0
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

The Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Diagnostic Criteria and Laboratory Evaluation

, , &
Pages 297-304 | Accepted 23 Mar 1993, Published online: 06 Jul 2009

References

  • Resegotti L. The nature and natural history of myelodysplasia. Br J Haematol 1992; 82: 232–4
  • Padua R. A. Genetic lesions in myelodysplasia. Br J Haematol 1992; 82: 234–6
  • Luzatto L., Colonna F., Reilly I. The “n-1” model for myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 57–9
  • Mufti G. J. Chromosomal deletions in the myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 35–41
  • Tricot G. Minimal diagnostic criteria for the myelodysplastic syndrome in clinical practice. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 5–6
  • Bain B. J. Leukemia Diagnosis. A guide to FAB classification. Lippincott, Philadelphia 1990
  • Bennett J. M., Catovsky D., Daniel M. T., et al. Proposals for the classification of the myelodysplastic syndromes. Br J Haematol 1982; 51: 189–99
  • Bennett J. M., Catovsky D., Daniel M. T., et al. Proposals for the classification of the acute leukemias. Br J Haematol 1976; 33: 451–8
  • Bennett J. M., Catovsky D., Daniel M. T., et al. Proposed revised criteria for the classification of acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Intern Med 1985; 103: 626–9
  • Hamblin T. J., Oscier D. G. The myelodysplastic syndrome — a practical guide. Hematol Oncol 1987; 5: 19–34
  • Gattermann N., Aul C., Schneider W. Two types of acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia (AISA). Br J Haematol 1990; 74: 45–52
  • Ost A., Reizenstein P. Minimal diagnostic criteria for the myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 9–11
  • Worseley A., Oscier D. G., Stevens J., et al. Prognostic features of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: a modified Bournemouth score gives the best prediction of survival. Br J Haematol 1988; 68: 17–21
  • Solal-Celigny P., Desaent B., Herrera A., et al. Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia according to FAB classification: analysis of 35 cases. Blood 1984; 63: 634–8
  • Ruutu T., Partanen S., Lintula R., Teerenhovi L., Knuutila S. Erythroid and granulocyte-macrophage colony formation in myelodysplastic syndromes. Scand J Haematol 1984; 32: 395–402
  • Sanz G. F., Sanz M. A., Vallespi T., et al. Two regression models and a scoring system for predicting survival and planning treatment in myelodysplastic syndromes: a multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in 370 patients. Blood 1989; 74: 395–408
  • Goasguen J. E., Bennett J. M., Cox C., et al. Prognostic implication and characterisation of the blast cell population in the myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 1991; 15: 1159–65
  • Scoazec J. Y., Imbert M., Crofts M., et al. Myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia? A study of 28 cases presenting with borderline features. Cancer 1985; 55: 2390–4
  • Weisdorf D. J., Oken M. M., Johnson G. J., Rydell R. E. Chronic myelodysplastic syndromes: short survival with or without evolution to acute leukemia. Br J Haematol 1983; 55: 691–700
  • Foucar K., Langdon R. M., Armitage J., et al. Myelodysplastic syndromes. A clinical and pathologic analysis of 109 cases. Cancer 1984; 56: 553–61
  • Sanz G. F., Sanz M. A. Prognostic factors in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 77–86
  • Tricot G., Vlietinck R., Boogaerts M. A., et al. Prognostic factors in the myelodysplastic syndromes: importance of initial data on peripheral blood counts, bone marrow cytology, trephine biopsy and chromosomal analysis. Br J Haematol 1985; 60: 19–32
  • Varela B. L., Chuang C., Wall J. E., Bennett J. M. Modifications in the classification of primary myelodysplastic syndromes: the addition of a scoring system. Haematol Oncol 1985; 3: 55–63
  • Mufti G. J., Stevens J. R., Oscier D. G., Hamblin T. J., Machin D. Myelodysplastic syndromes: a scoring system with prognostic significance. Br J Haematol 1984; 59: 425–33
  • Jacobs R. H., Cornbleet M. A., Vardiman J. W., et al. Prognostic implications of morphology and karyotype in primary myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 1986; 67: 1765–72
  • Hamblin T. J. Minimal diagnostic criteria for the myelodysplastic syndrome in clinical practice. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 3
  • Culligan D. J., Jacobs A. Minimal diagnostic criteria for the myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 4–5
  • Pagliuca A., Layton D. M., Manoharan A., et al. Myelofibrosis in primary myelodysplastic syndromes. A clinico-morphological study of 10 cases. Br J Haematol 1989; 71: 499–504
  • Maschek H., Georgii A., Kaloutsi V., et al. Myelofibrosis in primary MDS: A retrospective study of 352 patients. Eur J Haematol 1992; 48: 208–14
  • Lambertenghi-Deliliers G., Orazi A., Luksch R., Annaloro C., Soligo D. Myelodysplastic syndrome with increased marrow fibrosis: a distinct clinicopathological entity. Br J Haematol 1991; 78: 161–6
  • Imbert M., Nguyen D., Sultan C. Myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemias with myelofibrosis. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 51–4
  • Nand S., Godwin J. E. Hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome. Cancer 1988; 62: 958–64
  • Yoshida Y., Oguma S., Uchino H., Maekawa T. Refractory myelodysplastic anaemias with hypocellular bone marrow. J Clin Pathol 1988; 41: 763–7
  • Marsh J. CW, Geary C. G. Is aplastic anaemia a pre-leukemic disorder?. Br J Haematol 1991; 77: 447–52
  • Craig A., Geary C. G., Love E. M., Lin-Yin J. Red cell hypoplasia, thrombocytosis and leucocytosis: myelodysplastic and proliferative syndrome. J Clin Pathol 1988; 41: 1168–70
  • Williamson P. J., Oscier D. G., Bell A. J., Hamblin T. J. Red cell aplasia in myelodysplastic syndrome. J Clin Pathol 1991; 44: 431–2
  • Heim S. Cytogenetic findings in primary and secondary MDS. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 43–6
  • Tricot G., De Wolf-Peters C., Hendrickx B., Verwilghen R. L. Bone marrow histology in myelodysplastic syndromes. Br J Haematol 1984; 57: 423–30
  • Mangi M. H., Salisbury J. R., Mufti G. J. Abnormal localisation of immature precursors (ALIP) in the bone marrow of myelodysplastic syndromes: current state of knowledge and future directions. Leuk Res 1991; 15: 627–39
  • Rios A., Canizo M. C., Sanz M. A., et al. Bone marrow biopsy in myelodysplastic syndromes: morphological characteristics and contribution to the study of prognostic factors. Br J Haematol 1990; 75: 26–33
  • Tricot G. Prognostic factors in the myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 109–15
  • Mangi M. H., Mufti G. J. Primary myelodysplastic syndromes: diagnosis and prognostic significance of immunohistochemical assessment of bone marrow biopsies. Blood 1992; 79: 198–205
  • Bartl R., Frisch B., Baumgart R. Morphologic classification of the myelodysplastic syndromes: combined utilization of bone marrow aspirates and trephine biopsies. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 15–33
  • Pierre R. V., Catovsky D., Mufti G. J., et al. Clinical-cytogenetic correlations in myelodysplasia (pre-leukemia). Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1989; 40: 149–61
  • Hutchinson R. M., Pringle J. H., Knight S. C., Lauder I., Potter A., Jagger C. Oncogene expression in primary myelodysplasia: correlation with haematological, karyotypic and clinical progression. J Clin Pathol 1992; 45: 339–43
  • Geddes A. D., Bowen D. T., Jacobs A. Clonal karyotype abnormalities and clinical progress in the myelodysplastic syndrome. Br J Haematol 1990; 76: 194–202
  • Billstrom R., Thiede T., Hansen S., et al. Bone marrow karyotype and prognosis in primary myelodysplastic syndromes. Eur J Haematol 1988; 41: 341–5
  • Weh H. J., Von Paleske A., Hossfeld D. K. Disappearance of hypotetraploid clones after short-term culture of leukemic cells. A case report. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1983; 10: 237–40
  • Keinanen M., Knuutila S., Bloomfield C. D., et al. Bone marrow cytogenetics: the lineage of dividing cells during the first few hours of culture. Leukemia 1987; 1: 32–7
  • Poddighe P. J., Moesker O., Smeets D., et al. Interphase cytogenetics of haematological cancer: comparison of classical karyotyping and in situ hybridization using a panel of eleven chromosome specific DNA probes. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 1959–67
  • Kibbelaar R. E., Van Kamp H., Dreef E. J., et al. Combined immunophenotyping and DNA in situ hybridization to study lineage involvement in patients with MDS. Blood 1992; 79: 1823–8
  • Shepherd L., Cameron C., Galbraith P., Windsor S., Lillicrap D. Absence of allelic loss on chromosome 5q by RFLP analysis in preleukemia. Leuk Res 1991; 15: 297–303
  • Jacobs A. Gene mutations in myelodysplasia. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 47–50
  • Janssen J. WG, Buschle M., Layton M., et al. Clonal analysis of MDS - evidence of multipotent stem cell origin. Blood 1989; 73: 248–54
  • Nakagawa T., Saitoh S., Lmoto S., et al. Multiple point mutation of N-ras and K-ras oncogenes in MDS and AML. Oncology 1992; 49: 114–22
  • Layton D. M., Mufti G. J., Lyons J., et al. Loss of ras oncogene mutation in a myelodysplastic syndrome after low dose cytarabine therapy. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 1468
  • Padua R. A., Carter G., Hughes D., et al. Ras mutations in myelodysplasia detected by amplification, oligonucleotide hybridization and transformation. Leukemia 1988; 2: 503–10
  • Springall F., O'Mara S., Shounan Y., et al. C-fms point mutations in acute myeloid leukemia: fact or fiction?. Leukemia 1993, in press
  • Abrahamson G., Boultwood J., Madden J., et al. Clonality of cell populations in refractory anaemia using combined approach of gene loss and X-linked restriction fragment polymorphism-methylation analyses. Br J Haematol 1991; 79: 550–5
  • Hoy T. G., Geddes A. D., Jacobs A. DNA index and karyotype analysis in myelodysplasia. J Clin Pathol 1989; 42: 498–501
  • Thiele J., Quitmann H., Wagner S., Fischer R. Dysmegakaryopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndromes: an immunomorphometric study of bone marrow trephine biopsy specimens. J Clin Pathol 1991; 44: 300–5
  • Fox S. B., Lorenzen J., Heryet A., et al. Megakaryocytes in myelodysplasia: an immunohistochemical study on bone marrow trephines. Histopathology 1990; 17: 69–74
  • Kristensen J. G., Hokland P. Monoclonal antibody ratios in malignant myeloid diseases: diagnostic and prognostic use in myelodysplastic syndromes. Br J Haematol 1990; 74: 270–6
  • Raymaker R., De Witte T., Joziasse J., et al. In vitro growth pattern and differentiation predict for progression of myelodysplastic syndromes to acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. Br J Haematol 1991; 78: 35–41
  • Yoshida Y., Yoshida C., Tohyama K., et al. Prognostic implications of sequential bone marrow cultures in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 1989; 13: 967–72
  • Ruutu T. In vitro culture of haemopoietic progenitors in the diagnosis of blood disorders. Leuk Res 1992; 16: 423–6

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.