A Code for Ponto-Geniculo-Occipital Wave (PGO)

References

• Azzena G. B., Girotti M. L., Derin P. L. Convergence of labyrinthine and cerebral nystagmogenic impulses on brain‐stem units. Experimental Neurology 1967; 19: 401–411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker R., Precht W., Llinas R. Cerebellar modulatory action on the vestibulo‐trochlear pathway in the cat. Experimental Brain Research 1972a; 15: 346–385
   Google Scholar
• Baker R., Precht W., Llinas R. Mossy and climbing fiber projections of extraocular muscle afferents to cerebellum. Brain Research 1972b; 38: 440–445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bizzi E., Brooks D. C. Pontine reticular formation. Relation to lateral geniculate nucleus during deep sleep. Science 1963; 141: 270–272
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bizzi E., Pompeiano O., Somogyi I. Vestibular nucleis activity of single neurons during natural sleep and wakefulness. Science 1964; 145: 414–415
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bradley P. B., Dhavan B. N., Wolsencroft J. H. Pharmacological properties of cholinoceptive neurons in the medulla and pons of the cat. Journal of Physiology 1966; 183: 658–674
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brodal A., Destombes J., Lacerda A. M., Angaut P. Cerebellar projection onto the pontine nuclei. Experimental Brain Research 1972; 16: 115–139
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brodal A., Pompeiano O. Basic aspects of central vestibular mechanisms. Progress in Brain Research 1972; 37: 225–270
   Google Scholar
• Brooks D. C., Gershon M. J. Eye movement potentials in the oculomotor and visual system of the cat. Brain Research 1971; 27: 223–239
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bruggengate G., Engberg I. Effects of GABA and related amino acids on neurons in Deiter's nucleus. Brain Research 1969; 14: 533–535
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Burke W., Cole A. M. Extraretinal influences on the lateral geniculate nucleus. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology 1978; 80: 105–166
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buttner‐Ennever J. A., Henn V. An audiographic study of the pathways from the pontine reticular formation involved in horizontal eye movement. Brain Research 1969; 108: 155–164
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter M. B., Strominger N. L. Cerebello‐oculomotor fibers in the rhesus monkey. Journal of Comparative Neurology 1964; 123: 211–223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatelier G., Leitner L. M. Localizations of synchronous units of nystagmus in the rhombencephalon of the rabbit. Journal de Physiologie (Paris) 1962; 54: 312–320
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chu N.-S., Bloom F. E. Activity patterns of catecholamine containing pontine neurons in the dorso‐lateral tegmentum of unrestrained cats. Journal of Neurobiology 1974; 5: 527–544
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen B. The vestibulo‐ocular reflex arc. Handbook of Sensory Physiology, H. Kornhuber. Springer Verlag, Berlin 1974; Vol. 6/1: 478–540
   Google Scholar
• Cohen B., Feldman M. Relationship of electrical activity in pontine reticular formation and lateral geniculate body to rapid eye movements. Journal of Neurophysiology 1968; 31: 806–817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen B., Susuki E. Eye movements induced by ampullary nerve stimulation. Archives Italiennes de Biology 1963; 204: 347–351
   Google Scholar
• Cox D. R., Lewis P. A. The statistical analysis of series of events. Wiley & Sons, New York 1966
   Google Scholar
• Crannev R. Nystagmus related to lesions of the central vestibular apparatus and the cerebellum. Annals of Oto‐Laryngiatry 1951; 60: 186–195
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Curtis D. R. Microelectrophoresis. Biological Research, W. L. Nastuk. Academic Press, New York 1964; Vol. 6: 144–200
   Google Scholar
• Duensing F., Schaefer K. P. Die Neuronenaktivitat in der Formation Reticularis des Ronkencephalons beim vestibularen Nystagmus. Archives of Psychiatry 1957; 196: 265–290
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Estes M. S., Blanks R. H. I., Markham C. H. Physiological characteristics of vestibular first order neurons in the cat. Journal of Neurophysiology 1975; 34: 1232–1268
   Google Scholar
• Evinger C., Kaneko C. R. S., Fuchs A. F. Visual responses of omnipause neurons in the awake cat. Abstracts of the Society for Neurosciences 1978; 4: 491
   Google Scholar
• Gacek R. R. The course of central termination of first order neurons supplying endorgans in the cat. Acta Oto‐Laryngologica (Stockholm) 1969; 254: 1–66
   Google Scholar
• Gianazzo E., Manzoni T., Raffaele R., Sapienze S., Urbano A. Effects of chronic fastigial lesions on the sleep‐wakefulness rhythm in the cat. Archives Italiennes de Biology 1969; 107: 1–18
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gildenberg P. L., Hassler R. Influence of stimulation of the cerebral cortex on vestibular nuclei units in the cat. Experimental Brain Research 1971; 14: 77–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant K., Gueritaud J. P., Horchalle‐Bossavit G., Tyc‐Dumont S. Horizontal vestibular nystagmus. Experimental Brain Research 1976; 26: 367–386
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Graybiel A. M., Hartwieg E. A. Some afferent connections of the oculomotor complex in the cat. Brain Research 1974; 81: 543–551
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Highstein S. M. Organization of the inhibitory and excitatory vestibulo‐ocular reflex pathways to the IIIrd and IVth nuclei in rabbit. Brain Research 1971; 32: 218–224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Highstein S. M. Synaptic linkage in the vestibulo‐ocular and cerebellar pathways to the VIth nucleus in the rabbit. Experimental Brain Research 1973; 17: 301–331
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Highstein S. M., Cohen B., Matsunami K. Monosynaptic projections from the pontine reticular formation to the IIIrd nucleus in the cat. Brain Research 1974; 75: 340–344
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Highstein S. M., Ito M. Differential localization within the vestibular nuclear complex of the inhibitory and excitatory cells innervating the IIIrd nucleus and the VIth nucleus in rabbit. Brain Research 1971; 29: 358–362
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huggins W. H. Signal flow graphs and random signals. Proceedings of the I.R.E. 1957; 45: 74–86
   Google Scholar
• Hobson J. A., MacCarley R. Cortical unit activity in sleep and waking. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1971; 30: 97–112
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hoshino K., Pompeiano O., Magherini P. C., Mergner T. The oscillatory system responsible for the oculomotor activity during the bursts of REM. Archives Italiennes de Biologie 1976; 114: 278–309
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ito M., Highstein S. M., Tsuchiya T. The postsynaptic inhibition of rabbit oculomotor neurones by secondary vestibular impulses and its blockage by picrotoxin. Brain Research 1970; 17: 520–523; 524–526
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ito M., Nisimaru N., Yamamoto M. Specific neural connections for the cerebellar control of vestibuloocular reflexes. Brain Research 1973; 60: 238–243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ito M., Shiida T., Yagi N., Yamamoto M. Visual influence on rabbit horizontal vestibulo‐ocular reflex presumably affected via the cerebellar flocculus. Brain Research 1974; 65: 170–174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jalfre M., Monachon M. A., Polc P., Haefly W. A possible role of GABA in the control of PGO wave activity. First European Congress of Sleep Research. Krager, Basel 1972; 350–355
   Google Scholar
• Jonas G. M., Milsum J. H. Characteristics of neural transmission from the semi‐circular canal to the vestibular nuclei of cats. Journal of Physiology 1970; 200: 295–316
   Google Scholar
• Jouvet M., Matsumoto R. W. Effet de reserpine, Dopa et 5‐HTP sur les deux états de sommeil. Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de Biologie et de ses Filiales 1964; 158: 2137–2148
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kelly J. S. Microiontophoretic application of drugs to single neurons. Handbook of Psychopharmacology, L. L. Iversen, S. Snyder. Plenum Press, New York 1975; Vol. 2: 29–67
   Google Scholar
• Kirsten E., Sharma J. N. Characteristics and response differences to inhibition, to applied norepinephrine, amphetamine and acetylcholine on neurons in the medial and lateral vestibular nuclei of the cat. Brain Research 1976; 112: 77–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kornhuber H. H. Vestibular system. Handbook of Sensory Physiology, H. H. Kornhuber. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Vol. 6/1: 240–270
   Google Scholar
• Ladpli R., Brodal A. Experimental studies of commissural and reticular formation projections from the vestibular nuclei in the cat. Brain Research 1968; 8: 65–96
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacCarley R. W., Hobson J. A. Single nerve activity in cat gigantocellular tegmental field. Science 1971; 174: 1250–1252
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacCarley R. W., Nelson J. P., Hobson J. A. Pontogeniculo‐occipital (PGO) burst neurons: Correlative evidence for neuronal generators of PGO waves. Science 1978; 201: 269–272
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacGregor R. J. Neural Modeling. Plenum, New York 1975
   Google Scholar
• Magherini P. C., Giretti M. L., Precht W. Cerebellar control of vestibular neurons, of the frog. Pfluger's Archives 1975; 356: 99–109
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Magherini P. C., Pompeiano O., Thoden M. The neurochemical basis of REM sleep.; A cholinergic mechanism responsible for rhythmic activation of the vestibulo‐oculomotor system. Brain Research 1972; 35: 565–569
   Google Scholar
• Mano N., Oshima T., Shimizu H. Inhibitory commissural fibers interconnecting the bilateral vestibular nucleic units in the cat. Experimental Brain Research 1971; 14: 77–94
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mann N., Azzena G. B., Desole C. Eye nystagmus elicited by stimulation of the cerebral cortex of the rabbit. Archives Italiennes de Biology 1964; 102: 645–656
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Markham C. H., Curthays I. S. Labyrinthine convergence on vestibular neurons using natural and electric stimuli. Progress in Brain Research. Plenum Press, New York 1972; 37: 121–130
   Google Scholar
• Markham C. H., Precht W., Shimazu H. Effect of stimulation of interstitial nucleus of Cajal on vestibular unit activity in the cat. Journal of Neurophysiology 1966; 29: 493–507
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Markham C. H., Tagi T., Curthays I. S. The contribution of the contralateral labyrinths to second order vestibular neural activity in the cat. Brain Research 1977; 138: 99–109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuoka I., Domino E. F. Cholinergic mechanisms in the cat vestibular system. Neuropharmacology 1975; 14: 201–210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore G. P., Perkel D. H., Segundo J. B. Statistical analysis and functional interpretation of neuronal spike data. Annual Review of Physiology 1966; 28: 493–522
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison A. R., Pompeiano P. Vestibular influences on vegetative functions during the REM periods of desynchronized sleep. Experientia 1965; 21: 667–668
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Munson J. B., Hurd R. W. Lateral geniculate spikes and eye movements in sleeping and awake cats following uni‐ and bilateral labyrinthectomy and cerebellar lesion. Behavioral Biology 1973; 8: 39–45
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Netick A., Orem J., Dement W. Neuronal activity specific to rapid eye movement sleep and its relationship to breathing. Brain Research 1977; 120: 197–207
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Obita K., Highstein S. M. Blocking by picrotoxin of both vestibular inhibition and GABA action on rabbit oculomotor neurons. Brain Research 1970; 13: 538–541
   Google Scholar
• Orem J., Schlag J. Relations between thalamic and corticofugal sites of oculomotor control in the cat. Brain Research 1973; 60: 503–507
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perenin M. T., Maeda T., Jeannerod M. Are vestibular nuclei responsible for rapid eye movements of paradoxical sleep. Brain Research 1972; 43: 617–621
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perkel D. H., Gerstein G., Moore G. P. Neuronal spike trains and stochastic point processes. Biophysical Journal 1967; 7: 391–446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perkel D. H., Schulman J. H., Bullock T. H., Moore G. P., Segundo J. P. Pacemaker neurons: Effects of regularly spaced synaptic input. Science 1964; 145: 61–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson B. W., Abzug C. Properties of projections from vestibular nuclei to medial reticular formation in the cat. Journal of Neurophysiology 1975; 38: 1421–1435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson B. W., Anderson M. E., Filian M. Responses to ponto‐medullary reticular neurons to cortical, tectal and cutaneous stimuli. Experimental Brain Research 1974; 21: 19–44
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Peterson B. W., Fillian M., Felpel L. P., Abzug C. Responses of medial reticular neurons to stimulation of the vestibular neurons. Experimental Brain Research 1975; 22: 335–350
   Google Scholar
• Petrosini L., Roiani D., Manni E. Convergence of afferent impulses from individual semicircular canal on pontine reticular unit. Archives Italiennes de Biology 1975; 113: 63–79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poggio G. F., Viernstein L. F. J. Time series analysis of impulse sequences of somatic sensory neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology 1966; 27: 517–550
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pompeiano O., Morrison A. R. Vestibular influence during sleep. Archives Italiennes de Biology 1965; 103: 569–595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pompeiano O., Valentinuzzi M. A. A mathematical model for the mechanism of REM. Archives Italiennes de Biology 1976; 114: 130–150
   Google Scholar
• Pompeiano O., Walberg F. Descending connections to the vestibular nuclei. Journal of Comparative Neurology 1957; 108: 465–503
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Precht W. Vestibular and cerebellar control of oculomotor function. Bibliotheca Ophthalmica 1972; 82: 71–88
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Precht W. Physiological aspects of the efferent vestibular system. Handbook of Sensory Physiology, H. H. Kornhuber. Springer Verlag, Berlin 1974; Vol. 6/1: 221–236; 353–416
   Google Scholar
• Precht W., Shimazu H. Functional connections of tonic and kinetic vestibular neurons with primary vestibular afferents. Journal of Neurophysiology 1965; 28: 1014–1028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rashevsky N. Outline of a physico‐mathematical theory of excitation and inhibition. Proto‐Plasma 1933; 20: 42–56
   Google Scholar
• Ritchie L. Effects of cerebellar lesions on saccadic eye movements. Journal of Neurophysiology 1976; 39: 1246–1256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossi G., Voena G., Buongiovanus S., Cortesino G. Experimental studies on the local effects of acetylcholine, anticholinergic substances and cholinesterase inhibitors on vestibular formation. Acta Oto‐Laryngologia 1964; 58: 159–170
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roussel B., Pujol J. F., Jouvet M. Effets des lésions du tegmentum pontique sur les états de sommeil chez le rat. Archives Italiennes de Biology 1976; 114: 188–210
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rupert A., Moushegian G., Galambos R. Microelectrode studies of primary vestibular neurons in the cat. Experimental Neurology 1962; 5: 100–109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saito H., Sakai K., Jouvet M. Discharge patterns of the nucleus parabrachialis lateralis neurons in the cat during sleep and waking. Brain Research 1977; 134: 59–72
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scheibel A., Markham C., Koegler R. Neural correlates of the vestibulo‐ocular reflex. Neurology 1961; 11: 1055–1065
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scheibel M. E., Scheibel A. B., Mollica A., Moruzzi G. Convergence and interaction of afferent impulses on single units of reticular formation. Journal of Neurophysiology 1955; 18: 309–331
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwindt P. C., Richter A., Precht W. Short latency utricular and canal input to ipsilateral abducens motoneurons. Brain Research 1976; 60: 259–262
   Google Scholar
• Segundo P., Takenaka T., Encabo H. Electrophysiology of bulbar reticular neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology 1967; 30: 1194–1217
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Snider R. S., Niemer W. T. A Stereotaxic Atlas of the Cat Brain. University Press, Chicago 1961
   Google Scholar
• Steriade M., Hobson J. A. Neuronal activity during the sleep‐waking cycle. Progress of Neurobiology, G. A. Kerkut, J. W. Phillis. Pergamon Press, Oxford 1976; Vol. 6: 155–376
   Google Scholar
• Taghlietti V., Rossi M. L., Casella C. Adaptive distortions in the generator potentials of semicircular canal sensory afferents. Brain Research 1977; 123: 41–57
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tarlov E. Organization of vestibulo‐oculomotor projections in the cat. Brain Research 1970; 20: 159–179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torda C. Sleep and dream mechanisms. Lancet 1967; 1: 10011
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. Physiological and biochemical processes causally related to sleep, REM, dreaming, and arousal. Excerpta Medica, International Congress Series 1968; 171: 60
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. Physiological processes causally related to sleep, paradoxical sleep and arousal. Psychophysiology 1968b; 5: 209
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. Biochemical and bioelectric processes related to sleep, paradoxical sleep and arousal. Psychological Reports 1969; 24: 807–824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torda C. Differences in acetylcholine, norepinephrine and serotonin induced activity of lateral and medial geniculate neurons. IRCS Journal of Medical Sciences 1978a; 6: 210
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. Effects of noradrenaline and serotonin on activity of single lateral and medial geniculate neurons. General Pharmacology 1978b; 9: 455–462
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Torda C. Serotonin and the calcium channel. Abstracts of the Society for Neurosciences 1978c; 4: 585
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. A mechanism of action of serotonin: A relationship between Ca‐gating and Ca‐binding. Neurobiology 1978d, The Pharmacologist, 1979, 21, #32, 149
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. Excitatory and inhibitory effects of serotonin rooted in calcium gating and calcium binding. IRCS Medical Science 1979a; 7: 138
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. Dreaming and Memory, a Psychophysiological, Bioelectric and Biochemical Study. Walters, New York 1979b
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. Acetylcholine dependent modulation of the activities of lateral and medial geniculate neurons. International Journal of Neuroscience 1979c; 8: 195–203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torda C. Interference patterns in the PGO wave system. Journal of Theoretical Biology 1979d
   Google Scholar
• Torda C. Effects of serotonin and acetylcholine on encoding of pontine PGO waves. General Pharmacology 1979e
   Google Scholar
• Verzeano M., Dill R. C., Vallecalle E., Groves P., Thomas J. Evoked responses and neuronal activity in the lateral geniculate. Experientia 1968; 24: 696
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Walberg F., Jansen J. Cerebellar‐cortical‐vestibular fibers in the cat. Experimental Neurology 1961; 3: 32–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson V. J., Anderson J. A., Felix D. Individual semicircular canals. Unit and field potential activity evoked in the pigeon vestibular‐cerebellar system. Experimental Brain Research 1974; 19: 142–157
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson V. J., Wylie R. M., Marco L. A. Synaptic input to cells in the medial vestibular nucleus. Journal of Neurophysiology 1968; 31: 166–176; 177–185
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Woolley D. W., Gommi B. W. Serotonin receptors. VII. Activities of various pure gangliosides as the receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 1963; 53: 959–963
   Google Scholar
• Zadeh L. A. Signal flow graphs and random signals. Proceedings of I.R.E. 1957; 45: 1413–1414
   Google Scholar