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Original Article

Physiological Activation of the Stapedius Muscle in Gallus Gallus

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Pages 13-19 | Received 12 Jun 1978, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Borg E. Acoustic middle ear reflexes: a sensory-control system. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh), Suppl. 1972; 304: 1
  • Borg E. Effects of central depressants on the acoustic middle ear reflex in rabbit. Acta Physiol Scand 1975; 94: 327
  • Borg E., Zakrisson J. The activity of the stapedius in man during vocalization. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1975; 9: 325
  • Borg E., Counter S., Rydqvist A. Contraction properties and fiber composition of the stapedius muscle of Gallus gallus. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh). 1978, In press
  • Golubeva T. The reflex activity of the tympanal muscle in the owl Asio otus. Zhurn Evol Biol Fisiol 1972; 8: 173
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  • Kato T. Zur Physiologie der Binnenmuskeln des Ohres. Pflüg Arch 1913; 150: 569
  • McCall G., Rabuzzi D. Reflex contraction of the middle-ear muscles secondary to stimulation of laryngeal nerves. J Speech & Hearing Res 1973; 16: 56
  • Msøller A. Bilateral contraction of the tympanic muscles in man, examined by measuring acoustic impedance-changes. Ann Otol (St. Louis) 1961; 70: 735
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  • Pohlman A. The position and functional interpretation of the elastic ligaments in the middle-ear of Gallus. J Morph 1921; 35: 229
  • Smith G. The middle-ear and columella of birds. Quart J Microsc Sci 1904; 48: 11
  • Suga N., Jen P. Coordinated activities of middle-ear and laryngeal muscles in echolocating bats. Science 1976; 191: 950
  • Wada Y. Beiträge zur vergleichenden Physiologic des Gehörorganes. Pflüg Arch 1924; 202: 47
  • Zakrisson J., Borg E. Stapediusreflexen och det egna talet. Svensk Otolaryngologisk Förening 1977; 1: 8

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