106
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Clinical Science

Optic Neuritis: Visual Outcome and Risk Factors for the Development of Multiple Sclerosis in Western Turkey

, , , , &
Pages 115-120 | Received 03 Dec 2010, Accepted 07 Feb 2011, Published online: 18 Jun 2011

REFERENCES

  • Balcer LJ. Clinical practice. Optic neuritis. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1273–1280.
  • Foroozan R, Buono LM, Savino PJ, Sergott RC. Acute demyelinating optic neuritis. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2002;13:375–380.
  • Frohman EM, Frohman TC, Zee DS, McColl R, Galetta S. The neuro-ophthalmology of multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol 2005;4:111–21.
  • Arnold AC. Evolving management of optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. Am J Ophthalmol 2005;139:1101–1108.
  • Kurtzke JF. Optic neuritis or multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 1985;42:704–710.
  • Optic Neuritis Study Group. Multiple sclerosis risk after optic neuritis: final Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial follow-up. Arch Neurol 2008;65:727–732.
  • Fisnicu LK, Brex PA, Altmann DR, Miszkiel KA, Benton CE, Lanyon R, Thompson AJ, Miller DH. Disability and T2 MRI lesions: a 20-year follow-up of patients with relapse onset of multiple sclerosis. Brain 2008;131:808–817.
  • Lucchinetti CF, Kiers L, O’Duffy A, Gomez MR, Cross S, Leavitt JA, O’Brien P, Rodriguez M. Risk factors for developing multiple sclerosis after childhood optic neuritis. Neurology 1997;49:1413–1418.
  • Wilejto M, Shroff M, Buncic JR, Kennedy J, Goia C, Banwell B. The clinical features, MRI findings, and outcome of optic neuritis in children. Neurology 2006;67:258–262.
  • Sandberg-Wollheim M, Bynke H, Cronqvist S, Holtas S, Platz P, Ryder LP. A long term prospective study of optic neuritis: evaluation of risk factors. Ann Neurol 1990;27:386–393.
  • Ghezzi A, Martinelli V, Torri V, Zaffaroni M, Rodegher M, Comi G, Zibetti A, Canal N. Long-term follow-up of isolated optic neuritis: the risk of developing multiple sclerosis, its outcome and the prognostic paraclinical tests. J Neurol 1999;246:770–775.
  • Brex PA, Ciccarelli O, O’Riordan JI, Sailer M, Thompson AJ, Miller DH. A longitudinal study of abnormalities on MRI and disability from multiple sclerosis. N Eng J Med 2002;346:158–164.
  • Poser CM, Paty DW, Scheinberg L. New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols. Ann Neurol 1983;13:227–231.
  • McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G, Goodkin D, Hartung HP, Lublin FD, McFarland HF, Paty DW, Polman CH, Reingold SC, Sandberg-Wollheim M, Sibley W, Thompson A, van den Noort S, Weinshenker BY, Wolinsky JS. Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001;50:121–127.
  • Beck RW, Cleary PA, Trobe JD, Kaufman DI, Kupersmith MJ, Paty DW, Brown CH. The effect of corticosteroids for acute optic neuritis on the subsequent development of multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1764–1769.
  • Barkhof F, Filippi M, van Waesberghe JH, Campi A, Miller DH, Adèr HJ. Interobserver agreement for diagnostic MRI criteria in suspected multiple sclerosis. Neuroradiology 1999;41:347–350.
  • Optic Neuritis Study Group. The 5-year risk of MS after optic neuritis. Experience of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. Neurology 1997;49:1404–1413.
  • McAlpine D. The benign form of multiple sclerosis: results of a long-term study. Br Med J 1964;2:1029–1032.
  • Francis DA, Compston DA, Batchelor JR, Mc Donald WI. A reassessment of the risk of multiple sclerosis developing in patients with optic neuritis after extended follow-up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1987;50:758–765.
  • Nilsson P, Larsson EM, Maly-Sundgren P, Perfekt R, Sandberg-Wollheim M. Predicting the outcome of optic neuritis. Evaluation of risk factors after 30 years of follow up. J Neurol 2005;252:396–402.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.