References
- Goldacre MJ, Roberts SE. Hospital admission for acute pancreatitis in an English population, 1963–98: database study of incidence and mortality. BMJ 2004;328:1466–9.
- DeFrances CJ, Lucas CA, Buie VC, Golosinskiy A. National hospital discharge survey. Natl Health Stat Report 2008;5:1–20.
- Lankisch PG, Karimi M, Bruns A, Maisonneuve P, Lowenfels AB. Temporal trends in incidence and severity of acute pancreatitis in Lüneburg County, Germany: a population-based study. Pancreatology 2009;9:420–6.
- Spanier BW, Dijkgraaf MG, Bruno MJ. Trends and forecasts of hospital admissions for acute and chronic pancreatitis in the Netherlands. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;20:653–8.
- Besselink MG, de Bruijn MT, Rutten JP, Boermeester MA, Hofker HS, Gooszen HG, Surgical intervention in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis. Br J Surg 2006;93:593–9.
- Raraty MG, Halloran CM, Dodd S, Ghaneh P, Connor S, Evans J, Minimal access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy: improvement in morbidity and mortality with a less invasive approach. Ann Surg 2010;251:787–93.
- Bradley EL 3rd. A clinically based classification system for acute pancreatitis. Summary of the International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, Ga, September 11 through 13, 1992. Arch Surg 1993;128:586–90.
- Villatoro E, Mulla M, Larvin M. Antibiotic therapy for prophylaxis against infection of pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;5:CD002941.
- Al-Omran M, Albalawi ZH, Tashkandi MF, Al-Ansary LA. Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;1:CD002837.
- Balthazar EJ, Robinson DL, Megibow AJ, Ranson JHC. Acute pancreatitis: value of CT in establishing prognosis. Radiology 1990;174:331–6.
- Norman J. The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Am J Surg 1998;175:76–83.
- Beger HG, Rau B, Mayer J, Pralle U. Natural course of acute pancreatitis. World J Surg 1997;21:130–5.
- Schmid SW, Uhl W, Friess H, Malfertheiner P, Buchler MW. The role of infection in acute pancreatitis. Gut 1999;45:311.
- Mier J, León EL, Castillo A, Robledo F, Blanco R. Early versus late necrosectomy in severe necrotizing pancreatitis. Am J Surg 1997;173:71–5.
- Besselink MG, Verwer TJ, Schoenmaeckers EJ, Buskens E, Ridwan BU, Visser MR, Timing of surgical intervention in necrotizing pancreatitis. Arch Surg 2007;142:1194–201.
- Rodriguez JR, Razo AO, Targarona J, Thayer SP, Rattner DW, Warshaw AL, Debridement and closed packing for sterile or infected necrotizing pancreatitis: insights into indications and outcomes in 167 patients. Ann Surg 2008;247:294–9.
- Navaneethan U, Vege SS, Chari ST, Baron TH. Minimally invasive techniques in pancreatic necrosis. Pancreas 2009;38:867–75.
- van Santvoort HC, Besselink MG, Bakker OJ, Hofker HS, Boermeester MA, Dejong CH, A step-up approach or open necrosectomy for necrotizing pancreatitis. N Engl J Med 2010;362:1491–502.
- Bakker OJ, van Santvoort HC, van Brunschot S, Geskus RB, Besselink MG, Bollen TL, Endoscopic transgastric vs surgical necrosectomy for infected necrotizing pancreatitis: a randomized trial. JAMA 2012;307:1053–61.
- Windsor AC, Kanwar S, Li AG, Barnes E, Guthrie JA, Spark JI, Compared with parenteral nutrition, enteral feeding attenuates the acute phase response and improves disease severity in acute pancreatitis. Gut 1998;42:431–5.
- Bassi C, Dervenis C, Butturini G, Fingerhut A, Yeo C, Izbicki J, Postoperative pancreatic fistula: an international study group (ISGPF) definition. Surgery 2005;138:8–13.