References
- Sonnenberg A. Causative factors in the etiology of peptic ulcer disease become effective before the age of 15 years. J Chron Dis 1987; 40: 193–202
- Langman MJ. Trends in ulcer frequency. Postgrad Med J 1988; 64: 37–39, suppl 1
- Sonnenberg A. Changes in physician visits for gastric and duodenal ulcer in the United States during 1958-1984 as shown by national disease and therapeutic index (NDTI). Dig Dis Sci 1987; 32: 1–7
- O'Brien P A, Cotter J, Whelton MJ. Duodenal ulcer incidence [Letter]. Lancet 1987; 2: 1278–1279
- Schache D J, Tovey F I, Masters A, Stebbing A, Rees M. Changing pattern of duodenal ulcer [Letter]. Lancet 1987; 2: 857
- Blower A L, Armstrong CP. Sudden deaths at home from peptic ulcerations–a hitherto unrecognized phenomenon. Gut 1986; 27: A1281
- Orlando RC. Peptic ulcer factors influencing recurrence. J Clin Gastroenterol 1987; 9: 2, suppl 1
- Chuong J JH, Fisher R L, Chuong R LB, Spiro HM. Duodenal ulcer; incidence, risk factors and predictive value of plasma pepsinogen. Dig Dis Sci 1986; 31: 1178–1184
- Walker P, Luther J, Samloff I M, Feldman M. Life events stress and psychosocial factors in men with peptic ulcer disease. Relationships with serum pepsinogen concentrations and behavioural risk factors. Gastroenterology 1988; 94: 323–330
- Peptic ulcer, M Grossman. Year book Medical Publishers Inc., Chicago 1981; 42–52
- Isenberg J I, Selling J A, Hogan D L, Thomas F J, Koss MA. Duodenal ulcer (DU) patients have impaired proximal duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion. Gastroenterology 1986; 90: 1472
- Kang J Y, Labrooy S J, Yap I, et al. Racial differences in peptic ulcer frequency in Singapore. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1987; 2: 239–244
- Levi L. Society, brain and gut–a psychosocial approach to dyspepsia. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 120–127, suppl 128
- Mason J B, Clark P M, Schlemmer L, Spitaels JM. Stressful life situations and perception of stress in black and indian duodenal ulcer patients. S Afr Med J 1986; 70: 24–26
- Nasiry R V, Macintosh J H, Byth Piper DW. Prognosis of chronic duodenal ulcer: a prospective study of the effects of demographic and environmental factors and ulcer healing. Gut 1987; 28: 533–540
- Segawa K, Nakazawa S, Tsukamoto Y, et al. Peptic ulcer is prevalent among shiftworkers. Dig Dis Sci 1987; 32: 449–453
- Hallerbäck G, Solhaug J H, Carling L, et al. Recurrent ulcer after treatment with cimetidine or sucralfate. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 22: 791–797
- Tarnawsky A. Cytoprotection: a future direction in prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal mucosal injury. Curr Concepts Gastroenterol 1984; 1: 18–22, suppl
- Hollander D, Tarnawsky A. Dietary essential fatty acids and the decline in peptic ulcer disease–a hypothesis. Gut 1986; 27: 239–242
- Jayaraj A P, Rees K R, Tovey F I, White JS. A molecular basis of peptic ulceration due to diet. Br J Exp Path 1986; 67: 149–155
- Sonnenberg A. Dietary salt and gastric ulcer. Gut 1986; 27: 1138–1142
- Rydning A, Berstad A, Aadland E, Odegard B. Prophylactic effect of dietary fibre in duodenal ulcer disease. Lancet 1982; 2: 736–739
- Kumar N, Kumar A, Broor S L, Vi J C, Anand BS. Effect of milk on patients with duodenal ulcers. Br Med J 1986; 293: 666
- Bynum T E, Solomon T E, Johnson L R, Jacobson ED. Inhibition of pancreatic secretion in man by cigarette smoking. Gut 1972; 13: 361–365
- Grimes D S, Goddard J. Effect of cigarette smoking on gastric emptying. Br Med J 1978; 2: 460–461
- Parente F, Lazzaroni M, Ornella S, Baroni S, Bian-chi Porro G. Cigarette smoking, gastric acid secretion, and serum pepsinogen I concentrations in duodenal ulcer patients. Gut 1985; 26: 1327–1332
- Whitfield P F, Hobsley M. Clomparison of maximal gastric secretion in smokers and non-smokers with and without duodenal ulcer. Gut 1987; 28: 557–560
- Walker V, Taylor WH. Cigarette smoking chronic peptic ulceration and pepsin I secretion. Gut 1979; 20: 971–976
- Korman M G, Hansky J, Eaves E R, Schmidt GT. Influence of cigarette smoking on healing and relapse in duodenal ulcer disease. Gastroenterology 1983; 86: 871–874
- Tatsuta M, Iishi H, Ockuda S. Effects of cigarette smoking on the location healing and recurrence of gastric ulcers. Hepatogastroenterol 1987; 34: 223–228
- Hull D H, Beale PJ. Cigarette smoking and duodenal ulcer. Gut 1985; 26: 1333–1337
- Ainley C C, Forgacs I C, Keeling P WN, Thompson R PH. Outpatient endoscopic survey of smoking and peptic ulcer. Gut 1986; 27: 648–651
- Sonnenberg A. Smoking and mortality from peptic ulcer in United Kingdom. Gut 1986; 27: 1369–1372
- Gilinisky NH. Peptical ulcer disease in the elderly. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988; 23: 191–200, suppl 146
- Roth SH. Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug gas-tropathy, we started it–can we stop it?. Arch Intern Med 1986; 146: 1075–1076
- Somerville K W, Hawkey CJ. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents and the gastrointestinal tract. Postgrad Med J 1986; 62: 23–28
- McCormack K, Brune K. Classical absorption theory and the development of gastric mucosal damage associated with the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Arch Toxicol 1987; 60: 261–269
- Garner A, Allen A, Rowe PH. Gastroduodenal mucosal defense mechanisms and the action of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 22: 29–34, suppl 127
- Eliakin R, Ophir M, Rachmilewitz D. Duodenal mucosal injury with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. J Clin Gastroenterol 1987; 9: 395–399
- Roth SH. New understandings of NSAID gastro-pathy. Scand J Rheumatol 1989; 24–29, suppl 78
- Griffin M R, Ray W A, Schaffer W. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug use and death from peptic ulcer in elderly persons. Ann Intern Med 1988; 109: 359–363
- Armstrong C P, Blower AL. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in life threatening complications of peptic ulceration. Gut 1987; 28: 527–532
- Armstrong C P, Whitelaw S. Death from undiagnosed peptic ulcer complications; a continuing challenge. Br J Surg 1988; 75: 1112–1114
- Guess H A, West R, Strand L M, et al. Fatal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage or perforation among users and nonusers of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Saskatchewan, Canada 1983. J Clin Epidemiol 1988; 41: 35–36
- Caron J L, Strom B L, Soper K A, West S L, Morse ML. The association of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs with upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Arch Intern Med 1987; 147: 85–88
- Clinch D, Banerjee A K, Levy D W, Ostick G, Faragher EB. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and peptic ulceration. JR Coll Physicians Lond 1987; 21: 183–187
- Kagevi I, Anker-Hansen O, Carling L, et al. Swedish multicenter study on prepyloric and gastric ulcer. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 22: 67–76, suppl 127
- Glise H, Carling L, Hallerback B, et al. Short term treatment of duodenal ulcer–a comparison of sucralfate and cimetidine. Scand J Gastroenterol 1986; 21: 313–320
- Peerrault J, Fleming C R, Dozois RR. Surreptitious use of salicylates: A cause of chronic recurrent gastroduodenal ulcers. Mayo Clin Proc 1988; 63: 337–342
- Cheng E H, Bermanski P, Silversmith M, Valenstein P, Kawanishi H. Prevalence of Campylobacter pylori in oesophagitis, gastritis and duodenal disease. Arch Intern Med 1989; 149: 1373–1375
- Unge P, Ekstrom P, Gnape H, Blomkvist C. Serology as screening-method for patients with suspected Helicobacter infection. Svenska Lakaresallskapet, Stockholm 1989
- Rokkas T, Pursey C, Uzoechina E, et al. Campylobacter pylori and non-ulcer dyspepsia. Am J Gastroenterol 1987; 82: 1149–1152
- Niemela S, Karttunen T, Lehtola J. Campylobacter like organisms in patients with gastric ulcer. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 22: 487–490
- Hui W M, Lam S K, Chau P Y, et al. Pathogenic role of Campylobacter pyloridis in gastric ulcer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1987; 2: 309–316
- Axon A TR. Campylobacter pylorids; What role in gastritis and peptic ulcer?. Br Med J 1986; 293: 772–773
- Von Wulffen H, Heesemann J, Butzow GH, Loning T, Laufs R. Detection of Campylobacter pylori in patients with antral gastritis and peptic ulcers by culture, complement fixation test and immunoblot. J Clin Microbiol 1986; 24: 716–720
- Graham D Y, Klein PD. Campylobacter pyloridis gastritis; The past, the present, and speculations about the future. Gastroenterology 1987; 82: 283–286
- Pajares P M, Blanco M, Moreno R, Jimenez M L, Lopez Brea M. H2-blocking drugs do not change the presence of C-pylori (CP) in peptic ulcer disease. Ital J Gastroenterol 1987; 19, suppl 58 S
- Coghlan J G, Humphries H, Dooley C, et al. Campylobacter pylori and recurrence of duodenal ulcers–A twelve month follow up. Lancet 1987; 2: 1109–1111
- Tytgat G N, Rauws E AJ, De Koster E. Campylobacter pylori. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988; 23: 68–81, suppl 155
- Marshall B J, Warren J R, Blincov E D, et al. Prospective double blind trial of duodenal ulcer relapse after eradication of Campylobacter pylori. Lancet 1988; 2: 1437–1442
- Unge P, Gad A, Gnape H, Olsson J. Does omeprazole improve antimicrobial therapy directed towards gastric Campylobacter pylori in patients with antral gastritis?–a pilot study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989; 24: 49–54
- Lane M R, Glee SP. Recurrence of duodenal ulcer after medical treatment. Lancet 1988; 1: 1147–1149
- Bank L, Wright J P, Lucke W, Marks IN. Peptic ulcer a follow up study. J Clin Gastroenterol 1986; 8: 381–384
- Glise H, Martinson J, Solhaug J H, Carling L, Unge P, Hallerback B. Two and four weeks treatment for duodenal ulcer–symptom relief and clinical remission comparing omeprazole and ranitidine. Scand J Gastroenterol 1990, in press
- Freston JW. H2-receptor antagonists and duodenal ulcer recurrence; analysis of efficacy and commentary on safety, costs, and patient selection. Gastroenterology 1987; 82: 1242–1249
- Bynum TE. Clinical interpretation of recurrence data. J Clin Gastroenterol 1987; 9: 31–33, suppl 1
- Hovendal C P, Andersen D, Amdrup E, Hanberg-Sørensen F, Høstrup H. Recurrence rates after 12 years suggest pyloric/prepyloric ulcer to be a separate entity [Abstract]. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 22: 13, suppl 135
- Bardhan K D, Thompson M. Silent peptic ulcer disease (PUD) the pattern of lesions and outcome on or off maintenance treatment (MT) [Abstract 987]. Gastroenterology 1989; A-2: 47
- KanedoOui S, Ito G, Honda N. Natural history of duodenal ulcer detected by the gastric mass surveys in men over 40 years of age. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989; 24: 165–1709