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Original Article

Postpartum Symptoms: Episiotomy or tear at vaginal delivery

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Pages 11-15 | Received 17 Apr 1989, Accepted 13 Nov 1989, Published online: 03 Aug 2009

References

  • Thacker SE, Banta HD. Benefits and risks of episiotomy: an interpretative review of the English language literature 1860–1980. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1983; 38(6)322–38
  • Kitzinger S, Walters R. Some Women's Experiences of Episiotomy. National Childbirth Trust, London 1981
  • Sleep J, Grant A, Garcia J, Elbourne D, Spencer J, Chalmers I. West Berkshire perineal management trial. Br Med J 1984; 289: 587–90
  • Harrison RF, Brennan M, North PM, Reed JV, Wickham EA. Is routine episiotomy necessary. Br Med J 1984; 288: 1971–75
  • Nielsen CA, Sigsgaard I, Olsen M, Tolstrup M, Danneskjold-Samsöe B., Bock J.E. Trainability of the pelvic floor. Acta Obstel Gynecol 1988; 67: 437–40
  • Boekens P, Lagasse R, Dramaix M, Wollast E. Episiotomy and third-degree tears. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1985; 92: 820–23
  • Blundel B, Kaminski M. Episiotomy and third-degree tears. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1985; 92: 1297–8

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