A New Theory for the Regulation of the Extracellular pH in the Brain

References

• Bradley R. D., Semple S. J. G. A comparison of certain acid-base characteristics of arterial blood, jugular venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid in man, and the effect on them of some acute and chonic acid-base disturbances. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 1962; 160: 381
   Google Scholar
• Caldwell P. C. Intracellular pH. Int. Rev. Cystol. 1956; 3: 229
   Google Scholar
• Clapp J. R., Watson J. F., Berliner R. W. Effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibition on proximal tubular bicarbonate reabsorption. Amer. J. Physiol. 1963; 205: 693
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fencl V., Miller T. B., Pappenheimer J. R. Studies on the respiratory response to disturbances of acid-base balance, with deductions concerning the ionic composition of cerebral interstitial fluid. Amer, J. Physiol. 1965; 210: 459
   Google Scholar
• Gesell R., Hertzman A. B. The regulation of respiration IV. Amer J. Physiol. 1965; 78: 610
   Google Scholar
• Goodrich C. Effect of chronic acidosis and alkalosis on rat CSF-blood potential. Physiologist 1965; 8: 178
   Google Scholar
• Granholm L., Siesjö B. K. The effects of hypercapnia and hypocapnia upon the cerebrospinal fluid lactate and pyruvate concentrations and upon the lactate, pyruvate, ATP, ADP, phosphocreatine and creatine concentrations of cat brain tissue. Acta physiol. scand. 1969; 75: 257
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Held D., Fencl V., Pappenheimer J. R. Electrical potential of cerebrospinal fluid. J. Neurophysiol. 1964; 27: 942
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kjällquist Å., Messeter K., Siesjö B. K. The in vivo CO2 buffer capacity of rat brain tissue under carbonic anhydrase inhibition. Acta physiol. scand.
   Google Scholar
• Kjällquist Å., Nardini M., Siesjö B. K. The regulation of extra- and intracellular acid-base parameters in the rat brain during hyper- and hypocapnia. Acta physiol. scand.
   Google Scholar
• Kjällquist Å., Siesjö B. K. The CSF/blood potential in sustained acidosis and alkalosis in the rat. Acta physiol. scand. 1967; 71: 255
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kjällquist Å., Siesjö B. K. Regulation of CSF pH – influence of the CSF/plasma potential. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1968; I(Suppl. 102), C
   Google Scholar
• Kuffler S. W., Nicholls J. G. The physiology of neuroglial cells. Ergebn. Physiol. 1966; 57: 1–90
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leusen I., Demeester G. Lactate and pyruvate in the brain of rats during hyperventilation. Arch. int. Physiol. Biochem. 1966; 74: 25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maren T. Carbonic anhydrase: chemistry, physiology, and inhibition. Pysiol. Rev. 1967; 47: 595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milne M. D., Scribner B. H., Crawford M. A. Non-ionic diffusion and the excretion of weak acids and bases. Amer. J. Med. 1958; 24: 709
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell P. Molecule, group and electron translocation through natural membranes. Biochem. Soc. Symp. 1962; 22: 142
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell P. Chemiosmotic coupling in oxidative and photosynthetic phosphorylation. Biol. Rev. 1966; 41: 445–470
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell R. A. The regulation of respiration in metabolic acidosis and alkalosis. Cerebrospinal Fluid and the Regulation of Ventilation, C. McC, Brooks, et al. Blackwell, Oxford 1965; 109
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell R. A., Carman C. T., Severinghaus J. W., Richardson B. W., Singer M. M., Shnider S. Stability of cerebrospinal fluid pH in chronic acid-base disturbances in blood. J. appl. Physiol. 1965; 20: 443
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitts R. F. Physiology of the kidney and body fluids. Year Book Med. Publ., Chicago 1966
   Google Scholar
• Plum F., Posner J. B. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid lactate during hyperventilation. Amer. J. Physiol. 1967; 212: 864
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pontén U., Siesjö B. K. Acid-base relations in arterial blood and cerebrospinal fluid of the unanesthetized rat. Acta physiol. scand. 1967; 71: 89
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Posner J. B., Swanson A. G., Plum F. Acid-base balance in cerebrospinal fluid. Arch. Neurol. 1965; 12: 479
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Relman A. S., Etstein B., Schwartz W. B. The regulation of renal bicarbonate reabsorption by plasma carbon dioxide tension. J. clin. Invest. 1953; 32: 472
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson R. N. Protons, electrons, phosphorylation and active transport. Monographs in Exper. Biol. No. 15. Cambr. Univ. Press. 1968
   Google Scholar
• Robin E. D., Whaley R. D., Crump C. H., Bickelman A. G., Travis D. M. Acid-base relations between spinal fluid and arterial blood with special reference to control of ventilation. J. appl. Physiol. 1958; 13: 385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Severinghaus J. W. Electrochemical gradients for hydrogen and bicarbonate ions across the blood-CSF barrier in response to acid-base balance changes. Cerebrospinal Fluid and the Regulation of Ventilation, C. McCbrooks, et al. Blackwell, Oxford 1965; 247
   Google Scholar
• Severinghaus J. W., Mitchell R. A., Richardson B. W., Singer M. M. Respiratory control at high altitude suggesting active transport regulation of CSF pH. J. appl. Physiol. 1963; 18: 1155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siesjö B. K., Granholm L., Kjällquist Å. Regulation of lactate and pyruvate levels in the CSF. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1968; I(Supp. 102), F
   Google Scholar
• Siesjö B. K., Kjällquist Å. Factors affecting H+ and HCO3- in the cerebrospinal fluid. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1968; I(Suppl. 102), A
   Google Scholar
• Siesjö B. K., Kjällquist Å, Zwetnow N. The lactate/pyruvate ratio in cerebral hypoxia. Life Sci. 1968; 7: 45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siesjö B. K., Pontén U. Factors affecting the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bicarbonate concentration. Experientia 1966; 22: 611
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tschirgi R. D., Taylor J. L. Slowly changing bioelectric potentials associated with the blood-brain barrier. Amer. J. Physiol. 1958; 195: 7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Vaerenbergh P. J. J., Demeester G., Leusen I. Lactate in cerebrospinal fluid during hyperventilation. Arch. int. Phys. Bioch. 1965; 73: 738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ussing H. H. Transport of ions across cellular membranes. Physiol. Rev. 1949; 29: 127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ussing H. H. Transport of electrolytes and water across epithelia. in The Harvey Lectures. series 59, Academic Press. 1965; 1
   Google Scholar