living Resources Amendment Act (Act No. 5 of 2014). Government Gazette, South Africa 587 (37659).
   Google Scholar
• RSA (Republic of South Africa). 2019. Regulations for the management of the iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area in terms of the National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act (Act No. 57 of 2003). Government Gazette, South Africa R788 (42479).
   Google Scholar
• Saayman M, Saayman A, Zeelie E, Potts W, Mann B, Weyl O et al. 2017. Economic significance of recreational angling in South Africa 2017. Potchefstroom, South Africa: Tourism Research in Economics, Environs and Society.
   Google Scholar
• Smallwood CB, Beckley LE. 2012. Spatial distribution and zoning compliance of recreational fishing in Ningaloo Marine Park, north-western Australia. Fisheries Research 125–126: 40–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith MKS, Kruger N, Murray TS. 2015. Aerial surveys conducted along the Garden Route coastline, South Africa, to determine patterns in shore-fishing effort. Koedoe 57: 1–9. doi: 10.4102/koedoe.v57i1.1236
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Walt BA, Mann BQ. 1998. Aspects of the reproductive biology of Sarpa salpa (Pisces: Sparidae) off the east coast of South Africa. South African Journal of Zoology 33: 241–248. doi: 10.1080/02541858.1998.11448478
   Google Scholar
• Van Duffelen L, Mann BQ. 2017. Ezemvelo exit leaves KZN coast vulnerable. Fishing Industry News Southern Africa October: 9.
   Google Scholar
• Veiga P, Ribeiro J, Gonçalves JMS, Erzini K. 2010. Quantifying recreational shore angling catch and harvest in southern Portugal (north-east Atlantic Ocean): implications for conservation and integrated fisheries management. Journal of Fish Biology 76: 2216–2237. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02665.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vølstad JH, Pollock KH, Richkus WA. 2006. Comparing and combining effort and catch estimates from aerial-access designs as applied to a large-scale angler survey in the Delaware River. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 26: 727–741. doi: 10.1577/M04-146.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willemse M, Goble BJ. 2018. A geospatial approach to managing coastal access in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Journal of Coastal Research 34: 282–292. doi: 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-17-00009.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar