Reduced numbers of mucosal DR^int macrophages and increased numbers of CD103⁺ dendritic cells during anti-TNF-α treatment in patients with Crohn’s disease

References

• Abraham C, Cho JH. Inflammatory bowel disease. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:2066–2078.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgart DC, Sandborn WJ. Crohn's disease. Lancet. 2012;380:1590–1605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho JH. The genetics and immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8:458–466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coombes JL, Maloy KJ. Control of intestinal homeostasis by regulatory T cells and dendritic cells. Semin Immunol. 2007;19:116–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coombes JL, Powrie F. Dendritic cells in intestinal immune regulation. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8:435–446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinbach EC, Plevy SE. The role of macrophages and dendritic cells in the initiation of inflammation in IBD. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20:166–175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cader MZ, Kaser A. Recent advances in inflammatory bowel disease: mucosal immune cells in intestinal inflammation. Gut. 2013;62:1653–1664.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sartor RB. Mechanisms of disease: pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;3:390–407.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kamada N, Hisamatsu T, Okamoto S, et al. Unique CD14 intestinal macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of Crohn disease via IL-23/IFN-gamma axis. J Clin Invest. 2008;118:2269–2280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamada N, Hisamatsu T, Honda H, et al. TL1A produced by lamina propria macrophages induces Th1 and Th17 immune responses in cooperation with IL-23 in patients with Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2010;16:568–575.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uo M, Hisamatsu T, Miyoshi J, et al. Mucosal CXCR4 + IgG plasma cells contribute to the pathogenesis of human ulcerative colitis through FcgammaR-mediated CD14 macrophage activation. Gut 2013;62:1733–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogino T, Nishimura J, Barman S, et al. Increased Th17-inducing activity of CD14 + CD163 low myeloid cells in intestinal lamina propria of patients with Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology. 2013;145:1380–1391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiesen S, Janciauskiene S, Uronen-Hansson H, et al. CD14(hi)HLA-DR(dim) macrophages, with a resemblance to classical blood monocytes, dominate inflamed mucosa in Crohn's disease. J Leukoc Biol. 2014;95:531–541.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnusson MK, Brynjolfsson SF, Dige A, et al. Macrophage and dendritic cell subsets in IBD: ALDH cells are reduced in colon tissue of patients with ulcerative colitis regardless of inflammation. Mucosal Immunol. 2016;9:171–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgart DC, Thomas S, Przesdzing I, et al. Exaggerated inflammatory response of primary human myeloid dendritic cells to lipopolysaccharide in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Exp Immunol. 2009;157:423–436.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgart DC, Metzke D, Guckelberger O, et al. Aberrant plasmacytoid dendritic cell distribution and function in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2011;166:46–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart AL, Al-Hassi HO, Rigby RJ, et al. Characteristics of intestinal dendritic cells in inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology. 2005;129:50–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott CL, Aumeunier AM, Mowat AM. Intestinal CD103 + dendritic cells: master regulators of tolerance? Trends Immunol. 2011;32:412–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson-Lindbom B, Svensson M, Pabst O, et al. Functional specialization of gut CD103 + dendritic cells in the regulation of tissue-selective T cell homing. J Exp Med. 2005;202:1063–1073.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlitzer A, McGovern N, Teo P, et al. IRF4 transcription factor-dependent CD11b + dendritic cells in human and mouse control mucosal IL-17 cytokine responses. Immunity. 2013;38:970–983.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaensson E, Uronen-Hansson H, Pabst O, et al. Small intestinal CD103 + dendritic cells display unique functional properties that are conserved between mice and humans. J Exp Med. 2008;205:2139–2149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watchmaker PB, Lahl K, Lee M, et al. Comparative transcriptional and functional profiling defines conserved programs of intestinal DC differentiation in humans and mice. Nat Immunol. 2014;15:98–108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haniffa M, Shin A, Bigley V, et al. Human tissues contain CD141hi cross-presenting dendritic cells with functional homology to mouse CD103 + nonlymphoid dendritic cells. Immunity. 2012;37:60–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jongbloed SL, Kassianos AJ, McDonald KJ, et al. Human CD141 + (BDCA-3)+ dendritic cells (DCs) represent a unique myeloid DC subset that cross-presents necrotic cell antigens. J Exp Med. 2010;207:1247–1260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu CI, Becker C, Metang P, et al. Human CD141 + dendritic cells induce CD4 + T cells to produce type 2 cytokines. J Immunol. 2014;193:4335–4343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denmark VK, Mayer L. Current status of monoclonal antibody therapy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: an update. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2013;9:77–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen C, Assche GV, Colpaert S, et al. Adalimumab induces apoptosis of human monocytes: a comparative study with infliximab and etanercept. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;21:251–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lugering A, Schmidt M, Lugering N, et al. Infliximab induces apoptosis in monocytes from patients with chronic active Crohn's disease by using a caspase-dependent pathway. Gastroenterology. 2001;121:1145–1157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dige A, Stoy S, Thomsen KL, et al. Soluble CD163, a specific macrophage activation marker, is decreased by anti-TNF-α antibody treatment in active inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Immunol. 2014;80:417–423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van AG, Dignass A, Reinisch W, et al. The second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: special situations. J Crohns Colitis. 2010;4:63–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Best WR, Becktel JM, Singleton JW, et al. Development of a Crohn's disease activity index. National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study. Gastroenterology. 1976;70:439–444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Best WR. Predicting the Crohn's disease activity index from the Harvey–Bradshaw Index. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2006;12:304–310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daperno M, D'Haens G, Van AG, et al. Development and validation of a new, simplified endoscopic activity score for Crohn's disease: the SES-CD. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004;60:505–512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arijs I, De HG, Machiels K, et al. Mucosal gene expression of cell adhesion molecules, chemokines, and chemokine receptors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease before and after infliximab treatment. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106:748–761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnusson MK, Strid H, Isaksson S, et al. Response to infliximab therapy in ulcerative colitis is associated with decreased monocyte activation, reduced CCL2 expression and downregulation of Tenascin C. J Crohns Colitis. 2015;9:56–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnusson MK, Dahlen R, Strid H, et al. CD25 and TNF receptor II reflect early primary response to infliximab therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis. United European Gastroenterol J. 2013;1:467–476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossol M, Kraus S, Pierer M, et al. The CD14(bright) CD16 + monocyte subset is expanded in rheumatoid arthritis and promotes expansion of the Th17 cell population. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:671–677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong KL, Tai JJ, Wong WC, et al. Gene expression profiling reveals the defining features of the classical, intermediate, and nonclassical human monocyte subsets. Blood. 2011;118:e16–e31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grip O, Bredberg A, Lindgren S, et al. Increased subpopulations of CD16(+) and CD56(+) blood monocytes in patients with active Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007;13:566–572.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogler G, Hausmann M, Vogl D, et al. Isolation and phenotypic characterization of colonic macrophages. Clin Exp Immunol. 1998;112:205–215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smythies LE, Sellers M, Clements RH, et al. Human intestinal macrophages display profound inflammatory anergy despite avid phagocytic and bacteriocidal activity. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:66–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar