REFERENCES
- Andrews, J. A., Lewinsohn, P. M., Hops, H., & Roberts, R. E. (1993). Psychometric properties of scales for the measurement of psychosocial variables associated with depression in adolescence. Psychological Reports, 73, 1019–1046.
- Armey, M., F., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M. T., Mennin, D. S., Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., … Alloy, L. B. (2009). Brooding and pondering: Isolating the active ingredients of depressive rumination with exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Assessment, 16, 315–327.
- Burwell, R. A., & Shirk, S. R. (2007). Subtypes of rumination in adolescence: Association between brooding, reflection, depressive symptoms, and coping. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36, 56–65.
- Essau, C. A., Lewinsohn, P. M., Seeley, J. R., & Sasagawa, S. (2010). Gender difference in the developmental course of depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 127, 185–190.
- Fendrich, M., Weissman, M. M., & Warner, V. (1990). Screening for depressive disorder in children and adolescents: Validating the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children. American Journal of Epidemiology, 131, 538–551.
- Fergusson, D. M., Boden, J. M., & Horwood, L. J. (2007). Recurrence of major depression in adolescence and early adulthood, and later mental health, education and economic outcomes. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 191(4), 335–342.
- Gibb, B. E., & Coles, M. E. (2005). Cognitive vulnerability-stress models of psychopathology: A developmental perspective. In B. L. Hankin & J. R. Z. Abela (Eds.), Development of psychopathology: A vulnerability-stress perspective (pp. 104–135). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Hankin, B. L., & Abramson, L.Y. (2001). Development of gender differences in depression: An elaborated cognitive vulnerability-transactional stress theory. Psychological Bulletin, 127, 773–796.
- Hankin, B. L., & Abramson, L. Y. (2002). Measuring cognitive vulnerability to depression in adolescence: Reliability, validity, and gender differences. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 31, 491–504.
- Joormann, J., Dkane, M., & Gotlib, I. H. (2006). Adaptive and maladaptive components of rumination? Diagnostic specific and relation to depressive biases. Behavior Therapy, 37, 269–280.
- Kessler, R. C. (2012). The costs of depression. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 35(1), 1–14.
- Lakdawalla, Z., Hankin, B., & Mermelstein, R. (2007). Cognitive theories of depression in children and adolescents: A conceptual and quantitative review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 10, 1–24.
- Lopez, C. M., Driscoll, K. A., & Kistner, J. A. (2009). Sex differences and response styles: Subtypes of rumination and associations with depressive symptoms. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 38, 27–35.
- Marroquin, B. M., Gontes, M., Scilletta, A., & Miranda, R. (2010). Ruminative subtypes and coping responses: Active and passive pathways to depressive symptoms. Cognition and Emotion, 24, 1446–1455.
- Mathers, C. D., & Loncar, D. (2006). Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS Medicine, 3, e442.
- Merikangas, K. R., He, J. P., Burstein, M., Swanson, S. A., Avenevoli, S., Cui, L., … Swendsen, J. (2010). Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U. S. adolescents: Results from the National Comorbidity Replication—Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 980–989.
- Mezulis, A., Hyde, J. S., & Abramson, L. Y. (2006). The developmental origins of cognitive vulnerability to depression: Temperament, parenting, and negative life events in childhood as contributors to negative cognitive style. Developmental Psychology, 42, 1012–1025.
- Mezulis, A., Simonson, J., McCauley, E., & Vander Stoep, A. (2011). The association between temperament and depressive symptoms in adolescence: Brooding and reflection as potential mediators. Cognition & Emotion, 25, 1460–1470.
- Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Morrow, J. (1991). A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 115–121.
- Treynor, W., Gonzalez, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2003). Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27, 247–259.
- Verstraeten, K., Vasey, M. W., Raes, F., & Bijttebier, P. (2010). Brooding and reflection as components of rumination in late childhood. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 367–372.
- Weissman, M., & Beck, A. T. (1978). Development and validation of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale: A preliminary investigation. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Education Research Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Weissman, M., Orvaschell, H., & Padian, N. (1980). Children's symptoms and social function: Self-report scales. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 168, 736–740.
- Weissman, M. M., Wolk, S., Goldstein, R. B., Moreau, D., Adams, P., Greenwald, S., … Wickramaratne, P. (1999). Depressed adolescents grown up. Journal of the American Medical Association, 281, 1707–1713.
- Willem, L., Bijttebier, P., Claes, L., & Raes, F. (2011) Rumination subtypes in relation to problematic substance use in adolescence. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 695–699.
- Young, C. C., LaMontagne, L. L., Dietrich, M. S., & Wells, N. (2012). Cognitive vulnerabilities, negative life events, and depressive symptoms in young adolescents. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 26, 9–20.