References
- Walker J, Doniach D, Roitt I, et al. Serologic tests in diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis. Lancet 1965; 1: 827–31
- Berg P, Doniach D, Roitt I. Mitochondrial antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis. I. Localization of the antigen to mitochondrial membranes. J Exp Med 1967; 126: 277–90
- Gershwin M, Coppel R, Mackay I. Primary biliary cirrhosis and mitochondrial autoantigens–insights from molecular biology. Hepatology 1988; 8: 147–51
- Klein R, Kloppel G, Garbe W, et al. Antimitochondrial antibody profiles determined at early stages of primary biliary cirrhosis differentiate between a benign and a progressive course of the disease. J Hepatol 1991; 12: 21–7
- Monteiro E, Freitas J, Baptista A, et al. Antimitochondrial antibody profiles and prognosis of primary biliary cirrhosis in a Portuguese population. Hepatology 1991; 14: 195A, [abstract]
- Berg P, Klein R. Clinical and prognostic relevance of different mitochondrial antibody profiles in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Molec Aspects Med 1985; 8: 235–47
- Adams D, Hubscher S, Shaw J, et al. Increased expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1 on bile ducts in primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatology 1991; 14: 426–31
- Combes B. Prednisolone for primary biliary cirrhosis–good news, bad news [editorial]. Hepatology 1989; 10: 511–3
- Crowe J, Christensen E, Smith M, et al. Azathioprine in primary biliary cirrhosis: a preliminary report of an international trial. Gastroenterology 1980; 78: 1005–10
- James O. D-penicillamine for primary biliary cirrhosis. Gut 1985; 26: 109–13
- Hoofnagle J, Davis G, Schafer D, et al. Randomized trial of chlorambucil for primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1986; 91: 1327–34
- Kaplan M, Ailing D, Zimmerman H, et al. A prospective trial of colchicine for primary biliary cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 1448–54
- Warnes T, Smith A, Lee F, et al. A controlled trial of colchicine in primary biliary cirrhosis. Trial design and preliminary report. J Hepatol 1987; 5: 1–7
- Bodenheimer H, Schafner F, Pezzullo J. Evaluation of colchicine therapy in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1988; 95: 124–9
- Warnes T. Colchicine in primary biliary cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1991; 5: 321–9
- Zifroni A, Schaffner F. Long-term follow-up of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis on colchicine therapy. Hepatology 1991; 14: 990–3
- Wiesner R, Ludwig J, Lindor K, et al. A controlled trial of cyclosporine in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 1419–24
- Poupon R, Balkau B, Eschwege E, et al. A multicenter, controlled trial of ursodiol for the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 1548–54
- Hadziyannis S, Hadziyannis E, Makris A. A randomized controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy in primary biliary cirrhosis [abstract]. Hepatology 1989; 10: 580
- Leuschner U, Fischer H, Kurtz W, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a controlled double-blind trial. Gastroenterology 1989; 97: 1268–74
- Combes B, Carithers R, McDonald M, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid therapy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 1991; 14: 91 A, abstract
- Stiehl A, Raedsch R, Rudolph G. Acute effects of ursodeoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid on the small intestinal absorption of bile acids. Gastroenterology 1990; 98: 424–8
- Hofman A. Bile acid hepatotoxicity and the rationale of UDCA therapy in chronic cholestatic liver disease: Some hypotheses. Strategies for the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases, G Paumgartner, A Stiehl, L Barbara, et al. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 1989; 13–33
- Abe K, Nakadate I, Shimotono H, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid modulates cytokine production in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: A770, [abstract]
- David R, Kurtz W, Strohm W, et al. Die wirkung von ursodesoxycholsaure bei chronischen leberkrankheiten. Z Gastroenterol 1985; 23: 420, [abstract]
- Perdigoto R, Wiesner R. Progression of primary biliary cirrhosis with ursodeoxycholic acid therapy. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: 1389–91
- Gershwin M, Mackay I. Primary biliary cirrhosis: paradigm or paradox for autoimmunity. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: 822–33
- Kaplan M. Methotrexate after five years in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: A829, [abstract]
- Bergasa N, Hoofnagle J, Axiotis C, et al. Oral methotrexate for primary biliary cirrhosis: preliminary report. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: A720, [abstract]
- Weber P, Scheurlen M, Wiedmann K. Methotrexate ameliorates disease in patients with early primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: A810, [abstract]
- Kaplan M, Knox T. Methotrexate for biliary cirrhosis [letter]. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: 1824
- Hoofnagle J, Bergasa N. Methotrexate therapy of primary biliary cirrhosis: promising but worrisome [editorial]. Gastroenterology 1991; 101: 1440–2
- Garden J, Ostrow J, Roenigk H. Pruritus in hepatic cholestasis. Pathogenesis and therapy. Arch Dermatol 1985; 121: 1415–20
- Ghent C. Pruritus of cholestasis is related to effects of bile salts on the liver not the skin. Am J Gastroentrol 1987; 82: 117–8
- Podesta A, Lopez P, Terg R, et al. Treatment of pruritus of primary biliary cirrhosis with rifampicin. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 216–20
- Bachs L, Pares A, Elena M., et al. Effectsoflong-termrifampicin administration in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: 2077–80
- Ghent C, Carruthers G. Treatment of pruritus in primary biliary cirrhosis with rifampin. Gastroenterology 1988; 94: 488–93
- Bachs L, Pares A, Elena M, et al. Comparison of rifampicin with phenobarbitone for treatment of pruritus in biliary cirrhosis. Lancet 1989; 1: 574–6
- Ohnhaus E, Gerber-Taras E, Park B. Enzyme inducing drug combinations and their effects on liver microsomal enzyme activity in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1983; 24: 247–50
- Bergasa N, Talbot T, Ailing D, et al. A controlled trial of naloxone infusions for the control of pruritus of chronic cholestasis. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: 544–9
- Maddrey W. Bone disease in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Progress in liver diseases, H Popper, F Schaffner. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia 1990; 537–54
- Crippin J, Jorgensen R, Dickson E, et al. Hepatic oste-odystrophy in primary biliary cirrhosis: the effects of estrogen administration. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: A796, [abstract]
- Floreani A, Chiaramonte M, Giannini S, et al. Longitudinal study on osteodystrophy in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and a pilot study on calcitonin treatment. J Hepatol 1991; 12: 217–23
- Palamarou-Vogiatzi C, Georgiou E, Proukakis C, et al. Osteocalcin levels before and after ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Hepatology 1990; 12: 841, [abstract]
- Crippin J, Jorgensen R, Dickson E, et al. The effect of ursodeoxycholic acid compared to placebo on lumbar spine bone density in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: A732, [abstract]
- Camisasca M, Grandinetti G, Crosignani A, et al. Calcitonin therapy for osteodystrophy associated to primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: A726, [abstract]
- Thannhauser S, Magendantz H. Different clinical groups of xanthomatous diseases: clinical physiological study of 22 cases. Ann Intern Med 1938; 11: 1662–45
- Crippin J, Lindor K, Jorgensen R, et al. Hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in primary biliary cirrhosis: what is the risk?. Hepatology 1992; 15: 858–62
- Tzakis A, Carcassonne C, Todo S, et al. Liver transplantation. Semin Liver Dis 1989; 9: 144–8
- Hay J, Dickson E, Wiesner R, et al. Long-term effects of orthotopic liver transplantation on the osteopenia of primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 1990; 12: 838, [abstract]
- Markus B, Dickson E, Grambsch P, et al. Efficacy of liver transplantation in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 1709–13
- Neuberger J, Portmann B, MacDougall B, et al. Recurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis after liver transplantation. N Engl J Med 1982; 306: 1–4
- Gouw A, Haagsma E, Manns M, et al. Recurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis after liver transplantation?. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: A814, [abstract]
- Demetris A, Markus B, Esquivel C, et al. Pathologic analysis of liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 1988; 8: 939–47
- Haagsma E, Manns M, Klein R, et al. Studies of anti-mitochondrial antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis before and after orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatology 1987; 7: 129–33
- Mackay I, Gershwin M. Primary biliary cirrhosis: current knowledge, perspectives, and future directions. Semin Liver Dis 1989; 9: 149–57