References
- Halder N, Cranston D, Turner E, MacKenzie I, Guillebaud J. How reliable is a vasectomy? Long-term follow-up of vasectomised men. Lancet 2000;356:43–4.
- Vasectomy – safe and simple. Population Reports, Series D, Male sterilization (No. 4); 1983: p 61–100.
- Sivardeen KA, Budhoo M. Post vasectomy analysis: call for a uniform evidence-based protocol. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2001;83:177–l9.
- Bradshaw HD, Rosario DJ, James MJ, Boucher NR. Review of current practice to establish success after vasectomy. Br J Surg 2001;88:290–3.
- Dahr NB, Bhatt A, Jones JS. Determining the success of vasectomy. BJU Int 2006;97:773–6.
- Bodiwala D, Jeyarajah S, Terry TR, Leyshon Griffiths TR. The first semen analysis after vasectomy: timing and definition of success. BJU Int 2007;99:727–8.
- Smith JC. Semen examination after vasectomy. Lancet 1971;ii:38.
- Smith JC, Cranston D, OBrien T, Guillebaud J, Hindmarsh J, Turner AG. Fatherhood without apparent spermatozoa after vasectomy. Lancet 1994;344:30.
- Smith AG, Crooks J, Singh NP, Scott R, Lloyd SN. Is the timing of post-vasectomy seminal analysis important? BJU Int 1998;81:458–60.
- Benger JR, Swami SK, Gingell JC. Persistent spermatozoa after vasectomy: a survey of British urologists. Br J Urol 1995;76:376–9.
- O'Brien TS, Cranston D, Ashwin E, Turner E, McKenzie IZ, Guillebaud J. Temporary reappearance of sperm 12 months after vasectomy clearance. Br J Urol 1995;76:371–2.
- Lemack GE, Goldstein M. Presence of sperm in the pre-vasectomy reversal semen analysis: incidence and implications. J Urol 1996;155:167–9.
- Khan MA, Cranston D. Recanalization of the vas following vasectomy. Br J Urol 1997;79:484.
- Maatman TJ, Aldrin L, Carothers GG. Patient noncompliance after vasectomy. Fertil Steril 1997;68:552–5.
- Belker AM, Sexter MS, Sweitzer SJ, Raff MJ. The high rate of non-compliance for post-vasectomy semen examination: medical and legal consideration. J Urol 1990;144:284–6.
- Chawla A, Boweles B, Zini A. Vasectomy follow-up: clinical significance of rare nonmotile sperm in postoperative semen analysis. Urology 2004;64:1212–5.
- Badrakumar C, Gogoi NK, Sundaram SK. Semen analysis after vasectomy: when and how many? BJU Int 2000;86: 479–81.
- Weiske WH. Vasectomy. Andrologia 2001;33:125–34.
- Christensen RE, Maples DC. Postvasectomy semen analysis: are men following up? J Am Board Fam Pract 2005;18:44–7.
- Philp T, Guillebaud, Budd D. Late failure of vasectomy after two documented analyses showing azoospermic semen. BMJ 1984;289:77–9.
- Cranston D, Ashwin P, Turner E, MacKenzie IZ, Guillebaud J. Temporary reappearance of sperm 12 and 24 months after vasectomy clearance. Br J Urol 1995;76: 371–2.
- Philp T, Guillebaud J, Budd D. Complications of vasectomy: review of 16,000 patients. Br J Urol 1984;56:745.
- Davies AH, Sharp RJ, Cranston D, Mitchell RG. The long-term outcome following “special clearance” after vasectomy. Br J Urol 1990;66:211–2.
- Edwards IS, Farlow JL. Non-motile sperms persisting after vasectomy: do they matter? BMJ 1979;1:87–8.
- De Knijff DW, Vrijhof HJ, Arends J, Janknegt RA. Persistence or reappearance of non-motile sperm after vasectomy: does it have clinical consequences? Fertil Steril 1997;67: 332–5.
- Gilberthorpe J. Consent to treatment. London: Medical Defence Union; 1996: p 14.