Risk factors and interventional strategies for BK polyomavirus infection after renal transplantation

References

• Hariharan S. BK virus nephritis after renal transplantation. Kidney Int 2006;69:655–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardner SD, Field AM, Coleman DV, Hulme B. New human papilloma virus (B.K.) isolated from the urine after renal transplantation. Lancet 1971;i:1253–7.
   Google Scholar
• Hirsch HH, Knowles W, Dickenmann M, Passweg J, Klimkait T, Mihatsch MJ, Prospective study of polyomavirus type BK replication and nephropathy in renal transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 2002;347:488–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bressolette-Bodin C, Coste-Burel M, Hourmant M, Sebille V, Andre-Garnier E, Imbert-Marcille BM. A prospective longitudinal study of BK virus infection in 104 renal renal transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2005;5:1926–33.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vera-Sempere FJ, Rubio L, Moreno-Baylach MJ, Garcia A, Prieto M, Camanas A, Polymerase chain reaction detection of BK virus and monitoring of BK nephropathy in renal transplant recipients at the University Hospital Santa Fe. Transplant Proc 2005;37:3770–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan DC, Agha I, Bohl DL, Schnitzler MA, Hardinger KL, Lockwood M, Incidence of BK with tacrolimus versus cyclosporine and impact of preemptive immunosuppression reduction. Am J Transplant 2005;5:582–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nickeleit V, Mihatsch MJ. Polyomavirus nephropathy in native kidneys and renal allografts: an update on an escalating threat. Transpl Int 2006;19:960–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos E, Drachenberg CB, Portocarrero M, Wali R, Klassen DK, Fink JC, BK virus nephropathy diagnosis and treatment: experience at the University of Maryland Renal Transplant Program. Clin Transpl 2002;143–53.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirsch HH, Brennan DC, Drachenberg CB, Ginevri F, Gordon J, Limaye AP, Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in renal transplantation: interdisciplinary analyses and recommendations. Transplantation 2005;79:1277–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manitpisitkul W, Wilson NS, Haririan A. Immunosuppressive agents as risk factors for BK virus nephropathy: an overview and update. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2010;9:959–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Transplant Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2009;9:S1–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almeras C, Vetromile F, Garrique V, Szwarc I, Foulogne V, Mourad G. Monthly screening for BK viremia is an effective strategy to prevent BK virus nephropathy in renal transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2011;13:101–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang G, Chen LZ, Qiu J, Wang CX, Fei JG, Deng SX, Prospective study of polyomavirus BK replication and nephropathy in renal transplant recipients in China: a single-center analysis of incidence, reduction in immunosuppression and clinical course. Clin Transplant 2010;24:599–609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almeras C, Foulongne V, Garrigue V, Szwarc I, Vetromile F, Segondy M, Does reduction in immunosuppression in viremic patients prevent BK virus nephropathy in de novo renal transplant recipients? A prospective study. Transplantation 2008;85:1099–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos E, Drachenberg CB, Papadimitriou JC, Hamze O, Fink JC, Klassen DK, Clinical course of polyoma virus nephropathy in 67 renal transplant patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002;13:2145–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trofe J, Gaber LW, Stratta RJ, Shokouh-Amiri MH, Vera SR, Alloway RR, Polyomavirus in kidney and kidney–pancreas transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2003;5:21–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim HC, Hwang EA, Han SY, Park SB, Park KK. Polyomavirus nephropathy after renal transplantation: a single centre experience. Nephrology (Carlton) 2005;10:198–203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randhawa P, Brennan DC. BK virus infection in transplant recipients: an overview and update. Am J Transplant 2006;6:2000–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barri YM, Ahmad I, Ketel BL, Barone GW, Walker PD, Bonsib SM, Polyoma viral infection in renal transplantation: the role of immunosuppressive therapy. Clin Transplant 2001;15:240–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crew RJ, Markowitz G, Radhakrishnan J. Therapeutic options in BK virus-associated interstitial nephritis. Kidney Int 2006;70:399–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maiza H, Fontaniere B, Dijoud F, Pouteil-Noble C. Graft dysfunction and polyomavirus infection in renal allograft recipients. Transplant Proc 2002;34:809.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Undre NA. Pharmacokinetics of Tacrolimus-based combination therapies. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18:i12–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mengel M, Marwedel M, Radermacher J, Eden G, Schwarz A, Haller H, Incidence of polyomavirus-nephropathy in renal allografts: influence of modern immunosuppressive drugs. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18:1190–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atencio IA, Shadan FF, Zhou XJ, Vaziri ND, Villareal LP. Adult mouse kidneys become permissive to acute polyomavirus infection and reactivate persistent infections in response to cellular damage and regeneration. J Virol 1993;67:1424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fishman JA. BK virus nephropathy–polyomavirus adding insult to injury. N Engl J Med 2002;247:527–30.
   Google Scholar
• Comoli P, Basso S, Azzi A, Moretta A, De Santis R, Del Galdo F, Polyomavirus BK-specific immunity after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2004;78:1229–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Comoli P, Binggeli S, Ginevri F, Hirsch HH. Polyoma-associated nephropathy: update on BK-virus-specific immunity. Transpl Infect Dis 2006;8:86–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Josephson MA, Williams JW, Chandraker A, Randhawa PS. Polyomavirus associated nephropathy: update on antiviral strategies. Transpl Infect Dis 2006;8:95–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trofe J, Hirsch HH, Ramos E. Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy: update of clinical management in kidney transplant patients. Transpl Infect Dis 2006;8:76–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardinger KL, Koch MJ, Bohl DJ, Storch GA, Brennan DC. BK-virus and the impact of pre-emptive immunosuppression reduction: 5-year results. Am J Transplant 2010;10:407–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss AS, Gralla J, Chan L, Klem P, Wiseman AC. Aggressive immunosuppression minimization reduces graft loss following diagnosis of BK virus-associated nephropathy: a comparison of two reduction strategies. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;3:1812–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu JK, Harris MT. Use of leflunomide in the treatment of polyomavirus BK-associated nephropathy. Ann Pharmacother 2008;42:1679–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar