18
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

High Proportion of Multi-drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia

, , &
Pages 591-595 | Received 03 Mar 1996, Accepted 23 Aug 1996, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Kochi A. The global tuberculosis situation and the new control strategy of the World Health Organization. Tuber Lung Dis 1991; 72: 1
  • Vestal A L. Procedures for the isolation and identification of Mycobacteria. DHEW Publication No. 75–8530. Centre for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 1975
  • Siddiqi S H. Bactec TB system. Product and Procedure Manual. BD Diagn Inst Sys, Towson, MD 1989
  • Dolin P J, Raviglione M C, Kochi A. Global tuberculosis incidence and mortality during 1990–2000. Bull WHO 1994; 72: 213–220
  • De Cock K M, Soro B, Coulibaly I M, Lucas S B. Tuberculosis and HIV infection in Sub-Saharan Africa. JAMA 1992; 268: 1581–1587
  • Bloch A B, Cauthen G M, Onorato I M, Dansbury K G, Kelly G D, Driver C R, Snider D E, Jr. Nationwide survey of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the United States. JAMA 1994; 271: 665–671
  • Yates M D, Grange J M. A bacteriological survey of tuberculosis due to the human tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in south-east England. Epidemiol Infect 1993; 110: 609–619
  • Mates L A. A 10 year survey on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Israel and their drug resistance. Isr J Med Sci 1994; 30: 805–810
  • Tahaoglu K, Kizkin Ö, Karagöz T, Tor M, Partal M, Sadoglu T. High initial and acquired drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis in Turkey. Tuber Lung Dis 1994; 75: 324–328
  • Jalleh R D, Kuppusamy I, Soshila R, Aziah A M, Faridza M Y. A study of primary drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis in west Malaysia 1984–1987. Med J Malaysia 1993; 48: 113–116
  • Gusset T, Rieder H L, Salfinger M. Incidence of resistance of tuberculosis bacteria in Switzerland. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 1993; 82: 1101–1104
  • Khan J, Islam N, Ajanee N, Jafri W. Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Karachi, Pakistan. Trop Doct 1993; 23: 13–14
  • Kim S J, Hong Y P. Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Korea. Tuber Lung Dis 1992; 73: 219–224
  • Elghoul M T, Joshi R M, Rizghalla T. Primary and acquired drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in westrn region of Libyan Arab Jamahiciya. Trop Geograph Med 1989; 41: 304–308
  • Dias F, Ghebre Michael S, Hoffner S E, Martins L, Norberg R, Kallenius G. Drug susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis of a sample of patients in Guinea Bissau. Tuber Lung Dis 1993; 74: 129–130
  • Hurley J C, Andrew J H. Bacteriology and drug susceptibility of tuberculosis at St. Vincent's Hospital. Melbourne 1962–1991, Tuber Lung Dis 1993; 74: 163–166
  • Grandes G, Lopez-de-Munain J, Diaz T, Rullan J V. Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Puerto Rico, 1987–1990. Am Rev Resp Dis; 1993; 148: 69
  • Long R, Manfreda J, Mendella L, Wolfe J, Parker S, Hershfield E. Antitubcrculous drug resistance in Manitoba from 1980 to 1989. Can Med Assoc J 1993; 148: 1489–1495
  • Cormican M G, Flynn G. Tuberculosis in the west of Ireland 1986–1990. IJMS 1992; 161: 70–72
  • Lavy A, Mates A. A 10 year survey on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Israel and their drug resistance. Isr J Med Sci 1994; 30: 805–810
  • Manalo F, Tan F, Sbarbaro J A, Iseman M D. Community based short course treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in developing nation. Am Rev Resp Dis 1990; 146: 1301–1305
  • Al-Kassimi F A, Abdulla A K, Ai Hajjaj M S, Ai Orainey O, Bamgboye E A, Chowdhury M NH. Nationwide community survey of tuberculosis epidemiology in Saudi Arabia. Tuber Lung Dis 1993; 74: 254–260
  • Ai Orainey I O. Resistance to standard antituberculous drugs in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 1986; 7: 363–368
  • Schiott C, Engbaek H C, Vergmann B, Al-Motez M, Kassim I. Incidence of drug resistance amongst isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis recovered in the Gizan area. Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 1985; 6: 375–378
  • Al Hajjaj M S, Pandya L, Marie A A, Madani A A, Al Sharif N, Al Majed S. Pulmonary tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study of 1566 patients. Ann Saudi Med 1991; 11: 443–447
  • Zaman R. Tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia: initial and secondary drug resistance among indigenous and non-indigenous populations. Tuberculosis 1991; 72: 51–55
  • Jarallah J S, Elias A K, Al Hajjaj M S, Bukhari M S, Al Sharef A HM, Al Shammari S A. High rate of rifampicin resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Taif region of Saudi Arabia. Tuber Lung Dis 1992; 73: 113–115
  • Al Orainey I O, Saeed E S, El Kassimi F A. Resistance to antituberculosis drugs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Tuber 1989; 70: 207–210
  • Shanks N J, Khalifa I, Al Kalai D. Tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 1983; 4: 151–156
  • Vareldzis B P, Grosset J, de Kantor G, Crofton J, Laszlo A, Felten M, Raviglione M C, Kochi A. Drug resistant tuberculosis: laboratory issues. Tuber Lung Dis 1994; 75: 1–7
  • Jacobs R F. Multiple drug resistant tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19: 1–10
  • Ellner J J, Hinman A R, Dooley S W, Fischl M A, Senkowitz K A, Goloberger M J, Shinnck T M, Iseman M D, Jacobs W R, Jr. Tuberculosis symposium: emerging problems and promise. J Infect Dis 1993; 168: 537–551
  • O'Brien R J. Drug resistant tuberculosis: etiology, management and prevention. Semin Resp Infect 1994; 9: 104–112
  • Mahmoudi A, Iseman M D. Pitfalls in the care of patients with tuberculosis. JAMA 1993; 270: 65–68
  • Al Kassimi F A. Review of tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 1994; 15: 192–195
  • Neville K, Bromberg A, Bromberg R, Bonk S, Hanna B A, Rom W N. The third epidemic multidrug resistant tuberculosis. Chest 1994; 105: 45–48
  • Ellis M E, Halim M A, Frayha H, Bernvil S, Sheth K, Al-Abdul Jabbar J O. HIV infection in Saudi Arabia: occurrence, pattern of disease and future implications. Saudi Med J 1993; 14: 325–333

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.