References
- Neubrand M, Sauerbruch T, Stellaard F, et al. In vitro cholesterol gallstone dissolution after fragmentation with shock waves. Digestion 1986; 34: 51–9
- Greiner L, Miinks C, Heil W, et al. Gallbladder stone fragments in feces after extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. Gastroenterology 1990; 98: 1620–4
- Schachler R, Sauerbruch T, Wosiewitz U, et al. Fragmentation of gallstones using extracorporeal shock waves:an in vitro study. Hepatology 1988; 8: 925–9
- Ell C, Kerzel W, Langer H, et al. Fragmentation of biliary calculi by means of extracorporeally generated piezoelectric shock waves. Dig Dis Sci 1989; 34: 1006–10
- Kattermann R, Jaworek D, Moller G. Multicentre study of a new enzymatic method of cholesterol determination. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1984; 22: 245–51
- Sachs L. Statistische Auswertungsmethoden.3rd ed. Springer- Verlag, Berlin 1972
- Sackmann M, Delius M, Sauerbruch T, et al. Shock-wave lithotripsy of gallbladder stones. The first 175 patients. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 393–7
- Barkun A N, Ponchon T. Extracorporeal biliary lithotripsy. Review of experimental studies and a clinical update. Ann Intern Med 1990; 112: 126–37
- Hickman M S, Schwesinger W H, Bova J D, et al. Computed tomographic analysis of gallstones. An in vitro study. Arch Surg 1986; 121: 289–91
- Baron R L, Rohrmann CA, Jr, Lee S P, et al. CT evaluation of gallstones in vitro: correlation with chemical analysis. AJR 1988; 151: 1123–8
- Baron R L, Shuman W P, Lee S P, et al. MR appearance of gallstones in vitro at 1.5 T: correlation with chemical composition. AJR 1989; 153: 497–502
- Barkun A N, Valette P J, Montet J C, et al. Physicochemical determinants of in vitro shock wave biliary lithotripsy. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: 222–7
- Schachler R, Bird N C, Sauerbruch T, et al. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of gall stones:an in vitro comparison between an electrohydraulic and a piezo-ceramic device. Gut 1991; 32: 312–5
- Newman R C, Bland K I, Gravenstein N, et al. Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL). I. In vitro results of blast path treatment of human gallstones. J Surg Res 1988; 44: 573–7
- Callans L S, Gadacz TR. Fragmentation of human gall-stones using ultrasound and electrohydraulic lithotripsy:experimental and clinical experience. Surgery 1990; 107: 121–7
- Schulte S J, Baron RL. Piezoelectric biliary lithotripsy:an in vitro study of factors affecting gallstone fragmentation. AJR 1990; 155: 1211–6
- Staritz M, Rambow A, Mildenberger P, et al. Electro-mag-netically generated extracorporeal shock waves for gallstone lithotripsy:in vitro experiments and clinical relevance. Eur J Clin Invest 1989; 19: 142–5
- Zeman R K, Marchand T, Davros W J, et al. Gallstone fragmentation during biliary lithotripsy:effect of stone composition and structure. AJR 1991; 156: 493–9
- Torres W E, Baumgartner B R, Jones M T, et al. Biliary lithotripsy:in vitro analysis of gallstone fragmentation for equivalent stone volumes. Radiology 1990; 177: 507–9
- Arends T W, Nemcek A A, Rege R V, et al. The effect of volume and number on fragmentation of gallstones by lithotripsy. J Surg Res 1990; 48: 279–83
- Coleman A J, Saunders JE. A survey of the acoustic output of commercial extracorporeal shock wave lithotripters. Ultrasound Med Biol 1989; 15: 213–27
- Vergunst H, Terpstra O T, Schroder F H, et al. In vivo assessment of shock-wave pressures. Implication for biliary lithotripsy. Gastroenterology 1990; 99: 1467–74