188
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Change in paternity and select perinatal outcomes: Causal or confounded?

, , , , &
Pages 657-662 | Published online: 04 Sep 2012

References

  • ACOG. 2002. Committee on Practice Bulletins – Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 33, January. Diagnosis and management of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Obstetrics and Gynecology 99:159–167.
  • Al Afraj AS, Khalil N. 2010. Pregnancy outcome in 396 pregnancies in patients with SLE in Saudi Arabia. Lupus 19:1665–1673.
  • Basso O, Olsen J, Johansen A, Christensen K. 1997. Change in social status and risk of low birth weight in Denmark: population based cohort study. British Journal of Medicine 315:1498–1502.
  • Basso O, Olsen J, Christensen K. 1999. Study of environmental, social, and paternal factors in preterm delivery using sibs and half sibs. A population-based study in Denmark. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 53:20–23.
  • Basso O, Christensen K, Olsen J. 2001. Higher risk of pre-eclampsia after change of partner. An effect of longer inter-pregnancy intervals? Epidemiology 12:624–629.
  • Chigbu C, Okezie O, Odugu B. 2009. Women in southern Nigeria with change in paternity do not have increased risk of pre-eclampsia. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 29:94–97.
  • Christensen K, Schmidt M, Vaeth M, Olsen J. 1995. Absence of an environmental effect on the recurrence of facial-cleft defects. New England Journal of Medicine 333:161–164.
  • Gardosi J, Chang A, Kalyan B, Sahota D, Symonds EM. 1992. Customized antenatal growth charts. Lancet 339:283–287.
  • Hjartardottir S, Leifsson B, Geirsson R, Steinthorsdottir V. 2004. Paternity change and the recurrence risk in familial hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. Hypertension in Pregnancy 23:219–225.
  • Hollingshead AB. 1975. Four factor index of social status. Unpublished manuscript, Yale University, New Haven CT.
  • Lubchenco LO, Hasman C, Boyd E. 1966. Intrauterine growth in length and head circumference as estimated from live births at gestational ages from 26 to 42 weeks. Pediatrics 37:403–408.
  • Kliejer M, Dekker GA, Heard AR. 2005. Risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction in a socioeconomically disadvantaged region. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 81:23–30.
  • Krulewitch CJ, Herman AA, Yu KF, Johnson YR. 1997. Does changing paternity contribute to the risk of intrauterine growth retardation? Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 11:S41–S47.
  • Kuczmarski RJ, Ogden CL, Guo SS, Grummer-Strawn LM, Flegal KM, Mei Z, Wei R . 2002. 2000 CDC growth charts: United States advance data from vital and health statistics, No. 314. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
  • Li D. 1999. Changing paternity and the risk of preterm delivery in subsequent pregnancy. Epidemiology 10:148–152.
  • Li D, Wi S. 2000. Changing paternity and the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia in the subsequent pregnancy. American Journal of Epidemiology 151: 57–62.
  • Lie R, Wilcox A, Skjaerven R. 1994. A population-based study of the risk of recurrence of birth defects. New England Journal of Medicine 331:1–4.
  • Lie R, Rasmussen S, Brunborg H, Gjessing H, Lie-Nielsen E, Irgens L. 1998. Fetal and maternal contributions to risk of pre-eclampsia: population based study. British Journal of Medicine 316:1343–1347.
  • March of Dimes Foundation. 2011. Prematurity Campaign: What we know about prematurity. Available at: www.marchofdimes.com/mission/prematurity_indepth.html (Accessed 8 June 2012).
  • Mayo Clinic 1994a. Complete book of pregnancy and baby's first year. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. p 169, 354, 366.
  • Mayo Clinic 1994b. Complete book of pregnancy and baby's first year. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. p 55.
  • Mayo Clinic 1994c. Complete book of pregnancy and baby's first year. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. p 196–197.
  • Mostello D, Catlin T, Roman L, Holcomb W, Leet T. 2002. Preeclampsia i n the parous woman: Who is at risk? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 425–429.
  • Need JA. 1975. Preeclampsia in pregnancies by different fathers: immunological studies. British Journal of Medicine 1:548–549.
  • Robbilard P, Hulsey T, Alexander G, Keenan A, de Caunes, F, Papiernik E. 1993. Paternity patterns and risk of preeclampsia in the last pregnancy in multiparae. Journal of Reproductive Immunology 24:1–12.
  • Skjaerven R, Wilcox A, Lie R. 2002. The interval between pregnancies and the risk of preeclampsia. New England Journal of Medicine 346: 33–38.
  • Smyth A, Oliveira GH, Lahr BD, Bailey KR, Norby SM, Garovic VD. 2010. A systematic review and meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 5:2060–2068.
  • Tubbergen P, Lachmeijer A, Althuisius S, Vlak M, van Geijn H, Dekker G. 1999. Change in paternity: a risk factor for preeclampsia in multiparous women? Journal of Reproductive Immunology 45:81–88.
  • Trogstad L, Eskild A, Magnus P, Samuelsen S, Nesheim B. 2001. Changing paternity and the time since last pregnancy; the impact on pre-eclampsia risk. A study of 547,238 women with and without previous pre-eclampsia. International Journal of Epidemiology 30:1317–1322.
  • Trupin L, Simon L, Eskenazi B. 1996. Change in paternity: a risk factor for preeclampsia in multiparas. Epidemiology 7:240–244.
  • Vatten L, Skjaerven R. 2003. Effects on pregnancy outcome of changing partner between first two births: prospective population study. British Journal of Medicine 327:1138–1141.
  • Zhang J. 2007. Partner change, birth interval and risk of preeclampsia: a paradoxical triangle. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 21: S31–S35.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.