Publication Cover
Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 25, 1995 - Issue 9
9
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Metabolites of 2-chlorosyringaldehyde in fish bile: indicator of exposure to bleached hardwood effluent

, , &
Pages 963-971 | Received 18 Jan 1995, Published online: 22 Sep 2008

References

  • Brumley C. M., Haritos V. S., Ahokas J. T., Holdway D. A. Validation of biomarkers of marine pollution exposure using Aroclor 1254. Aquatic Toxicology 1995; 31: 249–262
  • Commonwealth of Australia. Pulp and Paper Industry Package. Departments of Industry, Technology and Commerce; Arts, Sport, the Environment, Tourism and Territories. 1989; 70
  • Crossland C. J., Abel K. M. New pulp mills in Australia. A perspective. Marine Pollution Bulletin 1993; 25: 181–185
  • Glickman A. H., Stratham C. N., Wu A., Lech J. J. Studies of the uptake, metabolism, and disposition of pentachlorophenol and pentachloroanisole in rainbow trout. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1977; 41: 649–658
  • Hyötyläinen J., Knuutinen J. Chemical degradation products of lignin and humic substances. 1. Synthesis, structure verification and gas chromatographic separation of chlorinated vanillins and syringaldehydes. Chemosphere 1993; 26: 1843–1858
  • Kachi S., Yonese N., Yoneda Y. Identifying toxicity from bleached hardwood mills. Pulp and Paper Canada 1980; 81: 105–111
  • Krahn M., Ylitalo G., Buzitis J. Comparison of HPLC fluorescence screening and GC/MS analysis for aromatic compounds in sediments sampled after the Exxon-Valdez oil spill. Environmental Science and Technology 1993; 27: 699–708
  • Kringstad K. P., Lindström K. Spent liquors from pulp bleaching. Environmental Science and Technology 1984; 18: 236–248
  • Layiwola P. J., Linnecar D. F. The biotransformation of (14C)phenol in some freshwater fish. Xenobiotica 1981; 11: 167–171
  • Lee H. -B., Hong-You R. L., Fowlie P. J. A. Chemical derivatization analysis of phenols. Part VI. Determination of the chlorinated phenolics in pulp and paper effluents. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 1989; 72: 979–984
  • McMahon R. E. Alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones. Metabolic Basis of Detoxication, W. B. Jakoby, J. R. Bend, J. Caldwell. Academic, New York 1982; 91–104
  • Morales A., Birkholz D. A., Hrudey S. E. Analysis of pulp mill effluent contaminants in water, sediment, and fish muscle-chlorophenols and related compounds. Water Environment Research 1992; 64: 669–681
  • Nelson P. J. A study of ways of increasing the use of non-chlorine containing bleaching chemicals, increasing the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide and improving the overall efficiency of modern bleaching sequences. Annual Meeting of the National Pulp and Paper Mills Research Program, CanberraAustralia, 1993
  • Oikari A., Ånäs E. Chlorinated phenolics and their conjugates in the bile of trout (Salmo gairdneri) exposed to contaminated waters. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1985; 35: 802–809
  • Oikari A., Baram G. I., Evstafyev V. K., Grachev M. A. Determination and characterisation of chloroguaiacol conjugates in fish bile by HPLC. Environmental Pollution 1988; 55: 79–87
  • Smith T. J., Wearne R. H., Wallis A. A. Factors influencing the amounts of chlorinated phenols formed during bleaching of eucalypt kraft pulps. Holzforschung 1994; 48: 125–132
  • Stauber J., Gunthorpe L., Deavin J. G., Munday B. L., Ahsanullah M. Application of new marine bioassays for assessing toxicity of bleached eucalypt kraft mill effluent. Appita 1993; 47: 472–476
  • Stehly G. R., Hayton W. L. Metabolism of pentachlorophenol by fish. Xenobiotica 1989; 19: 75–81
  • Stratham C. N., Melancon M. J., Lech J. J. Biotransformation of xenobiotics in trout bile: a proposed monitoring aid for some waterborne chemicals. Science 1976; 193: 1680–1681
  • Von Wartburg J-P., Wermuth B. Aldehyde reductase. Enzymatic Basis of Detoxication, W. B. Jakoby. Academic, New York 1980; vol. 1: 249–260
  • Voss R. H., Wearing J. T., Mortimer R. D., Kovacs T., Wong A. Chlorinated organics in kraft bleachery effluents. Paperi ja Puu 1980; 12: 809–813
  • Voss R. H., Wearing J. T., Wong A. Effect of hardwood chlorination conditions on the formation of toxic chlorinated compounds. Tappi 1981; 64: 167–170

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.