Peptic Ulcer Haemorrhage in Tartu County, Estonia: Epidemiology and Mortality Risk Factors

References

• Kurata J. H., Corboy E. D. Current peptic ulcer time trends. J Clin Gastroenterol 1988; 10: 259–68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penston J. G., Crombie I. K., Waugh N. R., Wormsley K. G. Trends in morbidity and mortality from peptic ulcer disease: Tayside versus Scotland. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1993; 7: 429–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paimela H., Tuompo P. K., Peräkylä T., Saario I., Höckerstedt K., Kivilaakso E. Peptic ulcer surgery during the H2-receptor antagonist era: a population-based epidemiological study of ulcer surgery in Helsinki from 1972 to 1987. Br J Surg 1991; 78: 28–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloom B. S., Fendrick A. M., Ramsey S. D. Changes in peptic ulcer and gastritis/duodenitis in Great Britain 1970–1985. J Clin Gastroenterol 1990; 12: 100–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panos M. Z., Walt R. P. Current management of bleeding peptic ulcer. Drugs 1993; 46: 269–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cutler J. A., Mendeloff A. I. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Nature and magnitude of the problem in the U.S. Dig Dis Sci 1981; 26: 90–6, Suppl
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holvoet J., Terriere L., van Hee W., Verbist L., Fierens E., Hautekeete M. L. Relation of upper gastrointestinal bleeding to non-steroädal anti-inflammatory drugs and aspirin: a case-control study. Gut 1991; 32: 730–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savage R. L., Moller P. W., Ballantyne C. L., Wells J. E. Variation in the risk of peptic ulcer complications with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug therapy. Arthritis Rheum 1993; 36: 84–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glise H. Epidemiology in peptic ulcer disease. Current status and future aspects. Scand J Gastroenterol 1990; 25(Suppl 175)13–8
   Google Scholar
• Gostout C. J., Wang K. K., Ahlquist D. A., Clain J. E., Hughes R. W., Larson M. V., et al. Acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Experience of a specialized management team. J Clin Gastroenterol 1992; 14: 260–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanderson J. D., Taylor R. F H, Pugh S., Vicary F. R. Specialized gastrointestinal units for the management of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Postgrad Med J 1990; 66: 654–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holman R. A E, Davis M., Cough K. R., Gartell P., Britton D. C., Smith R. B. Value of a centralised approach in the management of haematemesis and melaena: experience in a district general hospital. Gut 1990; 31: 504–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longstreth G. F. Epidemiology of hospitalization for acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a population-based study. Am J Gastroenterol 1995; 90: 206–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilcox C. M., Shalek K. A., Cotsonis G. Striking prevalence of over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Arch Intern Med 1994; 154: 42–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohmann C., Thon K., Hcngels K.-J., Imhof M., DüSUK Study Group. Incidence and pattern of peptic ulcer bleeding in a defined geographical area. Scand J Gastroenterol 1992; 27: 571–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rockall T. A., Logan R. F A, Devlin H. B., Northfield T. C. Incidence of and mortality from acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in the United Kingdom. Br Med J 1995; 311: 222–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner I. B., Jones M., Piper D. W. Factors influencing mortality from bleeding peptic ulcers. Scand J Gastroenterol 1991; 26: 661–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labenz J., Borsch G. Role of Helicobacter pylori eradication in the prevention of peptic ulcer bleeding relapse. Digestion 1994; 55: 19–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seppälä K., Färkkilä M., Nuutinen H., Hakala K., Väänänen H., Rautelin H., et al. Triple therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection in peptic ulcer. A 12-month follow-up study of 93 patients. Scand J Gastroenterol 1992; 27: 973–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham D. Y., Hepps K. S., Ramirez F. C., Lew G. M., Saeed Z. A. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori reduces the rate of rebleeding in peptic ulcer disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993; 28: 939–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maaroos H.-I. Helicobacter pylori infection in Estonian population: is it a health problem?. Ann Med 1995; 27: 613–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vorobjova T., Kisand K., Haukanõmm A., Maaroos H.-I., Wadström T., Uibo R. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in a population from southern Estonia. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1994; 6: 529–33
   Google Scholar
• The EUROGAST Study Group. Epidemiology of, and risk factors for, Helicobacter pylori infection among 3194 asymptomatic subjects in 17 populations. Gut 1993; 34: 1672–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiivet R. A., Bergman U., Sjöqvist F. The use of drugs in Estonia compared to the Nordic countries. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1992; 42: 511–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lanas A., Sekar M. C., Hirschowitz B. I. Objective evidence of aspirin use in both ulcer and nonulcer upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 1992; 103: 862–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz J. The course of peptic ulcer disease. Med Clin North Am 1991; 75: 831–40
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clason A. E., Macleod D. A D, Elton R. A. Clinical factors in the prediction of further haemorrhage or mortality in acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Br J Surg 1986; 73: 985–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bender J. S., Bouwman D. L., Weaver D. W. Bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers: improved outcome from a unified surgical approach. Am Surg 1994; 60: 313–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Henriksson A. E., Svensson J.-O. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding with special reference to blood transfusion. Eur J Surg 1991; 157: 193–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar