A Prospective Study of First Attacks of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Non-Relapsing Colitis: Microbiologic Findings

References

• Schumacher G, Sandstedt B, Kollberg B. A prospective study of first attacks of inflammatory bowel disease and infectious colitis. Clinical findings and early diagnosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1994; 29, In press
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards F C, Truelove S C. The course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis. Gut 1963; 4: 299–315
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendriksen C, Kreiner S, Binder V. Long term prognosis in ulcerative colitis–based on results from a regional patient group from the county of Copenhagen. Gut 1985; 26: 158–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinclair T S, Brunt P W, Mowat N AG. Nonspecific proctocolitis in northeastern Scotland: a community study. Gastroenterology 1983; 85: 1–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schumacher G, Sandstedt B, Möllby R, Kollberg B. Clinical and histologic features differentiating non-relapsing colitis from first attacks of inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1991; 26: 151–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Surawicz C M, Belie L. Rectal biopsy helps to distinguish acute self-limited colitis from idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 1984; 86: 104–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandal B K, Schofield P F, Morson B C. A clinicopathological study of acute colitis: the dilemma of transient colitis syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol 1982; 17: 865–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George W L, Nakata M M, Thompson J, White M L. Aeromonas-related diarrhea in adults. Arch Intern Med 1985; 145: 2207–11
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Loon F PL, Rahim Z, Chowdhury K A, Kay B A, Rahman S A. Case report of Plesiomonas shigelloides-associMed persistent dysentery and pseudomembranous colitis. J Clin Microbiol 1989; 27: 1913–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin M M. Escherichia coli that cause diarrhoea: enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enteroinvasive, enterohemorrhagic and enteroadherent. J Infect Dis 1987; 155: 377–89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakubowski A, Elwood R K, Enarson D A. Clinical features of abdominal tuberculosis. J Infect Dis 1988; 158: 687–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radhakrishnan S, Al Nakib B, Shaikh H, Menon N K. The value of colonoscopy in schistosomal, tuberculous, and amebic colitis: two-year experience. Dis Colon Rectum 1986; 29: 891–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh P K, Gorbach S L. Invasive enterocolitis caused by Edwardsiella tarda. Gastroenterology 1982; 82: 336–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt T, Pfeiffer A, Ehret W, Keiditsch E, Ruckdeschel G, Kaess H. Legionella infection of the colon presenting as an acute attack of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 1989; 97: 751–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart M H, Kruger R, Nielsen S, Kaufman S S. Acute self-limited colitis associated with Cryptosporidium in an immunocompetent patient. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1989; 8: 401–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coutts W E, Opazo L, Montenegro M. Digestive tract infection by the virus of lymphogranuloma inguinale. Am J Dig Dis 1940; 7: 287–93
   Google Scholar
• Miles R PM. Rectal lymphogranuloma venereum. Br J Surg 1957; 45: 180–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Surawicz C M, Myerson D. Self-limited cytomegalovirus colitis in immunocompetent individuals. Gastroenterology 1988; 94: 194–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janoff E N, Orenstein J M, Manischewitz J F, Smith P D. Adenovirus colitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: 976–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris D J. Is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rather than cytomegalovirus the cause of retinitis and colitis in HIV-infected patients?. Rev Infect Dis 1990; 12: 557–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schumacher G, Kollberg B, Ljungh Å. Inflammatory bowel disease presenting as travellers diarrhea. Lancet 1993; 341: 241–2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schumacher G, Kollberg B, Ljungh Å. Inflammatory bowel disease presenting as travellers' diarrhoea. Travel medicine, P A Mårdh. Almquist & Wicksell, Uppsala 1991, In press
   Google Scholar
• Benoni C, Nilsson Å. Smoking habits in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroentol 1984; 19: 824–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mee A S, Jewell D P. Factors inducing relapse in inflammatory bowel disease. Br Med J 1978; 2: 801–2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isgar B, Harman M, Whorwell P J. Factors preceding relapse of ulcerative colitis. Digestion 1983; 26: 236–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rampton D S, McNeil N I, Sarner M. Analgesic ingestion and other factors preceding relapse in ulcerative colitis. Gut 1983; 24: 187–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berk T, Gordon S J, Choi H Y, Cooper H S. Cytomegalovirus infection of the colon: a possible role in exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1985; 80: 355–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Graevenitz A, Bucher C. Evaluation of differential and selective media for isolation of Aeromonas and Plesiomonas spp. from human feces. J Clin Microbiol 1983; 17: 16–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manual of clinical microbiology, 5th ed., E H Lennette, A Balows, W J Hausler, Jr, H J Shadomy. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC 1985
   Google Scholar
• Ripa K T, Mårdh P A. Cultivation of Chlamydia trachomatis in cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells. J Clin Microbiol 1977; 6: 328–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aronsson B, Granström M, Möllby R, Nord C E. Enzyme immunoassay for detection of Clostridium difficile toxins in patients with antibiotic associated diarrhoea and colitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol 1985; 4: 102–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aronsson B, Granström M, Möllby R, Nord C E. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to Clostridium difficile toxins in patients with pseudomembraneous colitis and antibiotic associated diarrhoea. J Immunol Methods 1983; 60: 341–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Söderlind O, Möllby R. Studies on Escherichia coli in pigs. Zentralbl Veterinaermed [B] 1978; 25: 719–28
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bäck E, Möllby R, Kaijser B, Stintzing G, Wadström T, Habte D. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria of infantile diarrea: surface antigens, hemagglutinins, colonization factor antigen and loss of enterotoxigenicity. J Infect Dis 1980; 142: 318–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willshaw G A, Smith H R, Scotland S M, Rowe B. Cloning of genes determining the production of vero cytotoxin by Escherichia coli. J Gen Microbiol 1985; 131: 3047–53
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sereny B. Experimental keratoconjunctivitis shigellosa. Acta Microbiol Acad Sci Hung 1957; 4: 36–76
   Google Scholar
• Senerwa D., Olsvik O, Mutanda L N., Lindqvist K J, Gathuma J M., Fossum K. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O 111: HNT isolated from preterm neonates in Nairobi, Kenya. J Clin Microbiol 1989; 27: 1307–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baudry B, Savarino S J, Vial P., Kaper J B, Levine M M. A sensitive and specific DNA probe to identify enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, a recently discovered diarrheal pathogen. J Infect Dis 1990; 161: 1249–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher J N, Saunders J R., Batt R M, Embaye H, Getty B, Hart C A. Attaching effacement of the rabbit enterocyte brush border is encoded on a single 96.5-kilobase pair plasmid in an enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O111 strain. Infect Immun 1990; 58: 1316–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsvik O, Homes E, Wasteson Y, Lund A. Detection of virulence determinants in enteric Escherichia coli using nucleic acid probes and polymerase chain reaction. Molecular pathogenesis of gastrointestinal infections, T Wadstrom, P H Makela, A M Svennerholm, H Wolf-Watz. Plenum Press, New York 1989; 267–72
   Google Scholar
• Aronsson B, Möllby R, Nord C E. Antimicrobial agents and Clostridium difficile in acute enteric disease: Epidemiological data from Sweden, 1980-1982. J Infect Dis 1985; 151: 476–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Persson E, Eneroth P, Grillner L. Immunoglobulin contents in cervical secretions of women with chlamydial cervictis. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1990; 30: 109–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson K, Carlsson H E, Neringer R, Lindberg A A. Application and usefulness of enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of Salmonella typhimurium infections. Scand J Infect Dis 1980; 12: 41–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evaldson G, Blomberg I, Grillner L, Nord C E, Weitraub A. The role of immunoglobulins in amniotic fluid growth inhibition of Bacteroides fragilis, Herpes simplex, Coxsackie B5 and Cytomegalovirus. Med Microbiol Immunol 1983; 172: 155–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohovsky M W, Griesemer R A. Experimental feline infectious enteritis in the germ free cat. Pathol Vet 1967; 4: 391–410
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bengualid V, Hatcher V B, Diamond B, Blumberg E A, Lowy F D. Staphylococcus aureus infection of human endothelial cells potentiates Fc receptor expression. J Immunol 1990; 145: 4279–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolny P, Järnerot G, Möllby R. Occurrence of Clostridium difficile toxin in inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1983; 18: 61–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenfield C, Aguilar Ramirez J R, Pounder R E. Clostridium difficile and inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 1983; 24: 713–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartley M G, Hudson M J, Swarbrick E T, Hill M J, Gent A E., Hellier M D. The rectal mucosa-associated microflora in patients with ulcerative colitis. J Med Microbiol 1992; 36: 96–103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winsor D K, Ashkenazi S, Chiovetti R, Cleary T G. Adherence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains to a human colonic epithelial cell line T84. Infect Immun 1992; 60: 1613–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donnenberg R S, Donohue-Rolfe A, Keusch G T. Epithelial cell invasion: an overlooked property of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) associated with the EPEC adherence factor. J Infect Dis 1989; 160: 452–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Tassel R L, Lyerly D M, Wilkins T D. Purification and characterization of an enterotoxin from Bacteroides fragilis. Infect Immun 1992; 60: 1343–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar