11
Views
27
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

The Muscularis Mucosae of the Human Urinary Bladder

Implications for tumor staging on biopsies

, &
Pages 249-252 | Received 02 Jan 1991, Accepted 30 Jun 1991, Published online: 15 Feb 2010

REFERENCES

  • Copenhaver WM et al. Bailey's Textbook of histology. 17th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1978: 604.
  • Dixon JS, Gosling JA. Histology and fine structure of the muscularis mucosae of the human urinary bladder. J Anat 1983; 136: 265–271.
  • Ham AW, Cormack DH. Histology. 8th ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1978: 779.
  • Langman J. Medical embryology. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams and Williams, 1969: 273.
  • Leeson TS, Leeson CR. Histology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1980: 453.
  • Keep JC et al. Invasive carcinomas of the urinary bladder. Evaluation of tunica muscularis mucosae involvement. Am J Clin Pathol 1989; 91: 575–579.
  • Naish JS. Immunohistochemical staining methods. California: DAKO Corporation, 1989.
  • Raghaven D et al. Biology and management of bladder cancer: N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 1129–1138.
  • Ro JY, Ayala AG et al. Muscularis mucosae of urinary bladder. Importance for staging and treatment. Am J Surg Pathol 1987; 11: 668–673.
  • Williams PL, Warwick R. Gray's Anatomy. 36th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1980: 1407.
  • Yones M. et al. The usefulness of the level of the muscularis mucosae in staging of invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Cancer 1990; 66: 543–548.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.