Changes in Oesophageal pH Associated with Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux: Are Traditional Criteria Sensitive for Detection of Reflux?

References

• de Caestecker J S, Heading R C. Esophageal pH monitoring. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1990; 19: 645–69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett J R. pH measurement in the oesophagus. Bailliere Clin Gastroenterol 1987; 1: 747–67
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson L F, DeMeester T R. Development of the 24-hour intraesophageal pH monitoring composite scoring system. J Clin Gastroenterol 1986; 8(Suppl 1)52–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanciu C, Hoare R C, Bennett J R. Correlation between mano-metric and pH tests for gastro-oesophageal reflux. Gut 1977; 18: 536–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Branicki F J, Evans D F, Jones J A, Ogilvie A L, Atkinson M, Hardcastle J D. A frequency duration index for the evaluation of ambulatory recordings of gastrooesophageal reflux. Br J Surg 1984; 71: 425–430
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlesinger P K, Donahue P E, Schmid B, Layden T J. Limitations of 24-hour intraesophageal pH monitoring in the hospital setting. Gastroenterology 1985; 89: 797–804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fink S M, McCallum R W. The role of prolonged esophageal pH monitoring in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux. JAMA 1984; 252: 11M
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy D W, Yuan Y, Castell D O. Does the intraesophageal pH probe accurately detect acid reflux? Simultaneous recording with two pH probes in humans. Dig Dis Sci 1989; 34: 649–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rokkas T, Anggiansah A, Uzoechina E, Owen W J, Sladen G E. The role of shorter than 24-H pH monitoring periods in the diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Scand J Gastroenterol 1986; 21: 614–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaker R, Kahrilas P J, Dodds W J, Hogan W J. Oesophageal clearance of small amounts of equal or less than one millilitre of acid. Gut 1992; 33: 7–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dent J, Holloway R H, Toouli J, Dodds W J. Mechanisms of lower oesophageal sphincter incompetence in patients with symptomatic gastrooesophageal reflux. Gut 1988; 29: 1020–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breumelhof R, Nadorp J HSM, Akkermans L MA, Smout A JPM. Analysis of 24-hour esophageal pressure and pH data in unselected patients with noncardiac chest pain. Gastroenterology 1990; 99: 1257–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dent J. A new technique for the continuous sphincter pressure measurement. Gastroenterology 1976; 71: 263–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dent J, Dodds W J, Friedman R H, et al. Mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux in recumbent asymptomatic human subjects. J Clin Invest 1980; 65: 256–67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dodds W J, Kahrilas P J, Dent J, Hogan W J, Kern M K, Arndor-Fer R C. Analysis of spontaneous gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal acid clearance in patients with reflux esophagitis. J Gastrointest Mot 1990; 2: 79–89
   Google Scholar
• McNally E F, Kelly J E, Jr, Ingelfinger F J. Mechanism of belching: effects of gastric distension with air. Gastroenterology 1964; 64: 254–9
   Google Scholar
• Kahrilas P J, Dodds W J, Dent J, Wyman J B, Hogan W J, Arndorfer R C. Upper esophageal sphincter function during belching. Gastroenterology 1986; 91: 133–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyman J B, Dent J, Heddle R, Dodds W J, Toouli J, Downton J. Control of belching by the lower oesophageal sphincter. Gut 1990; 31: 639–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schindlbeck N E, Heinrich C, Konig A, Dendorfer A, Pace F, Muller-Lissner S A. Optimal thresholds, sensitivity, and specificity of long-term pH-metry for the detection of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology 1987; 93: 85–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masclee A AM, De Best A CAM, De Graaf R, Cluysenaer O JJ, Jansen J BMJ. Ambulatory 24-hour pH-metry in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Determination of criteria and relation to endoscopy. Scand J Gastroenterol 1990; 25: 225–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tytgat G NJ, Bennett J R, Dent J, Joelsson B. Oesophageal pH monitoring–normal and abnormal. Gastroenterol Int 1989; 2: 141–9
   Google Scholar
• Tuttle S G, Bettarello A, Grossman M I. Gastroesophageal regurgitation. JAMA 1961; 176: 298–500
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollander F. What is pH? An explanation of the various measures of acidity employed in gastroenterology. Gastroenterology 1945; 4: 497–508
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg H I, Dodds W J, Gee S, Montgomery C, Zboralske F F. Role of acid and pepsin in acute experimental esophagitis. Gastroenterology 1969; 56: 223–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fimmel C J, Etienne A, Cilluffo T, et al. Long-term ambulatory gastric pH monitoring: validation of a new method and effect of Hrantagonists. Gastroenterology 1985; 88: 1842–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matioli S, Pilotti V, Felice V, et al. Ambulatory 24-hr pH monitoring of esophagua, fundus, and antrum. A new technique for simultaneous study of gastroesophageal and duodenogastric reflux. Dig Dis Sci 1990; 35: 929–38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holloway R H, Orenstein S R. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in adults and children. Bailliere Clin Gastroenterol 1991; 5: 337–70
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Castell D O. Ambulatory monitoring in esophageal disease. Viewpoints Dig Dis 1989; 21: 1–4
   Google Scholar
• Emde C, Gardner A, Blum A L. Technical aspects of intraluminal pH-metry in man: current status and recommendations. Gut 1987; 28: 1177–88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joelsson B, Johnsson F. Heartburn–the acid test. Gut 1989; 30: 1523–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Caestecker J S, Blackwell J N, Pryde A N, Heading R C. Daytime gastro-oesophageal reflux is important in oesophagitis. Gut 1987; 28: 519–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breumelhof R, Smout A JPM. The symptom sensitivity index: a valuable additional parameter in 24-hour esophageal pH recording. Am J Gastroenterol 1991; 86: 160–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiener G J, Richter J E, Copper J B, Wu W C, Castell D O. The symptom index: a clinically important parameter of ambulatory 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. Am J Gastroenterol 1988; 83: 358–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar