Knockout and humanized mice as suitable tools to identify enzymes metabolizing the human carcinogen aristolochic acid

References

• Aoyama T, Gonzalez FJ, Gelboin HV. (1989). Human cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450 IA2: mutagen activation and substrate specificity. Mol Carcinog 2:192–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Alunni-Perre M, Quatrehomme G, et al. (2004). Aristolochic acid (AA)-DNA adduct as marker of AA exposure and risk factor for AA nephropathy-associated cancer. Int J Cancer 111:977–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Ferluga D, Stiborova M, et al. (2002a). Is aristolochic acid a risk factor for Balkan endemic nephropathy-associated urothelial cancer? Int J Cancer 101:500–2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR, et al. (2006). Bioactivation of 3-aminobenzanthrone, a human metabolite of the environmental pollutant 3-nitrobenzanthrone: evidence for DNA adduct formation mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes and peroxidases. Cancer Lett 234:220–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Levova K, Barta F, et al. (2011a). Role of P450 1A1 and P450 1A2 in bioactivation versus detoxication of the renal carcinogen aristolochic acid I: studies in Cyp1a1-/-, Cyp1a2-/-, and Cyp1a1/1a2-/- mice. Chem Res Toxicol 24:1710–19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Poirier MC, Sykes SE, et al. (2012). Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene of hepatic cytochrome P450 reductase null (HRN) and P450 reductase conditional null (RCN) mice: detection of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-DNA adducts by immunohistochemistry and 32P-postlabelling. Toxicol Lett 213:160–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Schmeiser HH, Pfeifer GP. (2001). Sequence-specific detection of aristolochic acid-DNA adducts in the human p53 gene by terminal transferase-dependent PCR. Carcinogenesis 22:133–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Stiborova M, Henderson CJ, et al. (2005). Environmental pollutant and potent mutagen 3-nitrobenzanthrone forms DNA adducts after reduction by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase and conjugation by acetyltransferases and sulfotransferases in human hepatic cytosols. Cancer Res 65:2644–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Stiborová M, Henderson CJ, et al. (2008). Metabolic activation of benzo[a]pyrene in vitro by hepatic cytochrome P450 contrasts with detoxification in vivo: experiments with hepatic cytochrome P450 reductase null mice. Carcinogenesis 29:656–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Stiborova M, Schmeiser HH. (2002b). Aristolochic acid as a probable human cancer hazard in herbal remedies: a review. Mutagenesis 17:265–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Stiborová M, vom Brocke J, et al. (2007). Aristolochic acid mutagenesis: molecular clues to the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy-associated urothelial cancer. Carcinogenesis 28:2253–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlt VM, Zuo J, Trenz K, et al. (2011b). Gene expression changes induced by the human carcinogen aristolochic acid I in renal and hepatic tissue of mice. Int J Cancer 128:21–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asher G, Dym O, Tsvetkov P, et al. (2006). The crystal structure of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 in complex with its potent inhibitor dicoumarol. Biochemistry 45:6372–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atanasova SY, von Ahsen N, Toncheva DI, et al. (2005). Genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 among patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN). Clin Biochem 38:223–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan W, Cu L, Xu G, Cai Z. (2006). Study of the phase I and phase II metabolism of nephrotoxin aristolochic acid by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 20:1755–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan W, Luo H-B, Zheng Y, et al. (2007). Investigation of the metabolism and reductive activation of carcinogenic aristolochic acid in rats. Drug Metab Dispos 35:866–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen B, Bai Y, Sun M, et al. (2012a). Glutathione S-transferases T1 null genotype is associated with susceptibility to aristolochic acid nephropathy. Int Urol Nephrol 44:301–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen CH, Dickman KG, Moriya M, et al. (2012b). Aristolochic acid-associated urothelial cancer in Taiwan. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:8241–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen M, Gong L, Qi X, et al. (2011). Inhibition of renal NQO1 activity by dicoumarol suppresses nitroreduction of aristolochic acid I and attenuates its nephrotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 122:288–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen S, Wu K, Zhang D, et al. (1999). Molecular characterization of binding of substrates and inhibitors to DT-diaphorase: combined approach involving site-directed mutagenesis, inhibitor-binding analysis, and computer modeling. Mol Pharmacol 56:272–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cosyns JP. (2003). Aristolochic acid and “Chinese herbs nephropathy”: a review of the evidence to date. Drug Safety 26:33–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton TP, Dieter MZ, Matlib RS, et al. (2000). Targeted knockout of Cyp1a1 gene does not alter hepatic constitutive expression of other genes in the mouse [Ah] battery. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 267:184–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong H, Suzuki N, Torres MC, et al. (2006). Quantitative determination of aristolochic acid-derived DNA adducts in rats using 32P-postlabeling/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. Drug Metab Dispos 34:1122–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dragin N, Uno S, Wang B, et al. (2007). Generation of ‘humanized' hCYP1A1_1A2_Cyp1a1/1a2(-/-) mouse line. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 359:635–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eling TE, Curtis JF. (1992). Xenobiotic metabolism by prostaglandin H synthase. Pharm Ther 53:261–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eling TE, Thompson DC, Foureman GL, et al. (1990). Prostaglandin H synthase and xenobiotic oxidation. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 30:1–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elovaara E, Mikkola J, Stockmann-Juvala H, et al. (2007). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolizing enzyme activities in human lung, and their inducibility by exposure to naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, and benzo(a)pyrene as shown in the rat lung and liver. Arch Toxicol 81:169–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldmeyer N, Schmeiser HH, Muehlbauer KR, et al. (2006). Further studies with a cell immortalization assay to investigate the mutation signature of aristolochic acid in human p53 sequences. Mutat Res 608:163–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gökmen MR, Cosyns JP, Arlt VM, et al. (2013). The epidemiology, diagnosis and management of aristolochic acid nephropathy: a narrative review. Ann Intern Med 158:469–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grollman AP, Shibutani S, Moriya M, et al. (2007). Aristolochic acid and the etiology of endemic (Balkan) nephropathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:12129--34
   Google Scholar
• Grollman AP. (2013). Aristolochic acid nephropathy: Harbinger of a global iatrogenic disease. Environ Mol Mutagen 54:1–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinrich M, Chan J, Wanke S, et al. (2009). Local uses of Aristolochia species and content of nephrotoxic aristolochic acid 1 and 2 – a global assessment based on bibliographic sources. J Ethnopharmacol 125:108–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson CJ, Otto DM, Carrie D, et al. (2003). Inactivation of the hepatic cytochrome P450 system by conditional deletion of hepatic cytochrome P450 reductase. J Biol Chem 278:13480–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoang ML, Chen CH, Sidorenko VS, et al. (2013). Mutational signature of aristolochic acid exposure as revealed by whole-exome sequencing. Sci Transl Med 5:197ra102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hockley SL, Arlt VM, Brewer D, et al. (2007). AHR- and DNA-damage-mediated gene expression responses induced by benzo(a)pyrene in human cell lines. Chem Res Toxicol 20:1797–810
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosoda S, Nakamura W, Hayashi K. (1974). Properties and reaction mechanism of DT diaphorase from rat liver. J Biol Chem 249:6416–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hranjec T, Kovac A, Kos J, et al. (2005). Endemic nephropathy: the case for chronic poisoning by aristolochia. Croat Med J 46:116–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). (2002). Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum 82:1–556
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ikeya K, Jaiswal AK, Owens RA, et al. (1989). Human CYP1A2: sequence, gene structure, comparison with the mouse and rat orthologous gene, and differences in liver 1A2 mRNA expression. Mol Endocrinol 3:1399–408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivic M. (1969). Etiology of endemic nephropathy. Lijec Vjesn 91:1273–81
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jelakovic B, Karanovic S, Vukovic-Lela I, et al. (2012). Aristolactam-DNA adducts are a biomarker of environmental exposure to aristolochic acid. Kidney Int 81:559–67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jerabek P, Martinek V, Stiborova M. (2012). Theoretical investigation of differences in nitroreduction of aristolochic acid I by cytochromes P450 1A1, 1A2 and 1B1. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 33:25–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang Z, Bao Q, Sun L, et al. (2013). Possible role of mtDNA depletion and respiratory chain defects in aristolochic acid I-induced acute nephrotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 266:198–203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karanović S, Lela IV, Jelaković B, et al. (2013). Variation in presentation and presence of DNA adducts and p53 mutations in patients with endemic nephropathy – an environmental form of the aristolochic acid nephropathy. Kidney Blood Press Res 37:1–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krumbiegel G, Hallensleben J, Mennicke WH, Rittmann N. (1987). Studies on the metabolism of aristolochic acids I and II. Xenobiotica 17:981–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kucab JE, Phillips DH, Arlt VM. (2010). Linking environmental carcinogen exposure to TP53 mutations in human tumours using the human TP53 knock-in (Hupki) mouse model. FEBS J 277:2567–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemy A, Wissing KM, Rorive S, et al. (2008). Late onset of bladder urothelial carcinoma after kidney transplantation for end-stage aristolochic acid nephropathy: a case series with 15-year follow-up. Am J Kidney Dis 51:471–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levová K, Moserová M, Kotrbová V, et al. (2011). Role of cytochromes P450 1A1/2 in detoxication and activation of carcinogenic aristolochic acid I: studies with the hepatic NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase null (HRN) mouse model. Toxicol Sci 121:43–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levová K, Moserova M, Nebert DW, et al. (2012). NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase expression in Cyp1a-knockout and CYP1A-humanized mouse lines and its effect on bioactivation of the carcinogen aristolochic acid I. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 265:360–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Zhang L, Jiang Z, et al. (2010). Toxicities of aristolochic acid I and aristololactam I in cultured renal epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 24:1092–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang HC, Li H, McKinnon RA, et al. (1996). Cyp1a2(-/-) null mutant mice develop normally but show deficient drug metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:1671–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Z, Hergenhahn M, Schmeiser HH, et al. (2004). Human tumor p53 mutations are selected for in mouse embryonic fibroblasts harboring a humanized p53 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:2963–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lord GM, Cook T, Arlt VM, et al. (2001). Urothelial malignant disease and Chinese herbal nephropathy. Lancet 358:1515–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lord GM, Hollstein M, Arlt VM, et al. (2004). DNA adducts and p53 mutations in a patient with aristolochic acid-associated nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis 43:e11–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maier P, Schawalder H, Weibel B. (1987). Low oxygen tension as found in tissues in vivo, alters the mutagenic activity of aristolochic acid I and II. Environ Mol Mutagen 10:275–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinek V, Kubickova B, Arlt VM, et al. (2011). Comparison of activation of aristolochic acid I and II with NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase, sulphotransferases and N-acetyltranferases. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 32:57–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez MC, Nortier J, Vereerstaeten P, Vanherweghem JL. (2002). Progression rate of Chinese herb nephropathy: impact of Aristolochia fangchi ingested dose. Nephrol Dial Transplant 17:408–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michl J, Jennings HM, Kite GC, et al. (2013). Is aristolochic acid nephropathy a widespread problem in developing countries? A case study of Aristolochia indica L. in Bangladesh using an ethnobotanical--phytochemical approach. J Ethnopharmacol 149:235–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mix DB, Guinaudeau H, Shamma M. (1982). The aristolochic acids and aristolactams. J Nat Products 45:657–66
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moriya M, Slade N, Brdar B, et al. (2011). TP53 Mutational signature for aristolochic acid: an environmental carcinogen. Int J Cancer 129:1532–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nedelko T, Arlt VM, Phillips DH, Hollstein M. (2009). TP53 mutation signature supports involvement of aristolochic acid in the aetiology of endemic nephropathy-associated tumours. Int J Cancer 124:987–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nitzsche D, Melzig MF, Arlt VM. (2013). Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of aristolochic acid I -- a component of Aristolochiaceae plant extracts used in homeopathy. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 35:325–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nortier JL, Martinez MC, Schmeiser HH, et al. (2000). Urothelial carcinoma associated with the use of a Chinese herb (Aristolochia fangchi). N Engl J Med 34:1686–92
   Google Scholar
• Nortier JL, Schmeiser HH, Martinez MCM, et al. (2003). Invasive urothelial carcinoma after exposure to Chinese herbal medicine containing aristolochic acid may occur without severe renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18:426–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olivier M, Hollstein M, Schmeiser HH, et al. (2012). Upper urinary tract urothelial cancers: where it is A:T. Nat Rev Cancer 12:503–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pass GJ, Carrie D, Boylan M, et al. (2005). Role of hepatic cytochrome P450s in the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of cyclophosphamide: studies with the hepatic cytochrome P450 reductase null mouse. Cancer Res 65:4211–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poon SL, Pang ST, McPherson JR, et al. (2013). Genome-wide mutational signatures of aristolochic acid and its application as a screening tool. Sci Transl Med 5:197ra101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priestap HA, Torres MC, Rieger RA, et al. (2012). Aristolochic acid I metabolism in the isolated perfused rat kidney. Chem Res Toxicol 25:130–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi X, Cai Y, Gong L, et al. (2007). Role of mitochondrial permeability transition in human renal tubuar epithelial cell death induced by aristolochic acid. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 222:105–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radjendirane V, Joseph P, Lee YH, et al. (1998). Disruption of the DT diaphorase (NQO1) gene in mice leads to increased menadione toxicity. J Biol Chem 273:7382–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenquist T, Medverec Z, Jakovina K, et al. (2007). Aristolochic acid and the etiology of endemic (Balkan) nephropathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:12129–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato N, Takahashi D, Chen SM, et al. (2004). Acute nephrotoxicity of aristolochic acids in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 56:221–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmeiser HH, Bieler CA, Wiessler M, et al. (1996). Detection of DNA adducts formed by aristolochic acid in renal tissue from patients with Chinese herbs nephropathy. Cancer Res 56:2025–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmeiser HH, Frei E, Wiessler M, Stiborova M. (1997). Comparison of DNA adduct formation by aristolochic acids in various in vitro activation systems by 32P-post-labelling: evidence for reductive activation by peroxidases. Carcinogenesis 18:1055–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmeiser HH, Kucab JE, Arlt VM, et al. (2012). Evidence of exposure to aristolochic acid in patients with urothelial cancer from a Balkan endemic nephropathy region of Romania. Environ Mol Mutagen 53:636–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmeiser HH, Pool BL, Wiessler M. (1986). Identification and mutagenicity of metabolites of aristolochic acid formed by rat liver. Carcinogenesis 7:59–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmeiser HH, Stiborová M, Arlt VM. (2009). Chemical and molecular basis of the carcinogenicity of Aristolochia plants. Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel 12:141–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shi Z, Chen Y, Dong H, et al. (2008). Generation of a ‘humanized' hCYP1A1_1A2_Cyp1a1/1a2(−/−)_Ahrd mouse line harboring the poor-affinity aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Biochem Biophys Res.Commun 376:775–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shibutani S, Bonala RR, Rosenquist T, et al. (2010). Detoxification of aristolochic acid I by O-demethylation: less nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity of aristolochic acid Ia in rodents. Int J Cancer 127:1021–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shibutani S, Dong H, Suzuki N, et al. (2007). Selective toxicity of aristolochic acids I and II. Drug Metab Dispos 35:1217–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šístková J, Hudeček J, Hodek P, et al. (2008). Human cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2 participate in detoxication of carcinogenic aristolochic acid. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 29:733–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slade N, Moll UM, Brdar B, et al. (2009). p53 mutations as fingerprints for aristolochic acid: an environmental carcinogen in endemic (Balkan) nephropathy. Mutat Res 663:1–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Arlt VM, Henderson CJ, et al. (2008c). Role of hepatic cytochromes P450 in bioactivation of the anticancer drug ellipticine: studies with the hepatic NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase null mouse. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 226:318–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Arlt VM, Schmeiser HH. (2008a). Metabolic activation of carcinogenic aristolochic acid, a risk factor for Balkan endemic nephropathy. Mutat Res 658:55–67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Arlt VM, Schmeiser HH. (2009). The role of biotransformation enzymes in the development of renal injury and urothelial cancer caused by aristolochic acid: urgent questions and difficult answers. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 153:5–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Breuer A, et al. (1999). Aristolactam I a metabolite of aristolochic acid I upon activation forms an adduct found in DNA of patients with Chinese herbs nephropathy. Exp Toxic Pathol 51:421–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Breuer A, et al. (2001a). Evidence for reductive activation of carcinogenic aristolochic acids by prostaglandin H synthase -- 32P-postlabeling analysis of DNA adduct formation. Mutat Res 493:149–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Hodek P, et al. (2005a). Human hepatic and renal microsomes, cytochromes P450 1A1/2, NADPH: cytochrome P450 reductase and prostaglandin H synthase mediate the formation of aristolochic acid-DNA adducts found in patients with urothelial cancer. Int J Cancer 113:189–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Schmeiser HH. (2008b). Biotransformation enzymes in development of renal injury and urothelial cancer cause by aristolochic acid. Kidney Int 73:1209–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Schmeiser HH, Wiessler M. (1995). Cytochrome P-450 and peroxidase oxidize detoxication products of carcinogeneic aristolochic acids (aristolactams) to reactive metabolites binding to DNA in vitro. Collect Czech Chem Commun 60:2189–99
   Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Sopko B, et al. (2002a). Carcinogenic aristolochic acids upon activation by DT-diaphorase form adducts found in DNA of patients with Chinese herbs nephropathy. Carcinogenesis 23:617–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Sopko B, et al. (2003). Human cytosolic enzymes involved in the metabolic activation of carcinogenic aristolochic acid: evidence for reductive activation by human NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase. Carcinogenesis 24:1695–703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Frei E, Wiessler M, Schmeiser HH. (2001b). Human enzymes involved in the metabolic activation of carcinogenic aristolochic acids: evidence for reductive activation by cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1A2. Chem Res Toxicol 14:1128–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Levová K, Bárta F, et al. (2012). Bioactivation versus detoxication of the urothelial carcinogen aristolochic acid I by human cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1A2. Toxicol Sci 125:345–58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Mares J, Frei E, et al. (2011a). The human carcinogen aristolochic acid I is activated to form DNA adducts by human NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase without the contribution of acetyltransferases or sulfotransferases. Environ Mol Mutagen 52:448–59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Mares J, Levova K, et al. (2011b). Role of cytochromes P450 in metabolism of carcinogenic aristolochic acid I: evidence of their contribution to aristolochic acid I detoxication and activation in rat liver. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 32(Suppl. 1):121–30
   Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Martínek V, Frei E, et al. (2013). Enzymes metabolizing aristolochic acid and their contribution to the development of Aristolochic acid nephropathy and urothelial cancer. Curr Drug Metab 14:695–705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Martínek V, Rýdlová H, et al. (2002b). Sudan I is a potential carcinogen for humans: evidence for its metabolic activation and detoxication by human recombinant cytochrome P450 1A1 and liver microsomes. Cancer Res 62:5678–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborová M, Sopko B, Hodek P, et al. (2005b). The binding of aristolochic acid I to the active site of human cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2 explains their potential to reductively activate this human carcinogen. Cancer Lett 229:193–204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toncheva D. (2006). Genetic studies in BEN and associated urothelial cancers. Coll Antropol 30(Suppl. 1):34
   Google Scholar
• Toncheva DI, von Ahsen N, Atanasova SY, et al. (2004). Identification of NQO1 and GSTs genotype frequencies in Bulgarian patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy. J Nephrol 17:384–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turesky RJ. (2005). Interspecies metabolism of heterocyclic aromatic amines and the uncertainties in extrapolation of animal toxicity data for human risk assessment. Mol Nutr Food Res 49:101–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanherweghem JL, Depierreux M, Tielemans C, et al. (1993). Rapidly progressive interstitial renal fibrosis in young women: association with slimming regimen including Chinese herbs. Lancet 341:387–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Večeřa R, Zachařová A, Orolin J, et al. (2011). Fenofibrate-induced decrease of expression of CYP2C11 and CYP2C6 in rat. Biopharm Drug Dispos 32:482–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vondráček J, Krcmár P, Procházková J, et al. (2009). The role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in regulation of enzymes involved in metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a model of rat liver progenitor cells. Chem-Biol Interact 180:226–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu F, Wang T. (2013). Risk assessment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma related to aristolochic acid. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 22:812–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao Y, Ge M, Xue X, et al. (2008). Detoxication role of hepatic cytochrome P450s in the kidney toxicity induced by aristolochic acid. Kidney Int 73:1231–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yun BH, Rosenquist TA, Sidorenko V, et al. (2012). Biomonitoring of aristolactam-DNA adducts in human tissues using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry. Chem Res Toxicol 25:1119–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zachařová A, Siller M, Spičáková A, et al. (2012). Rosuvastatin suppresses the liver microsomal CYP2C11 and CYP2C6 expression in male Wistar rats. Xenobiotica 42:731–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar